Search results

For the axially-loaded steel column, according to the methods recommended in [9, 10], it is possible to find the value of the buckling coefficient j and determine the critical temperature under the working load Nw, by calculating the bearing capacity reduction factor γT: , (1) where AK – cross-sectional area of ​​the column; RS – ultimate strength of steel.
Then, according to [9], it is possible to find the stress reduction factors with an eccentric columnar deflection jВ.
Substituting these values ​​into (1) and calculating the bearing capacity reduction factors γT, one can determine the critical temperatures for various values ​​of eccentricities er by [10].
Data analysis Table 1 shows that during an explosion, the deformation of an 8-meter steel column, which does not cause a loss of bearing capacity, nevertheless leads to a decrease in its critical temperature by 150–200 °C.
That is, the deformation of a steel column at explosion even without damage of a flame-retardant coat will lead to a significant reduction in its resistance to fire.

The steady-shear data were obtained in controlled shear rate mode over a shear rate range of 0-300 s-1 (up and down flow curve were obtained).
According to the Fig.4, a reduction of water absorption occurs for small dosages of geopolymer; however this tendency is reversed as the dosage of geopolymer increases.
These results are in accordance with the values of hardened density and open porosity obtained, with allows concluding that geopolymer-based grouts contribute to the reduction of water absorption, which is beneficial in injection grouts since water is often present in old stone masonry buildings.
Despite this, as the amount of geopolymer present in the grout is increased above 50%, a reduction of the yield stress and consistency values was observed; 2) It was found that the increase in the concentration of geopolymer has a positive effect on the mechanical strength.
Moreover, the grout GEO 20 and GEO 50 revealed no bleeding due to their reduced setting time; this behaviour can be explained with the faster polymerization rate when the dosage of NHL is high; 5) The presence of geopolymer causes a reduction of the water absorption by capillarity and open porosity when compared to reference grout (made with only NHL).

The urban land scale expanding in essence is the land use change process from the state of nature or artificial management of the natural state (eg, agriculture) to urban construction land by anthropogenic changing the arrangements, activities and corresponding measures on the land [6].The building will inevitably lead to a dramatic reduction of natural soil resources in peri-urban areas, and will be inevitable occurrence of surface confined, which ensure the land basic support functions, but result in reduction of carbon absorption and storage capacity per unit area (Shochat et al., 2006; Xu et al., 2007;Grimm et al., 2008)[7].Research has shown that one hectare of agricultural land converted to land for construction will increase carbon emissions of 149.8 times, while one hectare of forest land converted to building land, the number will be 929[8].On the other hander ,manual management, heat island effect and relatively low concentrations of ozone in the urban may cause the individual
Therefore, in order to ensure urban development, in the case of the inevitable expansion of city size ,raising the afforestation rate of urban land and use of monoclonal plant production capabilities will compensate for the vegetation cover reduction the negative effects on certain extent. 2.2 Urban Land Use Type and Carbon Emissions Urban land use not only lower carbon sink function due to airtight surface cover, but also increase carbon emissions and impact on the climatic change arising out of the buildings on different types of land and corresponding human activities.
By re-using of land, to improve land productivity, and increase in land carbon sequestration.(4) to promote land economical and intensive utilization, and reduce energy inputs per unit of land area; To reduce or avoid waste of resources and pollution emissions[10].These are source control measures on the low-carbon land use , which is namely land reduction. 3.2 Maintain a Reasonable Land Use Structure Low-carbon-oriented land-use structures need to control the excessive growth of the construction land and excessive downward trend of the agricultural land, woodland, wetlands, and to increase carbon sequestration.
The eco-industrial parks is constructed by Industrial clusters to form the industrial ecosystem, to avoid redundant construction, reducing the waste of land, to achieve the reduction of land resources.
Home-Work Separation in the Context of Institutional and Spatial Transformation in Urban Chian: Evidence from Beijing Household Survey Data,Urban Studies,2009,16(9):110-117 [14] Li Qiang, Li Xiao-lin.

Thus, these appear to be the most promising materials for applications aimed at the reduction of vibrations.
The IF and E data for the Ni49Ti51 alloy va+(hd) are shown in Fig. 2.
The relaxation parameters of this peak are in good agreement with high temperature diffusion data for H as discussed in ref
The temperature dependence of damping in the H-free material is consistent with other data in the literature [17].
Namely, no indication of this transition is provided by the DSC data.

The data are well described by a two-band/two-gap model for a superconductor in the dirty limit.
The annealing in vacuum leads to the emergence of superconductivity (see [3] for details), and the optimal reduction corresponds to the minimum resistivity and the maximum temperature of SC transition Tc = 21.8K.
For an interpretation of our experimental data we explore theoretical considerations about temperature dependence of the upper critical field in two-gap dirty superconductor [10].
Inset: experimental data for Nd1.84Ce0.16Cu04+δ , solid line is a guide for eyes (after [4,5]).
On Fig. 3a we show the fit of the two-band theoretical equation (1) to Hc2(T) experimental data with fitting parameters listed in Table I for optimally reduced Nd1.86Ce0.14CuO4 sample.

A new mathematic model was developed and tested against the actual operation data.
Compared between simulation and factory data Equipment name and number Technical specification Simulation (New model) Simulation (Literature model [7]) Actual data Absorber N-DC102 Top temperature[℃] 20.84 22 20 Bottom temperature[℃] 41.25 41 42 Top pressure [Mpa] 0. 995 0.955 0. 995 Bottom pressure[Mpa] 1.074 1.060 1.0735 Acid concentration[wt %] 59.7 63.1 60.1 NOx in tail gas[ppm] 152.1 148 155 The result was compared with the factory data.
When pressure was increased to 11atm, the concentration was essentially the same and reduction of NOx emission was also slow.

The new procedure, entirely developed in the APDL programming language, has been tested with a holed plate subject to two different load conditions; the obtained results are promising in terms of mass reduction and structural performances.
Usually, common convergence constraints are related to the structure mass reduction, the tensile strength of the material or the maximum value of the displacement.
A further interesting development could be related to a different data processing of the elements strain energy tables of the single load steps.

The analysis of the slip data of various dense pastes of rigid particles reveals that the apparent slip layer thickness is related to the particle concentration and the pipe diameter.
According to the measured flow equation (5) to (8), take a set of τω in Figure 4, and get three sets data (350,365,372) of the three diameters.
That is in 1/R and 4v/R coordinate system, get three group data, and each group has three points (1/R,4v/R) of three diameters.
Conclusions Based on the above experimental data and the analysis of curves, we can draw the following conclusions: (1) The wall slip phenomenon exists in the coal slurry flowing in the pipelines
(4)The coal wall slip can produce resistance reduction effect, and is proportional with τω.

Furthermore, experimentally obtained data of material behavior is known to serve as the most relevant data in the mentioned design procedure.
The engineering design process requires a lot of data and appropriate calculations.
Numerical structure analysis and experimental data contribute to the successful design.
Data from Prior Research Material under consideration.
Table 1. 20MnCr5 steel and S275JR steel- data related to mechanical properties.

A digital car model was taken as study object, and the influence of the regulating seam to an open type automobile wind tunnel was discussed by comparing simulation results with test data.The results show that the regulating seam changes the flow field around the collector, reduces the size of unsteady flow field and the flow in test section is uniformed better.
This conclusion will provide theoretical basis and data support for better virtual reproduction and numerical simulation of a wind tunnel.
In order to make up the limited data of automotive wind tunnel, virtual wind tunnel based on CFD is used to describe the inner flow field accurately.
Aerodynamic drag reduction of van based on underbody skirt.