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Thus, an idea implant should exhibit suitable mechanical properties while its surface should support cell growth and adhesion.
Ion implantation bombards the substrate with energetic ions to adjust the surface properties [12].
While growth factors have influences on mitogenicity, osteoinduction and bone cell activity.
Soares: Mechanical Properties of Titania Films Used as Biomaterials, Materials Chemistry and Physics, vol. 102 (2007) pp. 92-97
Davies: Influence of Porosity on Mechanical Properties and in Vivo Response of Ti6al4v Implants, Acta Biomaterialia, vol. 6 (2010) pp. 1640-1648

aaulia007@gmail.com, bzulk@fke.utm.my, cyanzarief@fke.utm.my, dfendi@fke.utm.my, emariatti@eng.usm.my Keywords: linear low density polyethylene, natural rubber, nano titania, partial discharge Abstract – Studies on mechanical properties of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and natural rubber (NR) added by fillers such as carbon black, silica and calcium carbonate show an improvement in the mechanical properties.
In contrast to the prediction, the results show that the PD pattern is negatively affected by nano titania particles, where no improvement was noted with a certain amount of w% of nano silica.
Partial discharge, one of the most important factors leading to the breakdown in electrical insulation has drawn tremendous attention by researchers worldwide.
Through the incorporation of nanofillers in polymer matrices, it could enhance the partial discharge properties of the insulation materials.

In the present study, the influencing factors such as the intensity and the direction of gradient magnetic fields, the magnetic susceptibilities of non-magnetic metals on the structures are studied theoretically and experimentally.
The results indicate that high magnetic fields can be applied to control the solidified structures of metals and then improve the quality and the properties of materials for different purposes.
Introduction Solidified structures have decisive effects on the internal qualities and the mechanical properties of metals.
Therefore, in order to explain these experimental results, it needs to multi-analyze the factors such as the magnetic flux density, magnetic gradient and also convection flow.
The results indicate that high magnetic fields can be applied to control the solidified structures of metals in solidification processes and then increase the quality and the properties of materials for different purposes.

b) Mechanical properties; parameters obtained from experimental characterisation are used to design customized panel solutions in accordance to the architectural design; mechanical characterisation is also useful for comparison to natural stone material properties that have a history of successful use of general building and cladding projects.
Microstructural and Physical Properties.
Mechanical Properties.
Material properties considered for the technical specification in the case-studies.
The granite sample tested seems more adequate to be employed in the prestressed panel, since both physical and mechanical properties are higher than limestone.

Choose genetic algorithm to search the optimum process parameter of the laser cladding valve parts contains 5 factors: The coding method, the initial population set, evaluation function as the design of fitness function, design of genetic operation and set of algorithm control parameters [2].
At this point, P = 1790.8W, V = 3.4mm / s,, G = 60.6r/min D = 2.1mm = 1.4mm, at this time the fine organization of the laser cladding layer, porosity, inclusions greatly reduced, the rate of the cladding dilution , the width of the heat-affected zone, microhardness, and strength and toughness properties are significantly improved, which are conducive to improve the use of performance [9,10 of ]the wear resistance of the valve parts, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, .
Practice has proved that the optimal process parameters obtained by the genetic algorithm is correct, and greatly enhanced the laser cladding layer wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue properties, good production practice guidance。
Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press(2006) [6] Min Xilin, Liu Guohua.
Mechanical Design,Vol 21 album: 123-124

Masters and Evans investigated the mechanical properties of regular hexagon cell more comprehensively, and pointed out that the cell deformation is made by the combination of bending, stretching and rotation of cell walls.
However, due to some factors in the technological process, the geometry of honeycomb cells does not remain the same as its ideal shape.
On the premise of standard aluminum honeycomb, the dimensions affecting the in-plane equivalent parameters are the T/L and H/L ratios; T, L and H being respectively the thickness, the length and the height of a cell wall.
The simulation results show that the honeycomb core has strong anisotropic properties that are EXCellular solids structure and properties[D].

In orthodontics, the scientific interest regarding adhesion is focused on optimizing adherents: metallic or aesthetic bracket base conditioning, creating aesthetic brackets with improved mechanical properties, enamel conditioning and artificial surface conditioning (aesthetic veneers and crowns).
Masticatory forces in the molar region are paramount factors of success or failure in molar bonding [2].
Other factors of molar bonding are, operator accessibility, moisture control, bite depth and patient dietary co-operation [2].
Patents provide very little information regarding the dimensions of the bases [12].Factors determining bracket base are: oral hygiene, bond strength and aesthetics [13, 14].
Micro-CT 3D computed reconstruction can be sliced along any direction to gain information on the internal geometric properties and structural parameters of the sample..

The bulk chemical composition, nucleant added, final phase assemblage and microstructure are the most important factors affecting their technical properties.
Mica glass-ceramics are widely used as mechanical, electrical and biomedical materials due to their unique machinability and good electrical properties.
Therefore, improving their mechanical properties has been attracted much interests [5-7].
XRD patterns of (a) L0CaF2, (b) L0CaF4, (c) L0CaF6 Mechanical properties Table 2 shows machinability of the samples reheated at 1000˚C and 1100˚C for 2 h.
Table. 2 Properties of glass sample reheated at 1100 °C for 2 h Conclusions The main conclusions of this paper are: Based on the obtained data the activation energy “E” estimated by Kissinger and Matusita-sakka methods were different, but their changes were similar.

The association of high mechanical properties fiber and laminated timber results in a high performance composite system, on which the reinforcement material is applied to optimize the individual properties of the timber, restoring the element's initial design resistance, or even increasing it.
Table 1 presents the properties of glass, carbon and sisal fibers, for further comparison with Vectran® fiber properties.
Table 2 - Mechanical Properties of Vectran® Filament Yarn [8] Vectran® HT Vectran® UM Break Strength [GPa] 3.2 3.0 Initial Modulus [GPa] 75 103 Elongation at break [%] 3.8 3.8 Table 3 presents other mechanical properties of various engineering materials, permitting the comparison of these properties, in special, the tensile strength.
Figure 2 - Notation and Stress-Strain Relationship on the Cross Section [9] Figure 3 - Failure Modes [9] This design model reduces the calculation of unreinforced glulam beams by using absolute geometrical factors αi and general factors ki [9].
These factors allow to calculate geometrically similar cross sections by calculating αi and ki just once.

Among the green polymers, polylactic acid (PLA) acid has shown to be very popular due to the good mechanical properties.
In general, the resulting composites exhibit improved mechanical properties with the addition of CNW.
The highly crystalline CNW, PLA crystallinity development (e.g., transcrystallinity) and absorbed moisture filling the free volume were put forward as the most likely factors behind this behaviour.
Bulge, tensile, and dynamic mechanical tests showed that mechanical properties of the films increased with increasing CNW content until the content reached 2.3 wt.% [14].
Sain, Mechanical properties of biodegradable composites from polylactic acid (PLA) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), J.