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Then, from the aspects of technology properties and technical performance, profound comparison is made between copper-clad steel and traditional conductors.
Last but not least, in order to analyze objectively, the paper based on a real 500kV substation to discuss from the point of economic properties.
This paper mainly focus on three aspects respectively: technology properties, technical performance, economic properties etc to make a profound comparison between copper-clad steel and traditional grounding conductors.
When the conductor temperature exceeds a certain value, then natural cooling in the soil, the mechanical properties of conductor will dramatically decline.
(3) Seen from economic properties, galvanized steel has lowest price for one time cost, but its subsequent investment is enormous.

The corresponding material properties are summarized in Table 1 and are modeled having an isotropic behavior [7,8,12,13].
Normal stresses, either tensile or compression, will be analyzed to evaluate the strength of implant material, its safety factors and the rate of healing.
Thus, plastic deformation will not definitely arise, and all safety factors have positive value.
Their performance from a viewpoint of material strength, safety factors and healing rate are analyzed.
Zdero, Biomechanical properties of an intact , injured , repaired , and healed femur : An experimental and computational study, J.

The properties of the experimental soils are presented in Table 1, including mineralogy of X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, the grain size distribution and other basic soil properties.
Dry clay soils and clay soil with non-polar fluids do not have plasticity properties [4].
These factors lead to the decrease in Atterberg limits.
The physical properties of the fluid such as viscosity would influence the liquid limit [5].
Although mechanical factors of soil not really changed, but a "pseudo-viscosity" caused by crude oil enhance plasticity and make flowing difficult, result decreasing in plastic limit, increasing in liquid limit, and the plasticity index increased corresponding.

In Section 1, a brief overview of the main degradation mechanisms affecting masonry structures is given.
Microalgal growth facilitated by a suitable combination of dampness, warmth, light and substrate properties, extensively affects the aesthetics of building façades.
Self-cleaning properties are investigated by carrying out a photo-degradation test of stains deposited on the stone surface.
Processes that lead to the production of superhydrophobic surfaces, including etching, lithography, self-assembly, chemical vapour deposition and sol–gel methods, have the disadvantage of being laborious and multistage; these factors prevent their large scale application.
It was shown that these properties were not influenced by the titania nanocoating without UV exposure.

Especially, the mechanical properties of Si3N4-based ceramic have been enhanced by adding the second phase (TiC, SiC, TiN, etc.) in the form of whiskers or ultrafine particles, and obvious improvement has been achieved [7,8].
However, the improvement of mechanical properties does not necessarily mean the better wear performance of Si3N4-based ceramics [9].
Experimental The chemical composition and mechanical properties of ceramic tools are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Composition and mechanical properties of ceramic cutting tool materials Tool materials Composition (wt %) Mechanical properties Si3N4 TiC additives Flexural strength Fracture toughness Vickers hardness Micro Nano Micro Nano Al2O3 Y2O3 (Mpa) (MPa·m1/2) (Gpa) Si3N4/TiC 60 7 25 3 3 2 925 7.2 16.9 SNM88 Sialon ( Shanghai institute of ceramics) >600 6.5 16 Cutting conditions and insert geometry are shown in Table 2.
These factors cause the cutting force to drop.

The centreline cooling curve, together with the die temperature and the thermodynamic properties of the alloy are then used as inputs to compute the solution to the Stefan problem of a moving phase boundary, thereby providing the through-thickness cooling curves at each chosen location of the casting.
In order to predict mechanical properties, it is critical to determine the skin thickness or area fraction of that region.
In the current study, these factors were obtained from simulation results.
The literature confirms [6] that the IHTC is affected by alloy composition, pressure, initial die temperature, superheat, geometry of mold and die materials.
Sharifi et al, “Process-structure-property correlations for HPDC AM60B” TMS (2015 )Pages 351-356

The success of dental implants is influenced by several biomechanical factors such as loading type, used material properties, shape and geometry of implants, quality and quantity of bone around implants, surgical method, lack of rapid and proper implant surface's integration with the jaw bone, etc.
In this regard, in an article, Boggan et al. [12] in 1999 discussed the impact of design factors such as platform diameter and implant connection height on the mechanical strength and decent quality of the fixture and abutment interface.
One of the most important factors in implant placement in the jawbone depends on the factors that affect the joint.
Kern "Implant–abutment interface design affects fatigue and fracture strength of implants." 
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, (2020)

Introduction As the latest development of rare earth permanent magnet materials, NdFeB magnetic materials have been widely used in modern industry because of their excellent magnetic properties.
The powder yield is the main factor that affects the coating thickness, and the relation between the powder and the coating thickness is measured in the experiment, as shown in Fig. 11.
Effects of Dy and Nb on the magnetic properties and corrosion resistance of sintered NdFeB [J].
Corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of pulseelectrodeposited Ni–TiO 2 composite coating for sintered NdFeB magnet[J].
Structure, corrosion, and hardness properties of Ti/Almultilayers coated on NdFeB by magnetron sputtering[J].

The factors contributing to raw soil construction’s bleak prospect are that architect rarely focus on the rammed earth buildings and lack of people to participate in construction system.
The randomness of materials selection The mechanical properties of rammed earth wall mainly affected by the composition, chemical constitution, particle size distribution and physical properties of the earth.
An other example, if some leaves and seeds mixed with the raw earth used in rammed walls, it will affect the strength and stability of the walls.
However, under current condition, these three factors are all scarce, especially for the appropriate techniques and specialized design.
The factors contributing to raw soil constructions’bleak prospect are that architect rarely focus on the rammed earth buildings and lack of people to participate in construction system.Architect and engineer should pain more attention to raw soil buildings.

Damages to boilers may be caused by numerous factors.
Among the most important the following may be found [4, 5, 6, 7, 8].: mechanical damages, uniform corrosion, electrochemical and pitting corrosion, the loss of mechanical strength, the loss of material plastic properties.
Small amount of sulfur (Fig.9) does not influence in this case materials properties.
A very important factor affecting the initialization of the pitting corrosion process are non-metallic inclusions.
Zagorski Corrosion and electrochemical properties of the steel of exploited oil tanks in bottom water, Materials Science, N 1, pp.126-132 (2008)