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Experimental procedure The FSW samples used in this study were fabricated from 2024-T4 aluminum plates with nominal composition 3.8Cu-1.Mg-0.3Mn-0.1Cr-0.5Si-0.15Ti-0.1Ni-0.3Zn -0.5Fe-balance Al.
References [1] Thomas W M，Nicholas E D，Needham J C．Friction stir welding: UK, PCT / GB92/ 02203 [P].1991-10-06 [2] Magdy M.El-Rayes, Ehab A.El-Danaf.
Influence of Typical Welding Parameters Process on Fatigue Properties of Al-Li Alloy FSW Butt Joint[J].
Materials Review, 2007(11): 252 - 254 [12] Jariyaboon M, Davenport A J, Ambat R, et al.

El-Toni, S.Yin, and T.
Sato IMRAM, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan el-toni@mail.tagen.tohoku.ac.jp, shuyin@tagen.tohoku.ac.jp, tsusato@tagen.tohoku.ac.jp.
CeO2 Ce1−X 4+ CeX 3+ O2−X/2VoX/2+X/4 O2 (Vo: oxygen defect, 0al. [9] suggested that the evolution of oxygen from ceria would be depressed by doping with metal ion possessing larger ionic size to stabilize fluorite structure and/or lower valence metal ion to shift the equilibrium of Eq. (1) to the left hand side by forming oxygen defect.
El-Toni, S.
El-Toni, S.

[5] Rahman, M., et al., Nanosized nickel oxide particles and modification with poly (methyl methacrylate).
[11] Liu, L., et al., The effects of coupling agents on the properties of polyimide/nano-Al 2 O 3 three-layer hybrid films.
[14] Zhou, H.R., et al., Synthesis and characterisation of nano-alumina hybrid polyimide films.
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Ahmed and El-Kourd [1] indicated that the addition of microfines increased the shrinkage of concrete.
,et al [9] found that the compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete mixes increases up to 40% replacement of sand by stone dust.
,et al [8] studied the crushed stone waste as fine aggregate in concrete.
Norvell et al [7] studied the influence of clays and clay-Sized particles on concrete performance.
References [1] Ahmed, E. and El-Kourd, A. (1989), "Properties of Concrete Incorporating Natural and Crushed Stone Very Fine Sand", Materials Journal, American Concrete Institute, Vol. 86, No 4, July 1989, pp. 417-424

This paper performed a series of experimental investigations for high speed milling of SiCp/Al composites with different feed rates and cutting speeds, and the influence of cutting parameters on the machined surface defects of SiCp/Al composites is investigated.
El-Gallab, M.
Hung, et al.: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 48 (1995), p. 291 [8] U.A.
Dabade, et al.: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 192–193 (2007), p. 166 [9] Y.F.
Ge, et al.: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 203 (2008), p. 166

In the present study we consider the application of an approach due to Noroozi et al. [1] to the analysis of R-ratio effects in Ti-6Al-4V material, on the basis of the experimental crack growth rate data collected under the auspices of AGARD programme [2].
The present paper is devoted to re-analysis of a selection of data from this database using the recently proposed approach due to Noroozi et al. [1].
Figure 4 illustrates fits using a function of the form 0 1 el pl el fit da C dN χ γ γ χ γ κ κ κ −−   ∆   = ∆ +    ∆   (4) 1.E-11 1.E-10 1.E-09 1.E-08 1.E-07 1.E-06 1.E-05 1.E-04 1 10 100 da/ dN [m/cycle] ∆κ ∆κ ∆κ ∆κ [MPa m-1/ 2] AFCT07 AFCT08 AFCT09 AFCT10 AFCT11 AFCT12 AFCT13 CECT11 CECT12 CECT13 CECT17 Predict plastic plain strain Predict elastic plain strain R=0.0 Predict elastic plain strain R=0.7 Predict elasto-plastic fit R=0.0 Predict elasto-plastic fit R=0.7 Figure 4.
Conclusion The Noroozi et al [1] two-parameter fatigue driving force has been used for the analysis of the data from AGARD addendum report [2]using material properties of alloy Ti-6Al-4V taken from experimental cyclic dogbone sample tests.

The general reaction equation of hydrolyzation is: Al4C3+H2O → Al(OH)4 +C2H2.
Zhou, et al.: Key Eng.
Huang, et al.: Key Eng.
Zhou, et al.: Rare Metal Mater.
El-Raghy, M.W.

The 1.6 2 2.4 2.8 3.2 Photon energy [eV] 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 EL intensity L [arb.un.] 2 1 Fig. 2.
Yu.M.Altaiskii et al.: Sov.Phys.Semicond.
M.Ikeda et al.: J.Appl.Phys.
D.S.Nedzvetskii et al.: Sov.Phys.Semicond.
A.M.Strel'chuk et al.: Mater.

Zhou, et al: Acta Mater.
Lin, et al: Appl Phys Lett.
Beaven, R.Wagner, et al: Scr.
El-Raghy, M.W.
El-Raghy: J.

Al clusters of particles appears on Al coated steel during deposition.
The content (at %) of main alloys in Al-rich layer were following: Al 89.74, Cr 3.58, Fe 4.59, Mn 1.36.
[4] Brady M P, Yamamoto Y, Lu Z P, et al.
El-Mahallawy.
[19] Lin Jing, Liu Zhuang, Sun Zhi-hui, et al.