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Such a temperature is higher than classical tool steels annealing temperature and could lead to a fall of the mechanical properties.
This tool steel grade looses a part of its mechanical properties at high temperature.
The solution not only combines the different mechanical properties in one tool but also has a economical benefit as it offers tool cost consequent reduction.
It is therefore noted that the piston corners are more thermally affected compared to the central part of the piston.
Koeune, Study of the liquid fraction and thermophysical properties of semi-solid steels and application to the simulation of inductive heating for thixoforming, Advanced Methods in Material Forming, (2005) 321-347 [9] R.

For simplification, factors A(t), B(t), C(t) are introduced to represent three matrix variables of basis function , the changing law of A(t), B(t), C(t) are shown in Fig.2(b).
As shown in Fig.2(a), fitting curve with is beyond the control polygon and its basis function factors A,B,C are out the regulation range of [0, 1].
(a)Fitting curves under different parameters (b) Changing law of factors A(t), B(t), C(t) Fig.2 Fitting curves and basis function variables curves under different parameters Fitting curve has the following properties: (1) endpoints property: fitting curve must pass through endpoints P0, P2, when , i.e. and ; (2) symmetry: fitting curves shape the same no matter the control points are P0, P1, P2 or P2, P1, P0 by the law of factors; (3) no-negativity: if the shape parameter ranges from 0 to 2，all values of factors A(t), B(t), C(t) are both positive; (4) weighting property: ; (5) monotonic property: when , factors A(t),C(t) decrease and B(t) increases as the shape parameter increases.(6) convex hull property: from above properties, fitting curve certainly falls within the convex hull formed of its control points.
China Mechanical Engineering. 15 (2012) 1825~1829
China mechanical engineering, 15(15) (2004) 1354~1356

., interprets bearing properties of large diameter post-grouting filling pile, contrasts and analyzes the monitoring data obtained by optical fiber and strain gauge at the same time.
The district is mainly the quaternary alluvium and the soil geotechnical properties are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Soil physical and mechanical index Soil layer number Soil Depth (m) Bearing capacity basic allowable value [fa0] (kPa) Pile flank friction force standard value qik (kPa) Soil layer introduction ② Floury soil 15.30～18.20 200 50 The most shallow buried, structural is poorer, engineering properties of groundwater is sensitive, not as foundation bearing layer of the project ③1 Floury soil 8.40～16.80 240 70 No significant difference engineering properties, structural, not easily affected by groundwater are bearing layer can be used as a basis ③2 Silty clay 3.30～11.70 390 80 ③3 Floury soil 7.60～21.20 220 70 ③4 Silty clay 410 80 The single pile static load test was divided into six groups, one group of the piles was conducted without post-grouting, two groups were conducted post-grouting at the bottom of the pile, three groups were conducted composite grouting between the bottom of the pile and the side of the pile.
The main factors to induce the monitoring data fluctuation include the change of the pile diameter, monitoring accuracy, embedment method, construction technology and so on.
When pouring concrete, temperature changes of different depths of concrete hydration heat affected the monitoring results.

It was clear that rough surface morphology was important factor for better cell-metal interaction.
Surface topography can affect the cell migratory significantly and adhesion behavior on implant surfaces. 1.
INTRODUCTION Over the past several years titanium (Ti) and its alloys have become a focus of considerable interest as they possess unique properties relevant to implant materials application because of their good mechanical properties and biocompatibility.
Surface topography can affect the cell migratory significantly and adhesion behavior on implant surfaces.
Mabuchi, Processing and mechanical properties of autogenous titanium implants materials, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, Vol. 13 (2002) 397-401

Influence of metastable states on electrophysical properties in ferroelectric crystalline polymers V.V.
Introduction Ferroelectrics polymers based on VDF attracted the attention of researchers because of their discovery in strong piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties [1,2].
The specific properties of polymeric materials allow them to recommend the design of various power converters [1,2,3].
It is shown that at fixed value electric fields the process of polarization and the characteristics of the local piezoresponse controlled by several factors.
This leads to the observation that the piezoelectric becomes important change in geometry factor under mechanical loading of the sample ("size effect" [11,13]).

This is due to their eco-friendliness and adequate mechanical properties.
All these factors result from the production of biomass.
Also, apart from the hygrothermal properties, it is also associated with good mechanical properties [12].
A review of material properties and performance of straw bale as building material.
Pathways to successful building green retrofit projects: Causality analysis of factors affecting decision making.

Study on Fractal Elastic Damage Constitutive Law for Concrete Material under Static Load XIE Ming1, a, ZHENG Shansuo1,b 1School of Civil Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China akpxtx@163.com, bzhengshansuo@263.net Keywords: Concrete material; fractal fracture; elastic damage; multi-fractal; damage constitutive law Abstract: The stochastic properties and discreteness of macroscopic property for concrete appear on mechanical property and fracture surface.
A series of complex fracture phenomena are exhibited, as the process is affected by numerous factors such as stress state, strength of material and original faults.
The phenomena above lead to the irregularity and stochastic properties of crack propagation in fracture surface.
Fig.5 Comparison of W-M curve and experimental stress-strain for concrete stress/Mpa strain×10-6 Fitted curve Statistic curve Variance Summary The stochastik and discreteness of macroscopic performance in concrete are shown as the discreteness of mechanical property and the stochastik of fracture surface.
The same as the stochastic damage constitutive model, the fractal damage constitutive model built in this article can predict the discrete range of stress-strain relation of concrete to reflect the stochastik and discreteness of macroscopic properties reasonably.

It’s necessary to design hysteresis compensation algorithm because the hysteresis effect of piezoelectric ceramics will affect the scanning accuracy of one-dimensional piezoelectric scanner.
In the paper, we firstly establish an inverse hysteresis model based on the generalized Prandtl-Ishlinskii model which describes properties of the piezoelectric ceramic, then use particle swarm algorithm to identify the parameters of inverse hysteresis model, obtaining a triangular wave signal with inverse hysteresis to drive one-dimensional piezoelectric scanner.
Due to the influence of external mechanical structure, the hysteresis loop is different between piezoelectric scanner and single piezoelectric ceramic.
When the one-dimensional piezoelectric scanner is driven by 20Hz triangular wave voltage, we can get the relationship between the input voltage v(t) and the deflection angle w(t) from the experiment, but it’s hard to obtain the weighting factors a1, a2 and bn (generally n is 10）by parameter identification because there is no unified and effective mothod to indentify the parameters.
In this paper we use particle swarm optimization (PSO) for parameter identification process [5], to find an optimal set of weighting factor a1, a2 and bn making model simulation and experimental data closest.

The required calculated value are：tensile stress, shearing stress and the stress intensity factor of the basic-level crack.
The algorithm of the stress intensity factor is various.
When the road is under overload , road stress at the base crack become into concentration, and the cracks in the surface layer extended to the formation of cracks in the pavement reflection, and the road surface and ground water under the pavement of a variety of diseases, affecting the normal use of the road.
Evaluation of Influence of Temperature on Mechanical Property of Glassgrid and Uncertainty [J], Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2009, 26(6):45-48.
A Study of Piezoelectric Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Concrete and Plain Cement Paste During Dynamic Loading.

As the formation pressure declines the stress around borehole changes, and then collapse pressure and fracture pressure are affected.
In directional wells drilling, the wellbore stability is affected not only by formation coefficients such as stress and strength but also by drilling deviation and azimuth.
While the borehole stability is better when drilling to direction of minimum horizontal principle stress. 4) In this study the effect of stress variation on borehole stability was considered as only factor.
It is suggested that other factors such as variation of formation physical and mechanical properties should be taken account for further analysis in borehole stability of directional wells.
Mechanical mechanism of borehole instability in drilling engineering.