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Effect of Grain Growth Inhibitor on the wear of ultrafine cemented carbide cutting inserts Jianbing Cheng1,2,a, Siqin Pang1,b, Xibin Wang1,c and Qixun Yu 1,d 1Key Laboratory of Fundmental Science for Advanced Machining, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China 2School of Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China achengjb@th.btbu.edu.cn, bpangsq@bit.edu.cn, ccutting0@bit.edu.cn, dyuqx2003@bit.edu.cn Keywords: Superalloy; Low pressure sintering; Tool life; Inhibitor; Adhesive wear.
Because a large amount of cutting heat is generated by cutting metal deformation and the friction between the tool and the workpiece in cutting process, the cutting zone temperature rises quickly, violent wear will be produced between the tool rake and chip as well as the flank face and workpiece, the wear resistance is the result of comprehensive effect of the mechanical properties of cemented carbide at high temperature.
At present, research of grain growth inhibitors are mainly concentrated in mechanical properties of ultrafine cemented carbides, but the effect on the friction and wear properties of ultrafine cemented carbide cutting inserts is rarely.
At first, Stoichiometric amounts of the raw materials, i.e. microscale WO2.9, Co3O4 and carbon black, were weighed based on the composition of WC-10wt.% Co composite powder, then raw materials were divided into two groups according to the requirements of material properties, one group of adding grain growth inhibitor (mass fraction of 0.2%VC − 0.8%Cr3C2), another group without grain growth inhibitor, the ultrafine  WC-10wt.% composite powder was synthesized by using vacuum in situ reduction and carburization reactions[5-7], the composite powder composite powder molding into flan of cutting inserts under the pressure of 150MPa. 
In general, there are many factors affecting cutting inserts wear, the cutting speed is the most significant factor affecting cutting inserts wear and tool life when the work piece material and cutting insert material as well as insert geometry are selected.

Thomas et al. [6] report of mechanical properties of electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy sheet.
The mechanical properties of SEBM produced Ti-6Al-4V is shown in Table 2.
For the development different factors are taken into account.
First of all, the mechanical properties of the sheet metal as well as the additive parts are considered.
Mechanical properties of composite parts To evaluate the mechanical properties of composite parts two parameters are defined.

Natural and artificial wooden mineralization leads to mineral particles deposition which positively affects certain properties.
The evaluation of mechanical properties is rather rare [4].
The resulting values are also affected by other factors (wood density, the occurrence of early or late wood and inhomogeneity etc.).
These factors have resulted in lower values of determination coefficient especially in those cases where the curve is interleaved with a greater number of values.
Babiak, Štruktúra a vlastnosti dreva (Structure and properties of wood), PRÍRODA, Bratislava, 1997

TVOC as indicator, four main factors in this experiment are: mixture ratio of urea-formaldehyde resin and polyvinyl acetate emulsion adhesive, amount of spread, hot-pressing time and temperature.
Table 1 Value level of various factors factors level 1 2 3 A UF:PVAc 50:50 80:20 60:40 B Amount of spread(g/m2） 100 120 140 C Hot-pressing time（min） 3 4 5 D hot-pressing temperature（°C） 100 110 120 Hot-pressing temperature has an obvious impact on TVOC emission.
Therefore, it will decrease the TVOC concentration of veneered wood-based panel to reduce resin content, while little resin content will decline the peeling strength and affect the surface properties of veneered wood-based panel.
Effect of velocity of flow on TVOC emission characters Fig.4 shows the time-dependent curve chart of TVOC concentration of coating under different flowing velocity in environment box. 0.02m/s 0.04m/s TV O C （ ¦ Ìg/ m ）3 The mixture ratio Amount of Hot-pressing Hot-pressing of glue spread time temperature Time(h) Fig.3 Visual analysis diagram of factors Fig.4 Effect of velocity of flow on rule of and indicators affecting trends finishing coat TVOC emission Generally speaking, TVOC emissions from paint abide by indicator law, so we could divide emissions data into two parts to analyze.
Relationship between the Formula and Properties of Coating and VOC [J].

While Hooke's law is the foundation for the mathematical modeling, drill site conditions such as ground formation, borehole design and drilling process will be defining the factors and parameters in the formula.
Considering the influence of deviated pipe thickness and the use coupling joints, it is applicable to adjust the value of operational factors along with proper drill string parameters [2]. 2.
All this will affect the accuracy of the calculation.
Therefore, we will not go into details in this article about how to decide these two factors.
The K-factor is related to the characteristics of the drill string, such as pipe specifications, material standard and mechanical properties, which can generally be determined by calculation in advance [4].

It has excellent mechanical properties which made it commonly used in automotive industry and construction of aircraft parts such as wing, fuselage and etc.
Adhesion wear strongly affected intermediate conditions by welding chips into fractures of chipping wear and unexpectedly increased tool life at 250m/min and 0.1 mm/rev.
A Comparative Study on the Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Al 6061 Alloy and the MMC Al 6061/TiB2/12p.
Met, Some factors affecting wear on cemented carbide tools, Inst.
[5] Joseph R.Davis et al, Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials,Volume 2,Metals Handbook ,10th Edition 1990

This paper analyzes Influence factors of handling techniques.
Influence factors of handling techniques Earthworm species.
The reason is that compared with quartz sand ceramsite developped microporous, a larger surface area, easy microbial adhesion and density which makes the filter bed with a high dissolved oxygen, high permeability and high steady state, thermal insulation properties and easy to clear and be more suitable for growth and reproduction of earthworms and microorganisms, thereby enhance the performance of the removal.
Hydraulic loading directly affects moisture content of filter materials through the action of hydraulic scour, thus affects the living environment of earthworms, furthermore affects the treatment efficiency of sewage.
The treatment technology has many influence factors, such as earthworm species, temperature, filtering media and hydraulic loading.

Experimental results using the proposed control strategy show better performance and robust properties than the ordinary Fuzzy-PID.
Since Fr is affected by various factors such as wheel friction, vehicle velocity, vehicle load and also other friction, it is regarded as random disturbance in the actual project.
It is used to analyze the dependencies among the properties of the information decision system and the necessity of a data value without a priori knowledge.
V is the property values.
In order to protect the control system hardware and mechanical properties of the vehicle, two limit switches are installed at both sides of the front wheels.

The results showed that the nanoparticle was exactly ZnO with wurtzite type crystalline structure and the size of nanoparticles is strongly affected by the ratio of water to surfactant(R).
Nano-sized materials exhibit novel and significant mechanical, electronic, magnetic and optical properties in comparison with their bulk counterparts [1-4].
However this method was affected by many factors, such as precipitation agent, pH, temperature and solution concentration, hence the process is difficult to be control.
The TEM showed that the size of nanoparticles was strongly affected by the ratio of water to surfactant(R) value.

For this reason the problem of accelerating manufacture the ceramic molds with advanced physical and mechanical properties is important.
The process is cycled, unlike usual methods it provides the higher degree of GM cladding evenness at smaller CA consumption due to the following factors: – the extend of the working face CA with the GM particles as a result of its feeding in the form of spray; – the absence of "crushing" loads between GM particles in the liquid state, which lead to delamination of the CA film; – every CA spray worked-out GM particle's committing oscillatory and rotating modes, providing even bleeding CA over all the GM particle surface.
Besides, developed technology contributes to improving the physical and mechanical properties of ceramic molds.
Herewith, there were estimated physical and mechanical properties of the given molds, and there was also studied the kinetics of the ceramic coating layers freezing.
In Table 2 there can be seen the studying results of physical and mechanical properties of ceramic samples, and in Figure 3 there is represented the micro structure of the molds with the use of clad stucco.