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Online since: October 2014
Authors: Gelu Coman, Cristian Iosifescu, Valeriu Damian
The temperatures measured on the skating rink surface using thermocouples is impossible due to the larger diameter of the thermocouple bulb compared with the air- water surfaces thickness.
Fig.4 Temperature distribution at τ = 120 min Fig.5 Temperature distribution at τ = 180 min Initialized parameters in the mathematical model were: water temperature on the skating track tw = 10 °C , air temperature at the water free surface tair = 10 °C , temperature of the refrigerating agent inside the pipe tr = -10 °C, convection coefficient in the pipe a = 550 W/m2K, air convection coefficient on water surface a = 15 W/m2K, heat flow rate on the track foundation board q = 10 W/m2.
Thus, for the X and –Y directions we have a steep temperature decrease, and on Y direction a slower decrease due to the water surface convective heat flow.
One advantage of using ThermaCam Researcher Professional 2.8 software is that the temperature can be measured in specific points (SP1, SP2,…., SP5), or along a line which intersects several areas (LI 01) The points and line were placed on the study area so that their positions correspond to points coordinates on the numerical simulation model geometry (Fig.7) .
After the complete solidification of water, temperature differences drop, showing a decreasing cooling load and a stable operation of the refrigeration system.
Fig.4 Temperature distribution at τ = 120 min Fig.5 Temperature distribution at τ = 180 min Initialized parameters in the mathematical model were: water temperature on the skating track tw = 10 °C , air temperature at the water free surface tair = 10 °C , temperature of the refrigerating agent inside the pipe tr = -10 °C, convection coefficient in the pipe a = 550 W/m2K, air convection coefficient on water surface a = 15 W/m2K, heat flow rate on the track foundation board q = 10 W/m2.
Thus, for the X and –Y directions we have a steep temperature decrease, and on Y direction a slower decrease due to the water surface convective heat flow.
One advantage of using ThermaCam Researcher Professional 2.8 software is that the temperature can be measured in specific points (SP1, SP2,…., SP5), or along a line which intersects several areas (LI 01) The points and line were placed on the study area so that their positions correspond to points coordinates on the numerical simulation model geometry (Fig.7) .
After the complete solidification of water, temperature differences drop, showing a decreasing cooling load and a stable operation of the refrigeration system.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Ying Li, Jing Zhou, Jian Rong Yang
Disposal Status and Recycle Policy of Construction Waste
Ying Li a , JianRong Yang , Jing Zhouc
Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment
(Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
a liy@bucea.edu.cn , c 247420322@qq.com
Key word: construction waste; dispose status; recycle
Abstract: With development of economy in our country, buildings update rapidly and construction waste increases sharply, which destroyed city appearance and eco-environmental pollution severely.
Recycling rates of construction waste is low, most cities haven’t professional recovery institutions
Forbid landfill of recyclable construction waste, determine construction waste must be separate collection and piled-up, discharge units should equip treatment facilities or pay higher disposal fees to commission professional organization to dispose or use its construction waste.
Acknowledgements The Specific research of Beijing Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture “Construction of new rural environment in Beijing and the sustainable use of resources”(100705403);Science and Technology Plan of Beijing Education Committee on Projects “Beijing Urban Ecological Research Evaluation Capacity”(KM201010016014); Scientific project soft science research project of Ministry Construction in 2008 “synthetic evaluation method on Beijing urbanization biocapacity”(2008-R2-4); Beijing Academic Innovation Group in Urban Stormwater System and Water Environmental Eco-Technologies (PHR201106124) Reference [1] Yang Dezhi, Zhang Xiong.
Recycling rates of construction waste is low, most cities haven’t professional recovery institutions
Forbid landfill of recyclable construction waste, determine construction waste must be separate collection and piled-up, discharge units should equip treatment facilities or pay higher disposal fees to commission professional organization to dispose or use its construction waste.
Acknowledgements The Specific research of Beijing Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture “Construction of new rural environment in Beijing and the sustainable use of resources”(100705403);Science and Technology Plan of Beijing Education Committee on Projects “Beijing Urban Ecological Research Evaluation Capacity”(KM201010016014); Scientific project soft science research project of Ministry Construction in 2008 “synthetic evaluation method on Beijing urbanization biocapacity”(2008-R2-4); Beijing Academic Innovation Group in Urban Stormwater System and Water Environmental Eco-Technologies (PHR201106124) Reference [1] Yang Dezhi, Zhang Xiong.
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Hui Min Cui
At present, the humus generation technology, water treatment technology, soilless culture technology, provides the technical support for indoor greening.
So, not simply by their sense of smell, must be with the help of professional equipment by professional analysis.
Photo catalytic oxidation is in the light, on the surface of the catalyst oxidizing the organic compounds into carbon dioxide and water, removal of organic gases.
So, not simply by their sense of smell, must be with the help of professional equipment by professional analysis.
Photo catalytic oxidation is in the light, on the surface of the catalyst oxidizing the organic compounds into carbon dioxide and water, removal of organic gases.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Andrzej Romanski, Wiktoria Ratuszek, Janusz Konstanty
Introduction
Over the past years cobalt has been the most valued matrix metal in professional sintered diamond tools, such as saw blades, wire saws, core drills and grinding wheels used for cutting, drilling and shaping natural stone, concrete and ceramics.
Although cobalt and its substitutes are still used for professional tools, the recent trend is towards a broader application of inexpensive, premixed [5,6,7] and mechanically alloyed iron-base powders [8].
Spongy (carbon reduced) iron, water atomised tin-bronze, milled ferromanganese, carbonyl nickel and synthetic graphite powders were provided by Höganäs AB, ECKA, ESAB, Vale and Timcal, respectively, and used as the starting powders (Fig 1).
The as-consolidated specimens were first tested for density using the water displacement method.
Although cobalt and its substitutes are still used for professional tools, the recent trend is towards a broader application of inexpensive, premixed [5,6,7] and mechanically alloyed iron-base powders [8].
Spongy (carbon reduced) iron, water atomised tin-bronze, milled ferromanganese, carbonyl nickel and synthetic graphite powders were provided by Höganäs AB, ECKA, ESAB, Vale and Timcal, respectively, and used as the starting powders (Fig 1).
The as-consolidated specimens were first tested for density using the water displacement method.
Online since: May 2025
Authors: Iulian Ştefan, Ionel Baloșin, Marius Criveanu, Constantin Florescu
In order to avoid sinking the ship, its driver decided to run aground in order to intervene to evacuate water from the engine room and plug the water hole.
Water hole board port CM, view from outside [10] Fig. 9.
The operational and professional intervention of the crew led to avoiding major pollution, given the amount of cargo transported and the impact it would have had in case of a sinking. [5] Fig. 10.
It must be possible to keep oil waters from exploitation on board.
The consequences of water pollution are felt not only at the level of the flowing waters where the discharge of pollutants takes place, but also hundreds of kilometers from the place of leakage, because the waters of rivers, rivers can infest large areas, finally reaching sea level.
Water hole board port CM, view from outside [10] Fig. 9.
The operational and professional intervention of the crew led to avoiding major pollution, given the amount of cargo transported and the impact it would have had in case of a sinking. [5] Fig. 10.
It must be possible to keep oil waters from exploitation on board.
The consequences of water pollution are felt not only at the level of the flowing waters where the discharge of pollutants takes place, but also hundreds of kilometers from the place of leakage, because the waters of rivers, rivers can infest large areas, finally reaching sea level.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Bo Song, Fu Qiang Qi
How to design the offshore engineering and guarantee the engineering structures safe operation is still a challenge and problem to engineering professionals.
Simplified calculation model of seismic analysis of sea ice, a pier and water Ice load is one of the important loads of pier structure design in icy water and the influence of ice load on seismic responses of bridge pier is remarkable.
Dynamic response analysis of the bridge pier involves structure-ice-water interaction, and the simplified mass-spring model is an efficient calculation model to analyze the seismic responses of the bridge pier surrounded by sea ice.
Fig.3 The ice force model Fig.4 The relationship of penetration depth and ice thickness Nonlinear seismic response analysis of bridge pier A single-column pier of a simply-supported RC bridge locates in icy water.
The depth of water is 14m and the depth of the pier is 26m.
Simplified calculation model of seismic analysis of sea ice, a pier and water Ice load is one of the important loads of pier structure design in icy water and the influence of ice load on seismic responses of bridge pier is remarkable.
Dynamic response analysis of the bridge pier involves structure-ice-water interaction, and the simplified mass-spring model is an efficient calculation model to analyze the seismic responses of the bridge pier surrounded by sea ice.
Fig.3 The ice force model Fig.4 The relationship of penetration depth and ice thickness Nonlinear seismic response analysis of bridge pier A single-column pier of a simply-supported RC bridge locates in icy water.
The depth of water is 14m and the depth of the pier is 26m.
Online since: October 2006
Authors: Duncan A. Broughton, P.F. Towndrow, W.G. Slater, R.P. Awbery, Jonathan S. Joy, K.J. Bartram, C.J. Parkes, J. Wade, D.M. Grant
Because of its
affinity for water, lithium hydride is handled under ultra-dry conditions, in argon or nitrogen filled
glove boxes.
A major concern is the exothermic reaction with water, Eq. 1.
All lithium hydride development is undertaken by professional chemists and larger shapes produced by less qualified staff who undergo regular training.
Here a vigorous reaction with crystalline material and water occurs producing very hot caustic solution.
Self-combustion of hydrogen is possible with fine powder and water and this can result in a spread of material.
A major concern is the exothermic reaction with water, Eq. 1.
All lithium hydride development is undertaken by professional chemists and larger shapes produced by less qualified staff who undergo regular training.
Here a vigorous reaction with crystalline material and water occurs producing very hot caustic solution.
Self-combustion of hydrogen is possible with fine powder and water and this can result in a spread of material.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Aurea Lucia Georgi Vendramin, Carlos Itsuo Yamamoto, Samuel N. Souza Melegari
Assumes significant importance in studies of heatstroke buildings, aiming to guide the professionals through the process of architectural design, preliminary study and detail of construction elements.
In Brazil, the potential wealth of water meant that production systems of electrical energy in operation, were based essentially by hydroelectric plants, the latter with its potential water running out over the time.
In Brazil, the potential wealth of water meant that production systems of electrical energy in operation, were based essentially by hydroelectric plants, the latter with its potential water running out over the time.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Dong Qin Chen
Research Status
Since the 1970s, the United States Tennessee Valley Authority using GIS technology to process and analyze a variety of watershed data, provide decision services for watershed management and planning, GIS had been used in hydrology and water resources management.
A research team of the University of Utah using GIS technology to areas bordering Mexico and the United States carried out an environmental impact assessment, the establishment of surface water and groundwater pollution path model, and has resulted in the economic development of the region by GIS spatial analysis functions (such as buffer analysis) environmental impact analyzes; HECHANSHENG comprehensive evaluation of the impact of non-point source pollution of river water quality MICHIGAN CASS State GRASS software in support of the next; VENTURA, such as the use of GIS for urban non-point source pollution were analyzed and evaluated, combined with land use distribution type of control measures to provide basis for decision making.
BASINS full advantage of recent developments in software, database technology and computer functions, and using Arc View GIS software as integrated watershed data to the entire United States, watershed analysis and water analysis software to unify, to provide users with an easy-to-understand , the point source and non-point source watershed management tool to unify. [1] Institutions in some European countries to jointly develop a decision support system for watershed planning process simulation with hydrology, water pollution control, water resources planning and other functions / WATERWARE0, the system utilization of GIS, database, simulation, optimization procedures and expert systems function.
Another combination of GIS and environmental models provide a more efficient and professional handling capabilities.
The results of environmental monitoring will bring a qualitative leap, not only that, if combined with a professional environment model in environmental pollution forecasting, simulation, and emergency and other aspects will also improve the performance of the three-dimensional form of the model, improve operational efficiency model, making management analysis of environmental monitoring data more quickly, real and effective.
A research team of the University of Utah using GIS technology to areas bordering Mexico and the United States carried out an environmental impact assessment, the establishment of surface water and groundwater pollution path model, and has resulted in the economic development of the region by GIS spatial analysis functions (such as buffer analysis) environmental impact analyzes; HECHANSHENG comprehensive evaluation of the impact of non-point source pollution of river water quality MICHIGAN CASS State GRASS software in support of the next; VENTURA, such as the use of GIS for urban non-point source pollution were analyzed and evaluated, combined with land use distribution type of control measures to provide basis for decision making.
BASINS full advantage of recent developments in software, database technology and computer functions, and using Arc View GIS software as integrated watershed data to the entire United States, watershed analysis and water analysis software to unify, to provide users with an easy-to-understand , the point source and non-point source watershed management tool to unify. [1] Institutions in some European countries to jointly develop a decision support system for watershed planning process simulation with hydrology, water pollution control, water resources planning and other functions / WATERWARE0, the system utilization of GIS, database, simulation, optimization procedures and expert systems function.
Another combination of GIS and environmental models provide a more efficient and professional handling capabilities.
The results of environmental monitoring will bring a qualitative leap, not only that, if combined with a professional environment model in environmental pollution forecasting, simulation, and emergency and other aspects will also improve the performance of the three-dimensional form of the model, improve operational efficiency model, making management analysis of environmental monitoring data more quickly, real and effective.
Online since: November 2014
Authors: Wang Ping Zhou, Li Li Wang
Generally, only firefighters and professional rescue teams are allowed to conduct rescue.
But for fire, smoke and other complex conditions, even the professional firefighters cannot make the optimal rescue activity in the first time easily.
(3)Emergency rescue for major toxic and harmful liquid leakage accidents Major toxic and harmful liquid leakage accidents include the accidents with the direct leakage of toxic and harmful liquids and pollution accidents with the firefighting waste water in the gas leakage or fire explosion accidents overflowing into the natural water.
The traditional water sample test may adopt the point test to estimate the pollution situation of the whole area, which has the certain limitation and one-sidedness.
The multispectral image is generated through the multispectral imager of the system, intuitively and comprehensively monitoring the environment quality conditions of surface water and providing the thematic maps of information on water eutrophication, water bloom, water transparency, suspended solid and pollution conditions of outlets to achieve the goal of detecting the water quality pollutants.
But for fire, smoke and other complex conditions, even the professional firefighters cannot make the optimal rescue activity in the first time easily.
(3)Emergency rescue for major toxic and harmful liquid leakage accidents Major toxic and harmful liquid leakage accidents include the accidents with the direct leakage of toxic and harmful liquids and pollution accidents with the firefighting waste water in the gas leakage or fire explosion accidents overflowing into the natural water.
The traditional water sample test may adopt the point test to estimate the pollution situation of the whole area, which has the certain limitation and one-sidedness.
The multispectral image is generated through the multispectral imager of the system, intuitively and comprehensively monitoring the environment quality conditions of surface water and providing the thematic maps of information on water eutrophication, water bloom, water transparency, suspended solid and pollution conditions of outlets to achieve the goal of detecting the water quality pollutants.