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The dopant atoms can modify the band structure of graphene and open up a band-gap between the valence and conduction bands [5].
The structure of their photoelectric detectors was shown in Fig .3.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 116(2012) No.34, 18278-18283
Goswami, Graphene-MoS2 hybrid structures for multifunctional photoresponsive memory devices, J.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 116 (2012) No.48, 25415-25424.

Vittayakorn1,a 1 Materials Science Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand 10520 2 Electronics Research Center, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok Thailand 10520 3Materials Science, School of Mechanical, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA 4 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand 50200 a e-mail: naratipcmu@yahoo.com Keywords: Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics; Dielectric properties; perovskites; (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3; Bi(Zn0.5Ti0.5)O3 Abstract The binary system of (1-x)(K1/2Na1/2)NbO3-xBi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3; x = 0.0-0.30 ceramics was fabricated by conventionally mixed oxide and two-stage mixed oxide methods.
Phase development of calcined powders and the crystal structure of sintered ceramics were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD).
Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3 (BZT) is a ferroelectric, which has a Zn 2+ and Ti4+ complex on the B-site of ABO3 perovskite structure, with a tetragonal symmetry [4, 5].
The endothermic peaks, appearing at 850 o C for both methods, should be correlated to the phase transition of perovskite structure because there was no weight loss on the TGA curves.

Structures of HA was analyzed using XRD and fracture surface morphologies of bio-composite were analyzed using SEM.
Analysis and test.Crystal structure was analyzed using X-ray diffraction graph (XRD) (D8 ADVANCE, Brucker AXS, Germany) and the grain size of pure HA was calculated using Scherre formula.
When the temperature got 1423K, strong crystalline structure formed while phrase of Ca3(PO3)2 unchanged.
[10] Emilija F, Gordana R, Joerg B, et al: Materials Chemistry and Physics [J]. 103: 95-100, (2007)

The GIXRD patterns of the ZnO nanorods corresponded to the wurtzite structure.
The crystal structure of the ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXRD; Rigaku) with a Cu-Kα radiation at 50 kV applied voltage and 300 mA current.
Results and discussion The crystal structures of the as-prepared and annealed samples were analyzed by GIXRD.
From the semiconductor nature of the ZnO and its surface chemistry, we therefore successfully prepared the ZnO nanorods by the hydrothermal process with the annealing treatments for highly practical anti-microbial applications.

Constitution and Properties of g-TiAl Based Alloys Engineering g-TiAl-based alloys consist of g-TiAl (ordered face - centered tetragonal L10 structure) and a2-Ti3Al (ordered hexagonal D019 structure).
In Al-lean alloys containing Cr, Nb, Mo or W, a significant amount of β-TiAl phase with disordered bcc structure or its ordered counterpart with B2 structure is often formed.
Ductility and strength of g-TiAl based alloys are controlled by chemistry and microstructure.
Depending on alloy chemistry and microstructure, these alloys exhibit good workability, medium-to-good tensile properties (Fig. 1), tensile fracture strains in the range of 1 to 3% at room temperature and fracture toughness values in the range of 10 to 25 MPaÖm [2-3].

The collected data was then refined by the freeware GSAS (General Structure Analysis System) [13].
The Rietveld refinement by GSAS needs the input of correct crystallographic structure models, which here, listed also in Table 1, were downloaded from American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database for free.
Barnes: Structure and Performance of Cements ( Spon Press, London and New York, 2008)
Taylor: Cement Chemistry ( Thomas Telford Publishing, London, 1997)
H. de Aza, et al.: Journal of Solid State Chemistry Vol. 181 (2008), p.1744

Chongqing Electric Power College, Chongqing 400053 ; 2.Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing ,400030,) Keywords: Mesoporous, Silica, Microsphere, Methylene blue, Adsorption Abstract: Mesoporous silica microspheres (MSM) with diameter about 100 nm were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) as template agent and tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS) as silica source.
Introduction Mesoporous materials have large specific surface area, high pore volume, and good thermal and chemical stability, orderly and adjustable pore structure.
Also, it focuses on the MSM adsorption properties of methylene blue (methylene blue is one kind of basic dyes, for hemp, silk fabrics, paper dyeing and bamboo, wood coloring, ink and color lakes, and biological, bacterial organization of dyeing, etc.; formula for: C16H18ClN3S·3H2O, structure shown in Fig.2, avoiding skin and eyes contact.), and the influences of pH, temperature factors on the adsorption of methylene blue.
Fig.1 Structure of methylene blue Experiments 1.1 Instruments and reagents 78HW-1 magnetic stirrer (Jiangsu Zhongda Instrument Plant), a pHS-3C precision pH meter, resistance furnace temperature controller (Shanghai East Star Building Materials Test Equipment Co., Ltd.), T6 in the new century UV - visible spectrophotometer (Beijing Purkinje General Instrument Co, Ltd.).
Comprehensive Study of Surface Chemistry of MCM-41 Using 29Si CP/MAS NMR, FTIR, Pyridine-TPD, and TGA[J].

Preparation and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Poly(2,3-dimethylaniline) Grafted Reduced Graphene Oxide Guang-ai Zhu, Yan-mao Donga and Jia-xuan Li Suzhou University of Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Engineering, 1 Kerui Road, Suzhou, JS 215009, China adongyanmao@163.com Keywords: GO; 2,3-dimethylaniline; NLO Abstract.
Morphology and structure of the sample’s was analyzed using high resolution scanning electron microscope and FEI Quanta FEG 200 high resolution scanning electron microscope (HRSEM) FEI quanta high resolution transmission electron microscope.
Morphology and Structure.
So the resultant hybrid structure will transfer crystal lattice vibrations more rapidly and leads to enhance optical limiting effect.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2012, 116(37): 19699-708

School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia 2 Forest Research Institute of Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia 3 Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor 4 Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science North Jeddah Centre King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia aarniza@usm.my, bm.ridzuanhafiz@yahoo.com, cwanrosli@usm.my, dbaharin@usm.my, erushdan@frim.gov.my, fissam@science.upm.edu.my, gtanweerakhan@gmail.com, hzakhan2@kau.edu.sa Keywords: EFB, nano-fibrils, fines, thin layer nano-fiber web, TN-webs.
Besides fines, internal and external fibrillation of fibres had increased exposure of the internal fibre structures and these also provide areas of contact with water, besides increasing the possibility of such entanglement as in Fig 1.
In this regard, long structures such as split vessels are liable for the interruption of fiber-fiber bonding due to the risk of entanglement or agglomeration, which adds the count of over-sized structures [20].
The more often fluffy (Fig 1a), rather than linear structures (Fig. 1c) provide bonding sites besides by filling snugly into the fibre web micro-voids.
Cellulose Chemistry and Technology, 43(7-8) (2009) 329-336

The morphology and phase structure of films was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively.
It can be seen that both of the films deposited from water bath and alcohol bath have the basic chalcopyrite crystal structure.
This shift was due to the fact that the lattice parameters, d-spacings, decreased as Ga was substituted for In in the structure [11].
Dean: Lange's Handbook of Chemistry (1999) (15th ed