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As biomaterial, although has specific properties, SS 316L would like be improved to extend its biocompatibility, integration with bone tissue, and mechanical properties.
They could be related to microstructure like grain refinement and severe plastic deformation [9,10] or associated with mechanical properties like hardness or compressive residual stress [9-13].
The regular steel has been utilized generally for orthopedic implant because of its superb mechanical and hostile to corrosion resistance properties.
González-Carrasco, Superficial severe plastic deformation of 316 lvm stainless steel through grit blasting: effects on its microstructure and subsurface mechanical properties, Surf.
Ibáñez, Influence of the sandblasting on the subsurface microstructure of 316LVM stainless steel: Implications on the magnetic and mechanical properties, Mater.

The influence of the coarsening treatment on the tensile properties, fatigue strength and fracture toughness of the material was discussed based on the morphology of the Si particles and the fracture process. 2.
Tensile Properties Stress-strain relations and mechanical properties obtained by the tensile tests of four kinds of specimens are shown in Fig. 4 and Table 2, respectively.
The influence of the cut-out position of the specimen on the mechanical properties is caused by the size of casting defects.
Table 2 Mechanical properties of AC4CH-T6. the primary �-Al dendrites, and the fracture surface is covered with small dimples and Si particles.
The stress intensity factor range for the initial defect causing fatigue fracture can be estimated by the following equation.

The key factors to reach 4000A output As one of the important components of the shunt excitation system, the thyristor rectifier device its single cabinet output current capacity determines the overall performance and configuration.
How to realize 4000A output needs an overall consideration of the following three factors: (1) Radiator thermal resistance.
It is well known that the air pressure is the main factor affecting the air speed.
The 3240 epoxy board has good mechanical properties in the medium temperature, good electrical performance and stability under high humidity and F class insulation temperature (155 °C), so we choose epoxy board as the isolation for the radiator.
PC board has a high light transmittance, high impact toughness and high mechanical strength, good electrical insulating properties, very good dimensional stability and heat deformation capacity, which is commonly used as shield or mask in the electrical switchgear.

The presence of atomic oxygen at internal metal-ceramic oxide interfaces significantly affects the physical properties of the interfaces which in turn affects the bulk properties of the material.
The presence of solute atoms at internal metal-oxide interfaces influences the physical properties of the interfaces and this, in turn, may affect the bulk properties [6].
The segregation of the oxygen atoms at the metal/oxide interfaces is modelled as a boundary flux q = −w12 · ψ1O + w21 · ψ2O , (2) where w12 and w21 are local transition rates which relate to the equilibrium segregation factor s = w12/w21.
The next step must be to simulate how this segregation influences for example the macroscopic mechanical properties.
Structure-Property Relationship of Metal-Ceramic Interfaces (Gordon & Breach, USA 1996)

Characteristics of floor heave of deep tunnel Floor Heave of the deep tunnel is usually rheological property, and floor rock protrudes to the roadway sustained over time.
The main factors to affect the floor heave Floor heave caused by many factors.
It is physical and mechanical parameters of surrounding rock in table 1.On the conditions of Deep rock engineering geological, with mesh and anchor cable support, three models have been built
Imposed the bottom corner anchor on both sides, affected by the mechanical effects of the bottom corner anchor, the maximum floor heave amount is reduced to 11.9cm.
The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Many factors induced floor heave of deep tunnel.

Ion exchange properties of zeolite NaA is interesting for water treatment [5].
Therefore, it can be concluded that the synthesis of zeolite NaA affected by temperature and time.
This selected composition was taken to mechanical strength test and the bending strength of 0.68 MPa was obtained.
Subotić, Chemically controlled particulate properties of zeolites: Towards the face-less particles of zeolite A. 2.
Gad, A study of the factors affecting the removal of humic acid by activated carbon prepared from biomass material.

The heat strength parameter Pc was proposed as one property of materials, and heat processing factor P as temperature-time processing parameter.
However, for the effect of temperature, stress and corrosion in service for a long-term running, the materials will progressively deteriorate, leading to the degeneration of microstructures, the weakening of mechanical properties and eventual creep damage and rupture.
Under the case of known C-value in LMP, the behavior of pearlitic heat-resistant steels at elevated temperatures can be evaluated, including microstructures, properties and the prediction of running life.
And different chemical composition and interatomic environment in heat resistant steels will affect not only bond energy and bond strength between atoms, but also the atomic vibrating frequency and C value.
Conclusions From the Larson-Miller parameter with the present determined C values (20.62 for 12Cr1MoV and 20.30 for 15CrMo), the degradation analyses of both microstructures and mechanical properties of 12Cr1MoV and 15CrMo all show good accuracy and suitability.

Nevertheless there are also disadvantages for these reinforcing methods such as complex fabrication, affecting the appearance and poor corrosion resistance.
Fig. 1 CHS T-joint reinforced with CFRP Through the uni-axial tensile test of the steel material, the material properties of the Q235B steel used in the specimens are determined, and the material properties of CFRP are obtained from Product Descriptions.
Considering the anisotropy and negligible mechanical properties in thickness of CFRP, Lamina is used to define the material, and CFRP built by shell element (S4 as analysis element) is defined as the elastic material with failure strain (3000me).
(2) Reinforcing performance of CFRP is affected by the following factors: (a) The reinforcing effect increases with the bigger b of chord.
(e) Pasting length affects the static strength of T-joint slightly.

It has been the purpose of the present work to evaluate structures and properties of dissimilar joints between Mg and Al alloys using these two solid state joining processes.
Table 1 represents typical chemical compositions and mechanical properties of alloys used.
Chemical composition and mechanical properties of Al Mg alloys Materials Chemical composition (wt %) Mg Si Cr Mn Cu Zn Fe Al AA1070 0.03 0.2 - 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.25 Bal.
AZ31B-H24 Bal. 0.05 - 0.22 0.05 1.0 0.005 3.0 Materials Mechanical properties Ultimate tensile strength (MPa) Elongation (%) Hardness (Hv) AA1070 70 43 20 AA3003 120 30 35 AA6061-T6 290 25 95 AZ31B-H24 240 15 73 Experimental conditions In MPW, the end of aluminum tube was expand to outer diameter 15 Φ and 15mm width for lap joint.
The maximum tensile strength of 179 MPa, which was about 80 % of the Mg base metal tensile strength, has been obtained, indicating that tensile properties and fracture locations of the joints were affected by the formation of intermetallic compounds References [1] Michael M.Avedesian, ASM Specialty Handbook, Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys,ASM international. 16-21 (1999) [2] J.C.

These characteristics in machining of MMCs tend to adversely affect the machined surface quality/integrity.
The driving force behind the development of these composites is their ability to produce tailored mechanical and physical properties for specific applications.
Their properties such as thermal resistance, specific strength, wear resistance, etc. can be altered by changing their fabrication techniques, volume and size of reinforcement in them.
In hot machining, an optimum machining temperature is dependent on the physical properties of work material [13].
[9] Krabacher, E.J. and Merchant, M.E., “Basic Factors in Hot-Machining of Metals”, Transactions ASME, Vol.73, 1951, pp761–776