Search results

To produce work hardening condition, the commercially available material was homogenized to precipitate strengthening particles and then subjected to equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) at 300 °C to a true strain of ~12 via BC route and successive rolling at the same temperature to 80 pct. of thickness reduction.
Then, the ECAP-processed material was sliced to 10-mm-thick sheets which were isothermally rolled at 300 oC (573 K) for a total rolling reduction of 80%.
Vickers microhardness data were obtained by applying a load of 100 g with a dwell time of 10 s in a Wolpert 402MVD microhardness tester.

Based on the measured data, wavelet analysis was used to decompose the measured signals, and signal segments at different frequency bands were got.
The research results provide the analysis base for understanding the influence of the distance from the blast center on signals’ t-f characteristic and studying vibration resistance and vibration reduction.
This paper, based on the blasting vibration data measured in Jinduicheng Open Pit Mine, studies the blasting vibration signals’ time-frequency characteristics under different distances from blasting center using wavelet analysis and RSPWVD[6].

The Rietveld refinements of XRD data were used in FullProf software to determine crystal symmetry, lattice parameters, and space groups.
CuKα-radiation was used to record X-ray diffraction (XRD) data at 25°C between 20º ≤ 2θ ≤ 80º (Bragg angle).
A software (FullProf) was utilized for the Rietveld refinements of XRD data to determine the lattice structure and lattice parameters of the prepared samples.
The creation of tension, which limits grain boundary movement during sintering and consequently results in grain size reduction, could be ascribed to the reduction in grain size.
The Rietveld refinements of XRD data were carried out using FullProf software to ascertain the crystal symmetry, lattice parameters, and space groups of the compounds.

In order to study the variable data of the complex non-linear system, the research group made use of a mathematical model, which takes into account the parameters of the hydraulic drive, power supply system, short circuit and the electric arc [3-5].
The analysis data for one of the heats is summarized in a table where the effect of the improved system application is shown for each analyzed parameter.
Reduction of specific power consumption can be explained by reduction of the amplitude of oscillation in the process of electrode movement and by reduction of current variability.
In these conditions the direct calculation and comparison of specific power consumption for the LF using different control systems is incorrect as it cannot reflect the exact contribution of each system to reduction of power consumption because of changing technological parameters.

Research on the usage of rare earth doped glass as sensor, medical application, and optical data storage have been increasing for the past few years [1].
Glasses doped with rare earth show interesting potential application in many areas such as optical data storage, sensors, and optoelectronic devices.
The reduction of density from 2.4643 g/cm3 to 2.4348 g/cm3 might be because of the Nd2O3 occupation between 0.8 to 1.0 mol% in the free space of glass network structure, and this had led to reduction of glass structure compactness.
By decreasing alkaline oxide, the reduction of oxygen in the boron structural from BO4 to BO3 had caused in the reduction of OPD.

However, recovery data are quite scarce for commercial steel grades.
Experimental procedure An industrially produced Ti-Nb stabilized interstitial free (IF) ultra low carbon (ULC) steel, cold rolled to a final thickness of 0.8mm through a reduction of 75%, was isothermally annealed in the laboratory.
The process of the reduction in the dislocation density caused by the recovery is expected to decrease the density of pinning sites for the motion of magnetic domain walls in the matrix, which is reflected as a decrease in Hc.
The values of the a and b coefficients in Eq. 5 fitted to the experimental data of the present IF steel are plotted as a function of the annealing temperature in Fig. 5.
The increasing effect of Hc due to the decrease in the mean grain size was supposed to compensate for the reduction produced in Hc by the drop in the dislocation density during recrystallization.

It ensures the zinc oxide reduction and its sublimation at the temperature of about 1100 °C.
The possibility of the zinc sulfide carbothermal reduction by limestone with the calcium sulfide (CaS) formation was shown in [18].
Thermodynamic Analysis of the Process The Waelz process is based on the zinc oxide reduction to metal zinc using carbon-containing material by the 1 reaction.
The dosage of the components of the raw mixture was carried out in accordance with the data presented in Table 6.
Phase Chemical formula On slag crushed stone On Portland cement clinker Helenite 2CaO·SiO2·Al2O3 35.69 14.69 Calcium sulfide СаS 53.62 17.26 Diopside CaO·MgO·2SiO2 10.69 0 Calcium Olivine 2CaO·SiO2 0 21.88 Grossulyar Ca3Al2[SiO4]3 0 15.94 Mayenite 12CaO·7Al2O3 0 8.22 Larnit 2CaO·SiO2 0 22.01 The results of roasting confirmed the thermodynamic analysis data.

The data was interpreted using the work-ofindentation model, and suggests that the coating shows a considerable hardness increase compared to the bulk property of the same material, but also a moderate increase compared to the substrate.
The basis of new method rests with the investigations of the process of metal oxide reduction in various reducing mediums under impulsive mechanical activation conditions.
In particular, the intensification of the reduction process of some metal oxides in the medium of another active metal, organic solvent and hydrogen atmosphere has been reported in our earlier publications [6-7].
The data presented may be thought to constitute some representative cases of achievements to date, with highlights on some of the important practical results.
The second stage, coating deposition proper, is responsible for the in situ reduction of coating forming oxides (TiO2 and Cr2O3) leading to the formation of highly chemically active and cohesive pure metal powders and the eventual coating deposition.

Introduction Compression test data are routinely and successfully utilized to develop hot workability maps for high strength Al alloys.
It is the purpose of this study to highlight that a comparison of compressive flow stress data can further provide a basis for realizing the variations in relative hot strengths of the alloys of interest.
On the other hand, the significant reductions in the flow stresses for both the alloys at or above 400 oC, irrespective of strain rate, are evident in the Figures.
This increase in subgrain size would contribute toward the reductions in the flow stresses at temperatures ≥ 400 o C.
The very considerable reduction in the number density of the phase particles with temperature may be noted.

Global land-use change data indicated that in the past two centuries, the carbon emissions from terrestrial ecosystems accounted for the half of total CO2 released by human activities [3].
According to the related data, Houghton estimated that about 10 Pg C was net lost due to grassland ecosystem being reclaimed between 1850 and 1980.
Soil erosion is a common form of soil degradation, resulting in soil nutrients loss, especially for land productivity reduction.
Based on long-term experiment, Blevins et al. indicated that soil erosion was only 0.55 mt/hm2 on no-tillage compared to 19.79 mt/hm2 of conventional tillage, and the relative reduction was 94.5% [13].
At the Copenhagen Climate Summit, Chinese Government set the carbon emission reduction targets, and cut CO2 per unit of GDP by 40% -45% below 2005 levels by 2020.