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Online since: August 2013
Authors: Zi Jun Li, Can Juan Gong
Energy consumption data of industrial field and industrial added value data of Dongying City are mainly from the Statistical Yearbook of Shandong Province [3] and the Statistical Yearbook of Dongying City [4].
Energy consumption data of transportation field and data of vehicle numbers of different types are mainly from Dongying Bureau of Communications.
Energy consumption data of construction field and building area data of buildings of different types are mainly from the Civil Building Census Data Assembly of Dongying City [5] and the Rural Construction Statistical Yearbook of Shandong Province.
Data of baseline emission factors for regional power grids are from the Department of Climate Change of the National Development and Reform Commission.
Only carbon emission in road transportation is measured due to the limitation of data.
Energy consumption data of transportation field and data of vehicle numbers of different types are mainly from Dongying Bureau of Communications.
Energy consumption data of construction field and building area data of buildings of different types are mainly from the Civil Building Census Data Assembly of Dongying City [5] and the Rural Construction Statistical Yearbook of Shandong Province.
Data of baseline emission factors for regional power grids are from the Department of Climate Change of the National Development and Reform Commission.
Only carbon emission in road transportation is measured due to the limitation of data.
Online since: September 2012
Authors: You Hong Xiao, Xin Na Tian, Wei Wang
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) aftertreatment system has been applied to reduce Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) as a key technology.
The simulation data were shown in table 1: Table1, Simulation Data and Results M N NO2(ppm) NO(ppm) NH3(ppm) NOx conversion efficiency NH3 slip(ppm) 1 5 1 50 250 300 91.% 14 2 7 1 37.5 262.5 300 90.% 15 3 9 1 30 270 300 91.4% 12 4 9 0.8 30 270 240 76.4% 8 5 9 1.1 30 270 330 93.4% 49 Through the results of the simulation, can analysis the two factors influence on the NOx conversion efficiency and NH3 slip intuitively, the changes of m has not influence on the NOx conversion efficiency and NH3 slip, however, the changes of n has a great influence on them.
The NOx conversion efficiency has a significant reduction.
[2] Ming-Feng Hsieh, ”Control of Diesel Engine Urea Selective Catalyst Reduction Systems”.
Diesel SCR NOx Reduction and Performance on Washcoated SCR Catalysts [C].SAE, 2004-01-1293
The simulation data were shown in table 1: Table1, Simulation Data and Results M N NO2(ppm) NO(ppm) NH3(ppm) NOx conversion efficiency NH3 slip(ppm) 1 5 1 50 250 300 91.% 14 2 7 1 37.5 262.5 300 90.% 15 3 9 1 30 270 300 91.4% 12 4 9 0.8 30 270 240 76.4% 8 5 9 1.1 30 270 330 93.4% 49 Through the results of the simulation, can analysis the two factors influence on the NOx conversion efficiency and NH3 slip intuitively, the changes of m has not influence on the NOx conversion efficiency and NH3 slip, however, the changes of n has a great influence on them.
The NOx conversion efficiency has a significant reduction.
[2] Ming-Feng Hsieh, ”Control of Diesel Engine Urea Selective Catalyst Reduction Systems”.
Diesel SCR NOx Reduction and Performance on Washcoated SCR Catalysts [C].SAE, 2004-01-1293
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Yan An Yang, Guang Ju Hao, Xue Mei Li
Control of land planting structure and use of low carbon new energy are the main direction of rural carbon emission reduction in the future.
Data acquisition and methods Data acquisition The data on the carbon balance of agricultural ecosystem in seven typical towns around Yuqiao Reservoir originated from the latest on-the-spot investigation and relevant literature.
The data on the carbon emission of agricultural ecological system in Ji County were calculated from the following data of seven towns in the study area in 2012, including the yields of main crops, crops sown area, the amount of chemical fertilizer application, irrigation area, farm machinery power, the amount of livestock and poultry breeding.
All the data were based on the statistical yearbook of Ji County in 2013.
Study on the Carbon Emissions of Life in Rural Area Based on Energy-saving and Emission-reduction—A Case Study of Dezhou City.
Data acquisition and methods Data acquisition The data on the carbon balance of agricultural ecosystem in seven typical towns around Yuqiao Reservoir originated from the latest on-the-spot investigation and relevant literature.
The data on the carbon emission of agricultural ecological system in Ji County were calculated from the following data of seven towns in the study area in 2012, including the yields of main crops, crops sown area, the amount of chemical fertilizer application, irrigation area, farm machinery power, the amount of livestock and poultry breeding.
All the data were based on the statistical yearbook of Ji County in 2013.
Study on the Carbon Emissions of Life in Rural Area Based on Energy-saving and Emission-reduction—A Case Study of Dezhou City.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Dinesh Srivastava, Gautam Kumar Dey, Nachiket Keskar, Vikrant Raizada, Vaibhaw Kumar, Sanjay Kumar Jha, Nudurupati Saibaba
The flow stress data from a Gleeble machine, obtained both below β transus temperature in two phase α+β region as well as above β transus temperature in β phase region, were directly used in the FEM simulation of extrusion process, eliminating the need for any assumptions regarding material plastic flow law.
From such information, the necessary design specifications and data are obtained for optimization of the design of dies and the prediction of mechanical properties of extruded product.
For optimizing the values for heat transfer coefficient and friction coefficient for Zr-based alloys and tool steel interface, multiple combinations of convective heat transfer and friction coefficient were adopted for simulation and the ones which gave ram force profile that conformed to the actual experimental data obtained from the shop floor were taken as the optimum values.
Reduction ratio Reduction Ratio 6 (a) Reduction Ratio 8 (b) Reduction Ratio 10 (c) Reduction Ratio 12 (d) Reduction Ratio 14.4 (e) Reduction Ratio 20 (f) Figure 3: The temperature profile is seen to change with change in reduction ratio.
Effect of reduction ratio Intuitively, increasing reduction ratio should result in increase in required ram force.
From such information, the necessary design specifications and data are obtained for optimization of the design of dies and the prediction of mechanical properties of extruded product.
For optimizing the values for heat transfer coefficient and friction coefficient for Zr-based alloys and tool steel interface, multiple combinations of convective heat transfer and friction coefficient were adopted for simulation and the ones which gave ram force profile that conformed to the actual experimental data obtained from the shop floor were taken as the optimum values.
Reduction ratio Reduction Ratio 6 (a) Reduction Ratio 8 (b) Reduction Ratio 10 (c) Reduction Ratio 12 (d) Reduction Ratio 14.4 (e) Reduction Ratio 20 (f) Figure 3: The temperature profile is seen to change with change in reduction ratio.
Effect of reduction ratio Intuitively, increasing reduction ratio should result in increase in required ram force.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Yun Na Wu, Jian Ping Yuan
Data processing is very important for evaluation.
Firstly, evaluation indicators are collected and classified into input indicators and output indicators for data processing.
The data are shown in Table 1.
Specific steps are as follows: (1) the original data forward and standardization.
Standardized data are tested for KMO measure and Barelett spherical test to determine whether they are suitable for Factor Analysis.
Firstly, evaluation indicators are collected and classified into input indicators and output indicators for data processing.
The data are shown in Table 1.
Specific steps are as follows: (1) the original data forward and standardization.
Standardized data are tested for KMO measure and Barelett spherical test to determine whether they are suitable for Factor Analysis.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Jun Yong He, Cheng Yu Tian, Li Ning Yao
Energy Consumption and Noise Reduction Research of Fiber and Rubber Powder in Cement Concrete Pavement
Jun Yong He 1,a, Li Ning Yao 2,b and Cheng Yu Tian 3,c
1Guangdong College of Industry and Commerce, Guangzhou 510510,China
2Guangzhou Modern Information Engineering College, Guangzhou 510663,China
3 BaJu Hydropower Construction of China, Changshan 410007, China
ahjyong2001@163.com, bylining@163.com, ctcydg@163.com
Keywords: Energy consumption and noise reduction, Rubber powder, Fiber, Concrete pavement
Abstract.
An experimental study was performed on the energy consumption and noise reduction of cement concrete.
Therefore,it played a very important role in energy consumption and noise reduction of cement concrete pavement when fiber and rubber powder were rationally added.
Table 2 Dynamic characteristics of concrete specimens dynamic characteristics A20 A30 C20 C30 CA20 CA30 C0 basic cycle T [ms] 19.8 20.2 19.8 20.5 19.6 19.8 18.8 natural frequencies F [Hz] 51.89 49.93 51.89 47.97 51.89 50.91 52.87 logarithmic attenuation rate LA 8.4 8.0 8.45 8.4 8.5 8.65 8.5 damping ratio DR 0.0265 0.0257 0.0266 0.0274 0.0265 0.0273 0.0254 modulus of flexure [MPa] -- 29.22 38.20 26.24 -- 33.75 48.23 Notes: indefinite data in the experiment are represented with symbol“--” Conclusions At present, the asphalt mixture is used as main material of the pavement construction in the world.But with the asphalt as a kind of diminishing natural resources, the asphalt concrete road construction and maintenance costs will be more and more expensive.So cement concrete pavement will still play a very important role in the future.The traffic noise has become an important problem to be solved in road traffic in the city.
An experimental study was performed on the energy consumption and noise reduction of cement concrete.
Therefore,it played a very important role in energy consumption and noise reduction of cement concrete pavement when fiber and rubber powder were rationally added.
Table 2 Dynamic characteristics of concrete specimens dynamic characteristics A20 A30 C20 C30 CA20 CA30 C0 basic cycle T [ms] 19.8 20.2 19.8 20.5 19.6 19.8 18.8 natural frequencies F [Hz] 51.89 49.93 51.89 47.97 51.89 50.91 52.87 logarithmic attenuation rate LA 8.4 8.0 8.45 8.4 8.5 8.65 8.5 damping ratio DR 0.0265 0.0257 0.0266 0.0274 0.0265 0.0273 0.0254 modulus of flexure [MPa] -- 29.22 38.20 26.24 -- 33.75 48.23 Notes: indefinite data in the experiment are represented with symbol“--” Conclusions At present, the asphalt mixture is used as main material of the pavement construction in the world.But with the asphalt as a kind of diminishing natural resources, the asphalt concrete road construction and maintenance costs will be more and more expensive.So cement concrete pavement will still play a very important role in the future.The traffic noise has become an important problem to be solved in road traffic in the city.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Xiao Yu Chen, Xin Xia, Bo Liu
Fig. 1 gives the framework of the data mining of CTGs.
The framework of the data mining of CTGs ReliefF.
More features involved may yield worse results, the reduction of features can improve the classification efficacy in some extent, and researchers can mainly focus on the most important features in data mining for study.
The results are anticipated that the power of some ensemble learning methods in the classification of CTGs data.
Conclusions In this paper, four ensemble learning algorithms of LogitBoost, Stacking, Bagging and AdaBoostM1 are carried out in the data mining of fetal CTGs data based on ReliefF algorithm, and LogitBoost is a better approach compared with the other three ensemble learning methods.
The framework of the data mining of CTGs ReliefF.
More features involved may yield worse results, the reduction of features can improve the classification efficacy in some extent, and researchers can mainly focus on the most important features in data mining for study.
The results are anticipated that the power of some ensemble learning methods in the classification of CTGs data.
Conclusions In this paper, four ensemble learning algorithms of LogitBoost, Stacking, Bagging and AdaBoostM1 are carried out in the data mining of fetal CTGs data based on ReliefF algorithm, and LogitBoost is a better approach compared with the other three ensemble learning methods.
Online since: August 2015
Authors: Gonasagren Govender, Leonard M. Masu, Francis Nturanabo
Also, more simply (and without material substitution), many suspension and chassis parts can realise secondary mass reductions from reduction in their size that result from mass reductions elsewhere on the vehicle.
Automakers embrace AlMMCs The race for mass reduction.
Likewise, Nissan has a target of a 15% reduction by 2015, representing over 227 kg reduction from their 2008 average light duty vehicle [13].
It was noted that there was need for systematic database that relates properties to processing parameters or between laboratory test data and actual performance.
Validated property data sets for AlMMCs were needed in the form of design allowances for product design, and as inputs for Finite Element Analysis (FEA) as well as for microstructural modelling [37].
Automakers embrace AlMMCs The race for mass reduction.
Likewise, Nissan has a target of a 15% reduction by 2015, representing over 227 kg reduction from their 2008 average light duty vehicle [13].
It was noted that there was need for systematic database that relates properties to processing parameters or between laboratory test data and actual performance.
Validated property data sets for AlMMCs were needed in the form of design allowances for product design, and as inputs for Finite Element Analysis (FEA) as well as for microstructural modelling [37].
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Yun Liu, Zhen Jiang Zhang, Mohammed Ahmed Ahmed Al Jaoufi
This sink node comprehensively checks and compares data and also ensure its secure transmission of data.
While in sensor network, as an important part of the network energy consumption, the way communication reduction how to reduce redundant data and reduce the transmission energy consumption and of research today in the scientific community has become one hot spot in the course of data transmission.
The main purpose of data aggregation is to reduce redundant data transmission and guarantee data transmission and resist t a variety of malicious attacks and thus improve its overall safety and timely resolve for the convergence data loss issues to t reduce communication overhead.
Once it receives the base station data message about the requirement, take periodic data collection.
Wireless sensor networks data aggregation scheme not only reduce the data accuracy and increase redundant data to gradually increase the aggregation efficiency.
While in sensor network, as an important part of the network energy consumption, the way communication reduction how to reduce redundant data and reduce the transmission energy consumption and of research today in the scientific community has become one hot spot in the course of data transmission.
The main purpose of data aggregation is to reduce redundant data transmission and guarantee data transmission and resist t a variety of malicious attacks and thus improve its overall safety and timely resolve for the convergence data loss issues to t reduce communication overhead.
Once it receives the base station data message about the requirement, take periodic data collection.
Wireless sensor networks data aggregation scheme not only reduce the data accuracy and increase redundant data to gradually increase the aggregation efficiency.
Online since: May 2015
Authors: Yunn Lin Hwang, Wen Der Ueng, Kun Nan Chen
An experimentally verified FE model provides a baseline that can be compared with data collected from an in-service testing on the same structure to determine whether the structure is in a healthy condition.
In recent years, many methods have been proposed to locate and assess structural damage from measured data.
A reduction coefficient for each finite element is defined and later found to indicate stiffness reduction in that particular element.
For an undamaged structure, all reduction coefficients are zeroes, i.e. δj = 0, j = 1, …, l.
After only 7 iterations, all damaged elements and the extent of their stiffness reductions are clearly identified.
In recent years, many methods have been proposed to locate and assess structural damage from measured data.
A reduction coefficient for each finite element is defined and later found to indicate stiffness reduction in that particular element.
For an undamaged structure, all reduction coefficients are zeroes, i.e. δj = 0, j = 1, …, l.
After only 7 iterations, all damaged elements and the extent of their stiffness reductions are clearly identified.