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Online since: July 2004
Authors: A. Valozhyn, P. Berczyński, E. Herko, J. Subocz
The analysis of the resulting data was undertaken using Novocontrol software, i.e. the program ORIGIN v.6.1 and WinFit v.2.9.
Conclusions The effect of the presence of C60-carbon in KAPTON is a clear reduction in dielectric permitivity εr for the entire range of temperature considered and a decrease in the dielectric loss factor tan δ at temperatures below 300 K (Fig.4).
A constant temperature of extreme tan δ and a decrease in their values along with higher fullerene contents can indicate that the additions of C60-carbon do not generate qualitative changes in the main dipole relaxation of time constant τ1; however they cause a reduction inthe main dipole relaxation volume.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Xian Kai Bao, Meng Hui Que
And we don’t expose the layer in the reconnaissance. he initial underground water level is 25m in the location reconnaissance, and didn’t measure the stable underground water level because of the mud counterfort in exploitation.The stable underground water is hidden 20m under the earth surface and is phreatic water according existing data of nearby regions.
in the equation:—The ground overload from simple work shed So:—the soil weight of the layer I row soil nailing in —the distance between the I row soil nailing and slope top —The coefficient of active earth pressure in the layer the I row in,, is the internal friction angle of the I row soil —the soil nailing cohesion of the layer the I row in Fig1 Calculation diagram (2) The reduction coefficient of active earth pressure (3) the standard tensile load values (4) tensile load design value,the important factor of the foundation pit side wall =1.0 (5) soil nailing length design ①effect length of anchoring end pulling safety coefficient =1.3,drilling diameter of the j row soil nailing=110mm —soil cohesive strength of the I layer ② free segment length , slope height H=5.5m,—height of slope top and soil nailing in I row ③ the whole soil nailing length (6) bolt diameter calculation , secondary steel of 20mm diameter , secondary
Lateral pressure (kPa) reduction coefficient standard tensile load values (kPa) tensile load design value (kPa) whole soil nailing length (m) Practical soil nailing length(m) 1 6.68 0.722 8.39 10.49 5.37 5.5 2 0.21 0.583 0.21 0.26 2.07 3 3 33.72 0.583 34.19 42.74 3.25 4 4 42.95 0.583 43.54 54.43 2.97 3 (7) interior pulling check calculation and the value is ,partial stability safety coefficient of soil nailing=1.3 (8) check calculation of stability against sliding ;so:, meets the requirements of stability against sliding
Online since: January 2015
Authors: Halina Garbacz, Andrzej Królikowski, Marta Zwolińska, Agata Sotniczuk, Krzysztof Topolski
During each of the pass the gradual reduction of the rod diameter occurs.
It should be noted that during a multi-pass extrusion (i.e. with the gradual reduction of diameter) the strain accumulated in the material increases.
Electrochemical parameters determined from the potential dynamic polarization data.
Online since: February 2016
Authors: Jacek Mendala, Krzysztof Szymański
This is significant because of the possibility of cost reduction in the area of grinding and polishing of coatings used for example as friction nodes in technical seals.
Analysis Start software was used for data registration and analysis of the coating thickness.
Highest roughness was measured in sample 4 and the greatest reduction of roughness after spraying was achieved in sample 3.
Online since: April 2005
Authors: Ferdinand Dobeš, Alena Orlová
The technique consists in an abrupt stress reduction and subsequent observation of either strain rate (if the remaining stress is kept constant) or stress (if the total elongation is kept constant) [1,2].
For a critical reduction which results in total strain rate equal to zero 0) ( S 1 SS S = −∆− + ρασσρ σ MGb bA E & , (7a) 0) ( H 1 HH H = −∆− + ρασσρ σ MGb bA E & , (7b) where E is the Hooke's modulus.
The results agree with the internal stress data as measured by the dip test technique [9], the principle of similitude makes them independent of the applied stress.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Vishal Parekh, Michael MacEwan, Chuan Nan Bai, Guang Liang, Jing Jing Wang, Eugene Shalyt
The data demonstrate 16 hours of operation under variable temperature conditions with a standard deviation of 0.0008 wt% which greatly surpasses the performance of other methods for TMAH monitoring.
TMAH and carbonate results after 1 week of storage in sealed and air-exposed bottles TMAH samples after 1 week storage TMAH measured (wt%) CO32- measured (ppm) Expected TMAH reduction due to CO2 absorption (wt%) Actual reduction (wt%) Variation of TMAH per ppm CO32- (wt%) Sealed 2.3812 11.1 0.090 0.0427 0.00015 Air-Exposed 2.3385 307.2 Monitoring of Carbonate Metrology options for carbonate include titration, ion chromatography, Total Inorganic Carbon analyses.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Marcos Flavio de Campos, Fernanda A.S. da Silva, José Adilson de Castro
Introduction Many authors have suggested the reduction of grain size as strategy for increasing coercivity of NdFeB type magnets [1,2].
However, it was noted that, when the grain size is very small, the initial magnetization curve changes considerably, with reduction of the magnetic susceptibility [1].
Thus, this demonstrates that microstructural data can be directly inferred from magnetic measurements.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Pierpaolo Carlone, Gaetano S. Palazzo
Good agreement has been found between results provided by the considered system and data obtained through conventional techniques, highlighting the potential capabilities of proposed method.
Bulk and tow permeability have been obtained applying the closed form solution proposed in [18] to experimental data.
Moreover, on the same plot the numerically evaluated normalized capacitances, calculated a posteriori according to the data provided by the experimental analysis, have been reported.
A good superimposition between the numerical and experimental variation of the normalized capacitance can be observed, evidencing, in first approximation, the correct analysis of the experimental data.
In Fig. 5 b) are reported the saturated and unsaturated flow fronts built according to data provided by dielectric measurements and by the analytical model [18].
Online since: January 2011
Authors: Hua Peng Li, Dong Wang, Jian Hui Xi, Yi Bo Li
Table 1 Components of four control subsystems of Earth pressure balance shield and their functions Subsystem Hydraulic structures Controlled variable Function Cutter head driving hydraulic system ① Bidirectional hydraulic pump ② Variable hydraulic motor Rotating speed Rotating direction ① Cutting rock ② Keeping pressure balance by being coordinated with other systems Hydraulic propulsion system ① Propulsion hydraulic cylinder ② Proportional relief valve ③ Proportional velocity regulating valve Propulsion pressure ① Overcoming the resistance encountered during shield ② Keeping pressure balance by being coordinated with other systems ③ Keeping direction Spiral delivering system ① Reduction gear ② Hydraulic motor ③ Variable hydraulic pump Exhaust quantity of soil ① Removing residual soil ② Keeping pressure balance by being coordinated with other systems Segment erection electro-hydraulic control system ① Translational hydraulic cylinder ② Hydraulic motor ③ Lifting hydraulic
Compared with measured data of Ф6340 shield machine, the conclusion is that the simulation data has similar characteristics with the real data.
(3) x13——Displacement of reducing valve spool; p16——Momentum of reducing valve spool; P27——Momentum of hydraulic cylinder piston; V21 V32——Oil volume of hydraulic; Se14——Valve spring preload reduction; Se26——The external load; k(r) ——Delivery capacity when variable pump turned a radian; AF——Area of pressure reducing valve spool end; AH1——Area of piston rodless chamber in the cylinder[m2]; AH2——Area of piston rod chamber in the cylinder[m2].
It not only develops the convenience of AMESim for mechanics modeling but also makes use of the strong data processing capability of MATLAB/Simulink.
Subsequent test data also shows that the designed system could control the propulsion speed and the propulsion pressure more better.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Leonid Lobanov, Vyacheslav Pivtorak, Viktor Savitsky, Galina Tkachuk
It is known that the application of electron speckle-interferometry for determination of residual stresses makes it possible to gather more information about the residual stress state of the object compared with the data from the resistance strain gauges, that is achieved by calculating a significantly larger amount of values of the displacements caused by the hole-drilling.
The displacements data in the second and third quadrants (Q2 and Q3) are used to determine the residual stresses σxx,1 for semicircle C1, in the first and fourth quadrants – to determine the residual stresses σxx,2 for semicircle C2 (Fig. 6).
The data of the displacements, measured in the points along the circle 2 (Fig. 7) and located at a certain distance (2.5r0) from the center of the drilled hole 1 of radius r0, are used for determination of averaged residual stresses σxx,avr.
Stresses σxx,3 are calculated using displacements data at the points of the arc 3 for every angle α between radius-vector b and axis OY (the points of the arc 3 have polar coordinates within the range from α – π/2 up to α + π/2, Fig. 7).
Thus, the use of the proposed techniques for the stress gradient analyses enabled to clarify the data about distribution of residual stresses and to identify a number of the important features.
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