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Online since: August 2013
Authors: Xiao Ming Hu, Qiang Liu
The form and structure of a building not only depend on the designer's subjective factors, but also depend on the actual and various objective factors: including the application of the building, form and requirements; the surrounding environment and concrete requirements of department of city planning; need to consider the economic inputs, select appropriate materials and construction techniques, besides, a building's form and structure will be affected by the tastes of different investors and users and different local historical and cultural tradition.
In fact, as the social development, there are more and more complex factors that can influence the design thinking.
Therefore, architectural design can be seen as the architect seeking the best balance in the complex network composed of various factors.
The necessary conditions for the birth of a good work is to achieve the most reasonable value on the whole after considering all factors rather than emphasizing a factor and overlooking other factors.
Facing of the complex network of architectural design, the architects must adopt the scientific methodology of complexity science: not only have profound understanding of the various properties of parts, but also grasp the overall macro level integrated; thinking logically thinking as well as non-logically.
Online since: October 2016
Authors: Senthil Padmavathy, R. Vijayakumar, N. Nagasundaram, S. Nandhakumar
Factors which influence the surface roughness are the machining parameters such as feed, cutting speed and tool nose radius, depth of cut and cutting tool and work piece material.
They optimized the cutting parameters and also examined the parameters affecting the machining characteristics.
The properties were tested according to the specified standards.
Mechanical properties of AISI 310 steel Material properties AISI 310 steel Density 7750 Kg/m3 Tensile strength 515Mpa Yield strength 205 Mpa Rockwell hardness 95 Temperature resist Upto 1150oC The three different input parameters with two levels were designed in 2-level Box- Beheken method.
Random order of machining is to avoid noise factors accumulation or domination at one point or over a range of period.
Online since: August 2018
Authors: Peng Liu, Xiao Dong Xu, Ding Yuan Tang, Jia Lin Gao, Jian Zhang
Ideal properties of ZnSe material should have low optical scatter and absorption, high optical uniformity, high thermal shock resistance [7].However, in practical applications, it’s limited by the poor mechanical properties and unstable fabricate process.
Generally, the ceramic have better performance of the mechanical properties than the polycrystal or single crystal in a same material, and it’s been proved that Cr2+:ZnSe transparent ceramics with suitable optical properties can be prepared by hot pressing.
As the ZnSe ceramic is sintered from ZnSe powder, the properties of sintered ceramic are affected bythe quality of powder remarkably.
Thus, powder treatment is a key process which could be one of the most important factor to the final properties of ZnSe ceramic [11].
The chief factors of generate scattering centers are nanopores.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Janusz Pobędza, Andrzej Sobczyk
Properties of High Pressure Water Hydraulic Components with Modern Coatings Janusz Pobędzaa, Andrzej Sobczykb Institute of Machine Design, Cracow University of Technology, al.
Cylinder friction force is varied and depends on few factors like: cylinder velocity, pressure and temperature.
The first stage of research was dedicated to determine properties of singular cartridge valve 2-URES-6 installed in two way body.
The use of water reduces pressure losses by half, positively affecting energy efficiency of the high pressure water hydraulic system.
Covering the inside surface of the cylinder and the piston and piston rod surface confirms the protective properties of novel coatings against corrosion of steel parts, together with acceptable values of hydro-mechanical efficiency, not different from characteristics of oil actuators.
Online since: April 2016
Authors: Li Yuan Yu, Bo Zhu, Xun Cai, Yong Wei Wang, Rong Huan Han, Yong Wei Li
Polymer has very extensive applicationboth in chemical fields and in daily life,but due to its poor surface hydrophilicity and wear resistance, the further application of polymer materials were limited.In order to improve its surface properties, modification are needed on the surface of the polymer.Polymer surface modification means to operate on the surface of polymer within the scope of nanometer level, and give some new properties on material surface,such as hydrophilicity, scratch resistance, under the premise of without affecting the material ontic properties.
In order to improve their surface activity and bonding property, to surface modification are usually needed.
Discussed the dosage of initiator, reaction temperature, monomer concentration, monomer type and a variety of factors on the influence of process.
Irradiation treatments Crosslinkingin the material surface by irradiation can improve the using temperature, and improve the mechanical properties.Such as F - 30 has lower melting point (230℃~ 250℃), and its mechanical strength is poor in 200℃,by irradiating above the glass transition temperature, we can make the leading effect of irradiation cracking backed up to irradiation cross dominant effect.
Atomic force microscopy probe shock method The smooth and small area on the Nano-sized polymer surface can be formed by using atomic force microscope probe vibration, and it play an important role in the improvement on the properties of polymer micro friction.
Online since: March 2013
Authors: Xin Yan Shao, Xue Fang Huang
Statistical parameter for different loads of load combination Types of load Permanent load Office live load Live load of residence Wind load Mean value 1.060 0.700 0.859 0.999 Coefficient of variation 0.070 0.290 0.233 0.193 To obtain the uncertain factors about calculation model, the ratio of measured value over calculated value for the bearing capacity of members is needed, and then the mean value and variation coefficient can be calculated and mean value of uncertain factors about calculation model (µKP) and variation coefficient (δKP) can be finally obtained.
Table 3 list the uncertain factors about calculation model of cold-formed thin-wall steel structure under axial compression, flexure, eccentric compression condition.
Since the members studied in this paper have superior mechanical property, the failure is defined as ductile failure and the value of [β] is 3.2.
Journal of Chongqing architectural engineering institute . 1985(1): 36~41 [3] Guoxin Dai, Longchun Li, Zhenzhong Xia etc. building structural steels new material properties statistics and analysis of .
The Calculation of The Residual Stresses Affecting The Whole Stability of The axil Center Pressure Bar of Thin-Wall Shaped Steel .
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Qing Fang Ma, Chao Wei Hao, Jiang Li, Zheng Wang, Jiang Xiong Jiang
The influence of masterbatch’s content and spinning technologies on the properties of FDY fibers with porous superfine-denier is also particularly discussed.
Nowadays, superfine fibers have attracted more and more attentions from peoples for its occupying the special properties, and the research on the superfine fibers is developing quickly [1].
As shown in table 1, when the content of the LiCl is 0.04% (wt/wt %), the spinning process is the most successful and the properties of the fibers are the best.
Figure 2 The morphology of superfine-denier fiber (A) and normal fiber (B) Table 1 The influence of masterbatch on the mechanical properties of Nylon 6 FDY fiber In addition to the influence of rare-earth content on the spinning process, other parameters, such as the spinning temperature, oiling agent concentration, quenching unit and spinning speed, etc., could affect the spinning process and the fiber properties as well.
Table 2 The process parameters of superfine-denier Nylon 6 FDY fiber Conclusions The preparative and applied technologies are the key factor for producing the porous superfine-denier Nylon 6 FDY(22dtex/35f).
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Mohammad A. Younes, S.K. Elmenshawy, Hassan El-Hofy
Ceramics have exceptional mechanical and chemical properties such as high hardness, low ductility, high wear resistance, low specific weight, and high compression strength even at high temperatures [2].
Table 1 shows the experimental parameters affecting the EDM process.
Based on available literature, three significant process variables (factors) were considered in this study.
Table 1: Experimental factors and their levels Factors Levels Fixed Process Parameters Applied discharge voltage(V) 90 Dielectric fluid Kerosene Workpiece material Al2O3 based ceramic Workpiece polarity Negative Electrode material Copper Electrode Positive Variable Process Parameters Pulse current (A) 1.5, 3 Pulse - off time (µs) 6, 12, 25 Pulse - on time (µs) 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 Experimental measurements included; measurement of initial and final part weight and machining time.
The most significant factor affecting D, MRR and Ra is the pulse current. 4.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Zhen Hai Wei, Meng Shu Wang, Ding Li Zhang
It is found that the full state function can more comprehensively reflect the properties of the structural material.
The elastic properties of the materials mainly refer to the properties and characteristics of the materials when the morphology of the material remains unchanged.
However, the plastic properties of material in the macroscopic sense are the manifestation of the properties of material in the process from one structural state to another.
In the classical elastic-plastic theory, the methods describing the plastic properties are mainly divided into strength theory and constitutive relation.
The structure of the material will change when influenced by environmental factors, that is, it will shift from one structural state into another.
Online since: October 2002
Authors: Jean-Hubert Schmitt
The main required properties are then : creep, thermal fatigue, and oxidation resistance.
Some Properties of the Niobium Ferritic Steels.
Austenitic Stainless Steel for Structural Automotive Applications Required Mechanical Properties.
The above description of mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels points out that various grades can be chosen to fit to the design requirements.
It allows to obtain a good compromise between high mechanical properties and a greater life time in severe conditions.
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