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Online since: March 2019
Authors: Yi Wang, Song Hu, Jun Xiang, Li Mo He, Ji Hua Qiu, Ning Jiang, Guang Liao, Qiang Qiang Ren, Sheng Su, Xiao Fang Chen
After H2 reduction, the catalytic activity of Ni/AC-Ad was observed in catalytic steam reforming of toluene and then gradually decreased with the reaction time.
After the same calcination and reduction procedure as above, the Ni based catalysts with theoretical Ni loading rate of 5 wt% were prepared and denoted as Ni/AC-Im. 2.3 Catalytic steam reforming of toluene.
Ni was detected at 2θ=44.7°, 52.1° and 76.8° in both Ni/AC-Ad and Ni/AC-Im after reduction, which was consistent with the research results from Liu et al [18], indicating that Ni(II) in Ni/AC-Ad prepared under alkaline condition was converted into Ni during the reduction process.
Fig. 7 XRD pattern of Ni/AC catalysts ((a) after adsorption; (b) after reduction; (c) after catalytic reaction) Combining TEM images of the Ni/AC catalysts with distribution histogram of Ni particles (Fig. 8), the average diameters of Ni particles for each catalyst in the histogram were calculated by the statistical data from five TEM images at different magnifications), it was found that the Ni particles were better dispersed on the Ni/AC-Im than that on Ni/AC-Ad.
(2) The Ni/AC-Ad after H2 reduction was observed to have certain catalytic activity in the steam reforming of toluene which gradually decreased with the reaction time.
After the same calcination and reduction procedure as above, the Ni based catalysts with theoretical Ni loading rate of 5 wt% were prepared and denoted as Ni/AC-Im. 2.3 Catalytic steam reforming of toluene.
Ni was detected at 2θ=44.7°, 52.1° and 76.8° in both Ni/AC-Ad and Ni/AC-Im after reduction, which was consistent with the research results from Liu et al [18], indicating that Ni(II) in Ni/AC-Ad prepared under alkaline condition was converted into Ni during the reduction process.
Fig. 7 XRD pattern of Ni/AC catalysts ((a) after adsorption; (b) after reduction; (c) after catalytic reaction) Combining TEM images of the Ni/AC catalysts with distribution histogram of Ni particles (Fig. 8), the average diameters of Ni particles for each catalyst in the histogram were calculated by the statistical data from five TEM images at different magnifications), it was found that the Ni particles were better dispersed on the Ni/AC-Im than that on Ni/AC-Ad.
(2) The Ni/AC-Ad after H2 reduction was observed to have certain catalytic activity in the steam reforming of toluene which gradually decreased with the reaction time.
Online since: January 2021
Authors: Ahmed S. Amein, Abdelrahman Yehia, Mohamed Safy
Multi-sensor remote sensing data can significantly improve the interpretation and usage of large volume data sources.
This different data from platforms has become increasingly available to extract the urban features and land cover information from such data.
Data Preprocessing 3.1.1.
The characteristics of the TerraSAR-X data.
"Data fusion and multisource image classification."
This different data from platforms has become increasingly available to extract the urban features and land cover information from such data.
Data Preprocessing 3.1.1.
The characteristics of the TerraSAR-X data.
"Data fusion and multisource image classification."
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Marian Gheorghe, Cristina Elena Băișan
Sustainable Development Achievements in a Database System
BĂIȘAN Cristina-Elena a and GHEORGHE Marian b
University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
acristina.baisan@gmail.com, bmarian.gheorghe@upb.ro
Keywords: design, sustainable development, data base system.
The goal of this paper is to cover specific examples from each of these categories in a data base system, in order to point out how important is to have a holistic approach when starting a new project, with all the possible correlations and consequences, for an increased functionality.
So, there is a need for case studies, systematic structuring and awareness on various major sustainable development achievements, as well as building up a database system (Fig. 8), containing data from eco-designed simple items, as LED light bulb, to complex projects, such as London Olympic Park.
[8] JGC Corporation, Removal of carbon dioxide from natural gas: New technology enables massive cost reduction, Yokohama, available at: http://www.jgc.co.jp/en, accessed: 04.02.2014
The goal of this paper is to cover specific examples from each of these categories in a data base system, in order to point out how important is to have a holistic approach when starting a new project, with all the possible correlations and consequences, for an increased functionality.
So, there is a need for case studies, systematic structuring and awareness on various major sustainable development achievements, as well as building up a database system (Fig. 8), containing data from eco-designed simple items, as LED light bulb, to complex projects, such as London Olympic Park.
[8] JGC Corporation, Removal of carbon dioxide from natural gas: New technology enables massive cost reduction, Yokohama, available at: http://www.jgc.co.jp/en, accessed: 04.02.2014
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Yu Yan, Qiang Li
This forming process is proposed to meet the need in the weight reduction of automobiles.
Certain areas like the automotive industry have shown a demand on profiles with variable cross-sections in order to meet the demand of weight reduction.
Flexible roll forming is a new forming process, and the ultra-high-strength forming load data is not sufficient, so it is necessary to extract data from the FEM results to assist the design of the rollers and forming racks.
Theses analysis and the data of the forming loads and torques provide important references for the designing of the flexible roll forming product line.
Certain areas like the automotive industry have shown a demand on profiles with variable cross-sections in order to meet the demand of weight reduction.
Flexible roll forming is a new forming process, and the ultra-high-strength forming load data is not sufficient, so it is necessary to extract data from the FEM results to assist the design of the rollers and forming racks.
Theses analysis and the data of the forming loads and torques provide important references for the designing of the flexible roll forming product line.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Xin Wei Zheng, Jian Hua Dai
Discretization of attributes with real values is an important problem in data mining.
On the basis of classification, rough set theory looks knowledge as partition over data using equivalence relation.
However, a very large proportion of real data sets include continuous variables.
Pawlak, Rough Sets: Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Data, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, (1991)
Particle Swarm Algorithm for Minimal Attribute Reduction of Decision Data Tables.
On the basis of classification, rough set theory looks knowledge as partition over data using equivalence relation.
However, a very large proportion of real data sets include continuous variables.
Pawlak, Rough Sets: Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Data, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, (1991)
Particle Swarm Algorithm for Minimal Attribute Reduction of Decision Data Tables.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Y.O. Tkacheva, O.P. Muraviev, M.R. Sikhimbayev, B.N. Absadykov, B.S. Arymbekov
There is a sharp decrease in the influence of forces on the stress in the surface of the part of the distance to the point in question.The calculated data generated by the proposed method are highly matches with data during the experimental investigations.
Distribution of contact stresses over the contact area used in the calculations in accordance with the method of calculation as we earlier obtain this data.
Calculations of the proposed formula (3) compared well with various experimental data presented in the literature.
In particular, Fig.6 presents graphic dependences obtained on the basis of calculations by formula (3) in surface plastic deformation of the ball and the experimental data given in [2].
Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to Karaganda Metallurgical Combine administrators for allowing us to test the theory for fruitful data of results, to KBTU rector I.K.
Distribution of contact stresses over the contact area used in the calculations in accordance with the method of calculation as we earlier obtain this data.
Calculations of the proposed formula (3) compared well with various experimental data presented in the literature.
In particular, Fig.6 presents graphic dependences obtained on the basis of calculations by formula (3) in surface plastic deformation of the ball and the experimental data given in [2].
Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to Karaganda Metallurgical Combine administrators for allowing us to test the theory for fruitful data of results, to KBTU rector I.K.
Online since: September 2003
Authors: Ce Wen Nan, Y. Dai, X.M. Pei
At
present, commercial AlN powders are synthesized via either carbothermal reduction or direct
nitridation of aluminum [2-3].
Other methods have also been reported on the laboratory-scale production of AlN powders, e.g., the decomposition of organometallic compounds, the reduction and nitridation of the aluminum polynuclear complex, chemical vapor decomposition, plasma synthesis and self-propagation high-temperature synthesis [4-8].
The DTA data together with weight changes of Al/C mixture (sample J1 ) as a function of temperature are shown in Fig.4.
The initial raw material composition, i.e. the composition ratio 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 0 10 20 30 40 1399¡æ 1084¡æ 663¡æ Temperature /¡æ DSC /mW/mg 60 80 100 120 TG /% Fig. 4 Weight changes and DSC data of the sample J1 of Al/C, is the key factor to control the morphology of the nitrided products.
Other methods have also been reported on the laboratory-scale production of AlN powders, e.g., the decomposition of organometallic compounds, the reduction and nitridation of the aluminum polynuclear complex, chemical vapor decomposition, plasma synthesis and self-propagation high-temperature synthesis [4-8].
The DTA data together with weight changes of Al/C mixture (sample J1 ) as a function of temperature are shown in Fig.4.
The initial raw material composition, i.e. the composition ratio 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 0 10 20 30 40 1399¡æ 1084¡æ 663¡æ Temperature /¡æ DSC /mW/mg 60 80 100 120 TG /% Fig. 4 Weight changes and DSC data of the sample J1 of Al/C, is the key factor to control the morphology of the nitrided products.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Jun You, Tao He, Li Xiang Xu, Yu Ning Zhong
With the implementation of the strategic target of energy saving and emission reduction and the fast development of solar energy and building integrated, the production and use of solar energy collector are rapidly growing, and the growing detection requirement on the market needs to be solved urgently.
N Start the test The waiting for platform operating Y Track in real time and gather the data Switches determine The gear of test operation Other gears The exit of No Choice The exit of finishing Off-test The exit of No Choice Fig. 7, The detecting process of the control system Being different with that all states machine only have a state for waiting before, we can see that there are two states for waiting in the framework of the state machine from the state transition flow chart.
This program has many advantages, such as high sampling accuracy, fast data processing, friendly man-machine interface, simple operation.
The mobile test system for solar energy collector can largely solve the problem in the low number of detection based on weather forecast, meeting the demand of the product testing in the market, following the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction.
N Start the test The waiting for platform operating Y Track in real time and gather the data Switches determine The gear of test operation Other gears The exit of No Choice The exit of finishing Off-test The exit of No Choice Fig. 7, The detecting process of the control system Being different with that all states machine only have a state for waiting before, we can see that there are two states for waiting in the framework of the state machine from the state transition flow chart.
This program has many advantages, such as high sampling accuracy, fast data processing, friendly man-machine interface, simple operation.
The mobile test system for solar energy collector can largely solve the problem in the low number of detection based on weather forecast, meeting the demand of the product testing in the market, following the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Anton A. Gnidenko
Nanopowders of WC with grain sizes less than 100 nm became the subject of active research in recent years [2,3], due to the significant roles of grain-size reduction played in the enhancement of mechanical properties of WC-Co hard alloys.
It had been shown that the grain size reduction from about 4.8 µm for the polycrystalline cobalt to 12 nm for the nanocrystalline cobalt increased the tensile strength from 0.81 GPa to 1.86 GPa [9].
Structure Parameter Experimental data [14-17] Present calculation hex-WC a c B 2.906 [Å] 2.839 [Å] 329-443 [GPa] 2.914 [Å] 2.836 [Å] 383 [GPa] hex-Co a c B 2.507 [Å] 4.069[Å] 182 [GPa] 2.515 [Å] 4.072 [Å] 206 [GPa] Results and Discussions In our previous calculation [7] it had been shown for the (0001) and (1010) W-terminated surfaces that the bonding between the cobalt layers and the WC surface becomes much stronger at the second cobalt monolayer formation.
Thus, we received a qualitative agreement with the experimental data – thickness increasing of the cobalt layer leads to decreasing of tensile strength.
It had been shown that the grain size reduction from about 4.8 µm for the polycrystalline cobalt to 12 nm for the nanocrystalline cobalt increased the tensile strength from 0.81 GPa to 1.86 GPa [9].
Structure Parameter Experimental data [14-17] Present calculation hex-WC a c B 2.906 [Å] 2.839 [Å] 329-443 [GPa] 2.914 [Å] 2.836 [Å] 383 [GPa] hex-Co a c B 2.507 [Å] 4.069[Å] 182 [GPa] 2.515 [Å] 4.072 [Å] 206 [GPa] Results and Discussions In our previous calculation [7] it had been shown for the (0001) and (1010) W-terminated surfaces that the bonding between the cobalt layers and the WC surface becomes much stronger at the second cobalt monolayer formation.
Thus, we received a qualitative agreement with the experimental data – thickness increasing of the cobalt layer leads to decreasing of tensile strength.
High Bioelectricity Generation by Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) Inoculated Enterococcus faecium YC 201
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Li Chun Wu, Ying Chien Chung, Hsin Hui Wang, Chi Huang
Data were recorded digitally on a personal computer by the interface card (Model PCI-488 Keithley Instruments Inc.) every minute counts.
The anode medium used showed a couple of distinguishable oxidation-reduction peaks: the oxidation peak in the forward scan at -0.1 V (vs.
Ag/AgCl) and the reduction peak in the reverse scan at -0.4 V, this could be the evidence of the mediator contained in the used anode medium.
By HPLC analysis, riboflavin was suggested as possible compound (data not shown).
The anode medium used showed a couple of distinguishable oxidation-reduction peaks: the oxidation peak in the forward scan at -0.1 V (vs.
Ag/AgCl) and the reduction peak in the reverse scan at -0.4 V, this could be the evidence of the mediator contained in the used anode medium.
By HPLC analysis, riboflavin was suggested as possible compound (data not shown).