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Research of Image Segmentation Based on Iterative Threshold Lei Shao1, a, Yi Mu2,b , Peng Guo3,c , Jun Liu4,d ,Guoling Dong5,e and Hongli Liu6,f 12456 Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory & Applications in Complicated Systems Tianjin University of Technology , Tianjin, China 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury aLei.shao@tjut.edu.cn, bmuyi748153870@163.com, cpeng.guo17@gmail.com, dtop441@163.com,etakeover494@126.com, fliuhl@tju.edu.cn Keywords: Image segmentation, Iterative Threshold, Matlab, Weed Image Abstract.
Image segmentation is the key step in image recognition,the result of segmentation affects the one of recognition directly.The article introduces the concept and detailed definition of the image segmentation.
Introduction Image is a mapping of objective scenery by some system, it is often said an enrichment or generalization of the object information.Output image normally in the form of analog voltage, in order to use the computer for image processing, needs to be simulated image signal discretization, this image is digital image[1].Digital image processing in the pattern recognition process mainly includes three phases: image segmentation, feature extraction and classification.Image segmentation is the key step in image recognition, it will directly affect the results.
At present, most of the image processing, analysis and target recognition is based on gray image.Gray image segmentation is generally based on image gray scale are two basic properties: pixel gray discontinuity and similarity.Pixels in the region is generally have some similarities,but between the area and the border generally have a discontinuity[3].Use this property of image, can use iteration threshold segmentation method to extract the target.
research.Although there is a lot of research on image segmentation, there is no suitable for all image of general segmentation algorithm.Using two-dimensional gray histogram of the image, gray value distribution of pixel and its neighborhood average grey value distribution of histogram iteration threshold segmentation.The advantage is computing speed is fast and easy to implement.The experimental results show that can better identify weeds goal.Defect is difficult to deal with objects of multiple foreground.But because of using the grey value of image information and spatial neighborhood information, the effect is obviously improved than traditional methods.The emergence of the fast algorithm gives a more realistic significance.Choose suitable segmentation algorithm is still a trouble thing, because it lack of appropriate criteria.Eventually choose what kind of method, evaluation pros and cons of segmentation, should be combined with the actual situation and specific requirements, considering factors

Effect of SiO2 Solid Loading and Sintering Temperatures on the Physical Properties of SiO2-NiO Foam R.
These unique properties have attracted the attention of researchers worldwide [4,6,7].
The crystallinity level of the SiO2 powder was affected by a few factors such as burning temperature and elemental composition [18].Besides that, the silica glass phase tended to convert into the cristabolite phase with the expansion of the glassy phase which will weaken the connection of atoms in the glass network as the sintering temperature increases.
Raju, Processing and properties of macroporous silicon carbide ceramics: A review, J.
Ayub, Effects of PVA-PEG Binders System on Microstructure and Properties of Sintered Alumina, Appl.

But this information processing and transferring manner is affected by vocation, knowledge structure and understanding ability of information receivers, so the exchange is very difficult.
Construction scheme design of complex structure based on virtual reality is to build three-dimensional CAD models (virtual model) of the ambient scene, structural members and mechanical equipment in the virtual environment through the VR technology, so as to form a computer-based simulation system with a certain function, to provide the models in the system with dynamic properties, to implement virtual assembly of these models and to modify the construction scheme in the man-machine interactive visual environment according to the result of virtual assembly.
Construction of complex structures involves many factors, such as position and height of the crane, the acting point of the mooring rope, position of the storage yard for construction members, running route of the crane, hoisting route of construction members, which must be taken into account in the design of construction scheme.
If these problems are insufficiently considered, construction schedule and cost will be affected, and even an accident may occur.
The interactive property of the VR technology can be employed to modify various types of data in a real-time way, so as to compare all schemes and results.

Engineering geological properties of overburden strata of No.8 seam According to the data of boreholes,the thickness of overburden strata in studying area generally was 0-90 m, consisting of strongly to slightly weathered sandstones and mudstones.
The weathering zone was 11.95-60.02 m in thickness and 27.51 m in an average thickness.The strong-weathered zone was about 17.54 m while weak-weathered zone was about 9.97 m.In investigation and analysis of engineering geological properties of overburden strata, four major factors were considered as follows.
Table 2 Structure of overburden strata of No.8 seam Borehole Thickness of seam (m) Thickness of overburden strata(m) The pillar size is 20m The pillar size is 30m The pillar size is 40m Arenaceous rock (%) Argillaceous rock (%) Arenaceous rock (%) Argillaceous rock (%) Arenaceous rock (%) Argillaceous rock (%) W 1 6.38 20.40 70.90 29.10 / / / / W 2 8.56 49.19 84.00 16.00 83.40 16.60 81.50 18.50 W 3 2.81 22.98 91.10 8.90 / / / / W 4 5.19 56.85 95.70 4.30 82.80 17.20 87.10 12.90 W 5 4.28 13.55 91.50 8.50 / / / / Average 5.44 32.59 86.64 13.36 83.10 16.90 84.30 15.70 Mechanical properties and water physical properties of rock.
Nine groups of rock samples were taken for testing mechanical properties and water physical properties, as shown in Table 3.The results indicated that as follows: (1) No matter what the lithology,dry saturated water absorption of rock without weathering was less than 3 per cent.The type of disintegration was cracking.
Conclusions Taking Xiyi area as an example,we analyzed the influencing factors of the types and the heights of coal pillar during shallow coal seam mining under the loose aquifer.

Various mechanical tests related to human biomechanics properties and responses are simulated using the finite element method (FEM) on the implants to save time and money.
Contact location and alignment between tibia and the femoral component are the crucial factors for prediction of medial and lateral tibiofemoral contact forces.
Various mechanical tests related to human biomechanics properties and responses are simulated using the finite element method (FEM) on the implants to save time and money.
NiTi (nickel-titanium) alloy are used in artificial ligament implant because of its combination of mechanical properties that include superelaticity, shape memory and corrosion resistance [54].
Experimental measurement and modelling analysis on mechanical properties of inudostapedial joint, Biomech.

Roth, Soft magnetic properties of nanostructured vitropermalloy powdercores, IEEE Trans Magn. 46(2010) 471-472
Jana and R.Stefan, Soft magnetic properties of nanostructured vitroperm alloy powder cores, IEEE Trans Magn. 46(2010) 471-474
Cui and Z.B.Xiao, Fabrication and magnetic properties of FeCuNbSiB soft magnetic cores, Min Metall Eng. 29(2009) 95-99
Gong, Effect of the insulative materials on magnetic properties of nanocrystalline dust cores,MetallFunct Mater. 11(2004) 10-11
Choi, High frequency magnetic properties of Fe-based nanocrystalline alloy powder cores,Phys Stat Sol. 12(2007) 4100-4103

(3) One of the most important factors affecting the interface stability of dehydrated lignite was the oxygen functional groups, and relevant content should be studied further.
Comparison of physico-chemical properties of various lignites treated by mechanical thermal expression [J].
Chaffee, Physico-chemical properties of Loy Yang lignite dewatered by mechanical thermal expression [J], Fuel 84 (2005) 1940-1948
Effects of process conditions on the properties of dried product [J].
Dielectric properties of coal [J].

Heat and Temperatures in Machining: Effects and Significance Rajesh Patil1,a,Vilas Kalamkar2,b and Hari Vasudevan3,c 1Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Mukesh Patel School of Engineering,NMIMS University, Shirpur, Maharashtra- 425405 ,India 2Mechanical Engineering Department, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur,Maharashtra-440010,India 3D.J.
Understanding of Tool-workpiece interface is significant as it affects the heat moving to workpiece, tool, chip as well as tool flank wear and major machined surface characteristics.
It is important to know that the thermal conductivity and adhesion properties of cutting tool material has greatest influence on contact conditions at tool-chip interface compare to elastic constants of tool material[3].Thermal conductivity affects mean contact temperature and distribution of temperature over the interface.
Less attention is given to the tool-workpiece interface area as very few studies are available, indicating the ignorance of this vital area[3].Even for small values of flank wear most of the heat generated at tool-workpiece interface is transferred into the workpiece when flank wear becomes large heat from this source transferred to cutting tool and chip[8].This interface is significant for newer process like finish hard turning in which the presence of flank wear-land enhances cutting forces and increase in heat generation affecting part surface integrity hence objectives of development of this process[9].White layer formation an undesirable product in finish hard turning the prime factor responsible for this is tool wear, pointing the significance of understanding of heat and temperatures in the tool-workpiece interface[9].
Mechanical Engg.

It could be known that of all reinforcements in bridge deck, only the lower transverse reinforcements in tension, the upper transverse reinforcements and all the longitudinal reinforcements were under compressive stress, these reinforcements under compressive stress could be neglected in mechanical properties checking, so it was enough to study of the transverse reinforcements of lower bridge deck only.
In analysis of the mechanical properties of bridge deck impacted by the diameter and spacing of reinforcements, the sub-model was adopted.
Fig.1 Sub-model of local bridge deck Fig.2 Reinforcements of sub-model In analysis of sub-model, the mechanical properties of reinforcements and the crack condition of concrete were studied by changing the diameter and spacing of transverse reinforcements.
Conclusion The diameter and spacing of transverse reinforcement in lower of bridge deck played important roles of the mechanical behavior of bridge deck and the concrete cracking conditions.
Transverse Cracking of Concrete Bridge Decks: Effects of Design Factors[J].

Therefore, it is needed to investigate the return period and quantities of cores because these factors will directly affect the style and rhythm of production, and economic gains.
The practical way is to share the benefits and intellectual properties right via negotiation and comprise
These factors need to be highly considered when establishing evaluation models
However, the economic benefits are affected by many factors, even the disposal duty of cores.
These factors bring about great difficulties for operation of a production system.