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Table3 The minimum interfacial tension of reverse wetting agent with crude oil chemical minimum interfacial tension between crude oil and solution of different concentrations（10-2mN.m－1） 0.1％ 0.2% 0.3% 0.4% 0.5% RS-1 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.6 1.2 RS-2 4.5 1.4 1.8 2.3 5.6 RS-3 6.3 6.4 9.7 11.0 1.4 oil wettability displacement agent / / / / / mahogany sulfonate / / / / / Table4 The equilibrium interfacial tension of reverse wetting agent with crude oil chemical balance interfacial tension between crude oil and solution of different concentrations（10-2mN.m－1） 0.1％ 0.2% 0.3% 0.4% 0.5% RS-1 12.4 11.5 9.3 1.1 12.7 RS-2 25.2 18.6 18.0 17.6 25.1 RS-3 21.2 20.3 20.0 18.8 23.1 oil wettability displacement agent / / / / / mahogany sulfonate / / / / / 2.3 Reverse wetting agent’s effect to permeability suck We use cores from fifth factory in daqing oil field to do the experiment of spontaneous permeability suck, 2 pieces of cores’ data, porosity and permeability is listed in the table 5, spontaneous
Table5 The parameters of two natural cores sample number Length (cm) diameter (cm) porosity (%) air permeability (mD) 6 7.2 2.48 13.21 0.46 10 8.7 2.48 13.07 0.42 Figure.1 The oil recovery curve in the course of imbibition’s displacement Analyzed the experimental data of recovery degree in different permeability suck conditions in figure 1, differences of recovery degree happened in the middle and later stage which means af 4 hours later.
There are data of water phase’s relative permeability that water flooding to residual oil’s saturation in table 6, the data are compared with data of water phase’s relative permeability that reverse wetting agent flooding to residual oil’s saturation.
Compared reverse wetting agent flooding to water flooding, reverse wetting agent flooding make core’s injection pressure’s reduction be 17.41%.
Reduction of injection pressure decrease cost of water injection in oil field.

Overpotential and Tafel slope were obtained from the LSV data.
The LSV measurement data for the HER is presented in Fig. 3(a).
It can be seen that the data of NiCoFe-LDH@NCO/NF demonstrated superior HER performance, characterized by a higher current density and an earlier onset potential compared to the control samples of NF, NCO/NF, and NiCoFe-LDH/NF.
Fig. 5(a) shows the chronopotentiometry data indicating good stability of the catalyst after 12 h of continuous operation.
From the LSV data, the overpotential and Tafel slopes clearly demonstrate that NiCoFe-LDH@NCO/NF is a highly efficient catalyst for HER, outperforming the control samples.

Research into intelligent predictive systems has hitherto focused on statistical and neural network techniques which use as their basis limited experimental data or simplified analytical models.
Regression analysis was conducted using experimental data and used to determine the mathematical relationship between process parameters and variation in bend angle, with irradiation path shown to have the greatest influence on bend angle.
Statistical regression based on experimental data was used to predict process parameters required for achieving maximum bending angle.
A radial basis function neural network utilizing experimental data was used as the basis for a single objective optimization of process parameters which were subsequently validated though experimentation, revealing an error of <3% in prediction.
Whilst utilizing experimental data, Maji et al. noted the potential for incorporation of numerical models; a concept which is of particular relevance to the current work.

Data are measured in weekly units.
In particular, it was confirmed that the reduction rate of the coefficient of static elasticity is large.
When charting, the data was stated at intervals of two weeks. ① was carried out using the laser rangefinder between the two points, and the other data was automatically measured by the data logger.
It can be confirmed that the slope of the approximate expression based on all data is "0.898", and the correlation with "R2 = 0.9349" is also very high.
However, in the specimens of No. 3 and No. 4 in which the static elastic modulus at the lower edge side is lowered (Both lower and upper edges are reduced to about 40% of No. 0), a significant energy reduction tendency of the P-δ curve could be confirmed.

The model yields very good agreement with the experimental data and physically meaningful theoretical parameter values. 1.
The strain/force vs. time experimental data were automatically recorded, stored and treated on a personal computer.
Fig. 1a clearly shows that *τ decreases and 1τ slightly increase with the applied stress, at all temperatures, and Fig. 1b illustrate that all b data points fall on a single straight line with zero intercept and slope, b0, ca. 2.8.
Conclusions (1) A molecular model of non-linear creep has been developed; (2) the experimental data could be described by a log-normal truncated distribution of retardation times; (3) the model predicts that stress (σ) and time (t) variables are not separable, i.e.
D(t) ≠ f(t).g(σ) and (4) it yields very good agreement with the experimental data, as well as meaningful parameter values in terms of the physical mechanisms (at the molecular scale) responsible for the behaviour of a wide range of viscoelastic polymer materials.

Mutually complementary utilization of solar energy and fossil fuel is one of the effective approaches to the moderation of fossil energy crisis and reduction in environmental pollution.
In order to analyze the influence of boiler load on the introduction of solar thermal energy, it firstly collected practical operation data under different load and then overall thermodynamic calculation of the boiler had been conducted based on the data.
And the reduction in coal consumption induces variation in heat flux of the water cooled wall in the furnace.
Besides, the quantity of flue gas decreases with the reduction in coal consumption.
As shown in Fig. 4, in the boiler that has been investigated, the subcooling enthalpy of the water in drum increases with the increasing load while the introduction of solar energy results in a reduction in the subcooling enthalpy.

By comaparing the tear strength data of various samples having a CS content of 1, 3 , 5, 10, 15, and 20 phr given in Table 1,it can be found that, the tear strength of semi-IPN(L) increased from that of the pure SNRL film (44.4kN/m) by 4.2, 7.6, 17.1, 25.7, 36.3 and 28.1kN/m, while those of IPN(L+GA-1H), IPN (L+GA-3H) and IPN(L+GA-6H) increased by 23.8～28.2，41.6～ 45.1, 40.4～47.9, 45.6～50.7, 53.2～64.5 and 39.8～54.0 kN/m, and those of IPN(GA-1H), IPN(GA-3H) and IPN(GA-6H) increased by 13.0～19.9，30.8～53.7，35.4～59.5, 44.1～69.5, 29.3～33.7 and 3.2～9.4 kN/m, respectively.
However there was only a small degree of reduction, when the CS content is not higher than 15phr.
It can be found also that the longer the treating time, the greater the reduction in elongation at break, and 3h was enough for GA treatment.
The reduction in swelling ratio of IPN film means further improvement in resistance to non-polar solvents for IPN film, because of the formation of interpenetrating networks.
The reduction in swelling ratio means further improvement in oil resistance of IPN film, resuluting from the formation of interpenetrating networks.

The predictions from the present model are in good agreement with the field data.
The field data used in this applied model is shown in Tables 1 and 2.
Correlation plot comparing the present model with the actual additional data.
Comparing the present model with the actual additional data.
Chemical Data Collections, 17, 321-326

Reduction in threshold current density is the major challenge in the field of semiconductor laser design.
Potential device applications, therefore, range from high power semiconductor lasers to high speed light sources for fiber optic data transmission systems [5].
It is anticipated that quantum dot lasers will become a core technology to realize high-performance light sources for optical communication, for which data traffic is increasing rapidly [1].

The grain refinement mechanisms operating during severe deformation processes, like ECAE, are discussed using data obtained from model Al-alloys.
Most data shown below is for the Al-0.1%Mg alloy, except where comparisons are made to example data from the other materials.
Data analysis was carried out using VMap, an in-house software package.
In the current work sufficient statistical data has not yet been obtained to correlate specific crystal orientations to grain stability in such regions.
An example of this behaviour can be seen in Fig. 6a, where statistical data obtained by EBSD shows little significant difference in the fraction of HAB area, and a negligible reduction in grain width, in the strain range ~ 8 - 17, using route A.