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During welding the joining parts are affected by heat and force, which cause inhomogeneous microstructure and mechanical properties, furthermore stress concentrator places can form.
In case of matching condition, the evolved mechanical properties of the weld are equal or nearly the same as the base material.
It is important to note that at matching condition, the equality of all mechanical properties can be hardly achieved.
The mechanical properties of the base and the filler materials.
The results of the measurement can be significantly affected by numerous factors.

Some of the fatigue properties are also improved compared with the fiber reinforced composites, mainly the damage tolerance to low-energy impacts, an important issue in fiber reinforced composites.
The most recent application of GLARE is in the upper fuselage shell of the A380 that offers 15-30% weight savings over aluminum panels with improvement in fatigue properties, [12].
This scenario is highly conservative since it does not take advantage of the damage tolerant properties of the metals.
References [1] Martinez-Val, R. and Perez, E., Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, vol.223, n.12 (2009), 2767-2820
[8] Zaki Ahmad; “The properties and application of scandium-reinforced aluminum”; JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, vol.55, n.2, (2003) 35-39

The affected coke causes discontinuous operation in the furnace.
This changes the metallurgical and mechanical properties of the tube.
Saavedra et al. [2] suggested that there are several factors causing the coke formation such as operating loads, temperature, time, heat flow and the partial pressure of the hydrocarbon.
Fig. 4 Shows experimental transferring model of2D sketch C diffusion in gas phase state (C2H4) of the tube in the ethylene heating furnace. 3.2 Weldability prediction with Ni/Cr ratio It is widely known that when the carburization takes place, the C atom will diffuse into a matrix of the metals and cause changes in the microstructure and mechanical properties.
Conclusion The C concentration in the carburized tube was dependent on the temperature inside the tube which affected to their weldability.

Laser cladding act as a remanufacturing technology used more and more but the study of the fatigue properties of such products falls relatively behind.
The test material is Q235A steel, according to the Chinese national standard GB/T 700-2006, its chemical composition is given in Table 1 and its mechanical property is given in Table 2 by static tension experiment.
C Si Mn S P Q235A £0.22 £0.35 £1.40 £0.050 £0.045 Table 2 Mechanical properties Steel no.
Moreover, the spontaneous signal was very weak and after amplification error cannot be avoid taking into account the environmental factors.
Further work will be focused on this problem correlating with the fatigue property by statistic analysis methodology.

Besides, colorimetric properties, fastness and mechanical strength of the dyed fabrics were evaluated to indicate applicability of this dyeing process of soybean protein fibers.
(4) Fastness and mechanical property testing.
Fastness properties.
Table 4 showed fastness properties of three dyes on the soybean fibers with denatured bath and alkaline bath.
Table 4 Fastness properties of reactive dyes on soybean fibers C.I. reactive Fabric Wash fastness Rub fastness Change staining Dry Wet cotton wool red 238 Alkaline bath 4~5 4 4~5 4~5 3~4 Denatured bath 4 3~4 4 4~5 3~4 yellow206 Alkaline bath 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4 Denatured bath 4 3 4~5 4~5 3~4 blue 235 Alkaline bath 4~5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4 Denatured bath 4 4 4~5 4~5 3~4 Colorimetric properties of reactive dyes.

It can improve the hydrophilic property of polyester fabric while still maintaining the original properties of the fiber.
A Three-factor three-level orthogonal test was designed based on processing power (Po), processing time (T), pressure (Pr) of three levels in order to study how these factors affect the hydrophilicity of poyester fabric.
Through orthogonal test and range analysis, various factors of plasma treatment process and several factors of chitosan finishing are studied and the variation tendency depending on the factors are shown.
Ni,Mechanical properties of lotus fibers, Journal of Textile Research, 30 (2009) 18-21
Peng, Effects of sodium hydroxide treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of lotus fibers,Fibers and Polymers, 18(2017) 1671-1678

The presence of macrosegregation could result in different mechanical properties in the corresponding locations [5], and therefore variability in physical and mechanical properties of the final product.
Despite the fact that most of segregation phenomena can be physically explained [6], the increase in ingot sizes and the existence of a multitude of factors that could affect the macrosegregation properties make the analysis of this phenomenon more complex.
This could affect the mode of the primary solidification, austenite (γ) or ferrite (δ), which could affect in turn the quantity of alloying elements, (γ) promoting or (δ) promoting, contained in the solidifying phase.
Summary The individual alloying element chemical heterogeneity analysis is a useful way to understand the macrosegregation mechanisms and properties.
Funatani, Handbook of mechanical alloy design, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York Basel, 2004.

Optimization of Surface Roughness Based on Multi-linear Regression Model and Genetic Algorithm Pan Yongzhi1, a, Zhao Jun 2, b, Fu Xiuli1, c and Ai Xing2, d 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, China 2 School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China a yongzhi.pan@gmail.com, bzhaojun@sdu.edu.cn, cme_fuxl@ujn.edu.cn, daixing@sdu.edu.cn Keywords: helical angle; high-speed milling; surface roughness; genetic algorithm.
Introduction Surface roughness is a measure of the technological quality and a factor that greatly influences manufacturing cost, which describes the geometry of the machined surface and combined with the surface texture.
There are many parameters affecting surface roughness, such as cutting conditions, tool geometries, tool wear and material properties and so on.
Numerous investigations concerning the influences of cutting conditions, tool geometry and material properties on surface roughness have already been reported.
Summary In the high-speed milling process of 7050-7451 aluminum alloy, the axial depth-of-cut, the radial depth-of-cut and helical angle are the major factors affecting surface roughness of workpiece.

These factors must be integrated consideration during design[1].
Speaking from the most extensive meaning, the finite element model including node, unit, material properties, real constant, boundary conditions and some other characteristic parameters reflect the physical structure of frame system.
Fig.1 The CAD model of the agricultural tricycle The frame mainly adopts 16 Mn alloy steel and Q235 steel, alloy steel was used in the beam and rail of the main parts, the steel of other parts adopts Q235 steel, the mechanical characteristics of these two steel was shown in Tabel 1.
The mechanical characteristics of the tricycle frame The outer profile of frame 3415×1260×1500 The complete vehicle mass 125 kg The maximum payload 350kg Maximum speed 80km/h Maximum total mass 4800 kg Grade ability ≥10° Frame type (pipe, plate, pipe) Pedal tube type Shell63 element type was established in the Nastran, and simplified the model without affecting the accuracy of model.
The division of the element grid and the size of the element directly affect the precision of the calculation in finite element analysis.

In this study, a basic framework for the transcription of the surface of a mirror-finished die onto a metal plate by FSF is provided, and the results under various experimental conditions are shown to discuss the factors affecting surface roughness and the range of processed area of the material.
In addition, it can improve the mechanical properties of the skin of the product by compressing the surface layer of the material.
Sasahara et al.[10] have studied how to utilize the friction stirring process for burnishing from the view of improvement of the mechanical properties of a product’s skin and call it "friction stir burnishing."
Contrariwise, our study focused on surface roughness of a product rather than the improvement of the mechanical properties of the skin of a product.