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The new improved layout will provide a reduction of distance, cost and cross-traffic to have an efficient production layout.
The data collection fields including P (Product), Q (Quality), R (Routing), S (Supporting), and T (Time) should be considered to ensure the validity of input data.
Flow Process Chart Table 2.Total travelling distance and closeness rating Departments Distance (m) Closeness Rating Departments Distance (m) Closeness Rating Departments Distance (m) Closeness Rating A - C 272 I F - G 474.5 E J - N 152 I A - X 618 E G - U 265 I J - L 2835 A C - D 344 I G - T 860.75 A L - R 1650 A C - U 297 I G - N 188 I L - N 117 I C - X 85.75 I G - L 3430 A L - M 665 E D - E 514.5 E G - I 864 A M - U 499 E D - F 745.5 E H - U 436 E M - Q 8417.5 A D - H 1008 A N - R 122 I O - V 464 I D - N 552.5 E H - N 93.75 I O - U 88 E D - U 340 I H - J 445.25 E O - S 147.2 I E - U 375 E H- I 455 E R - U 329 I E - R 162.5 I I - U 383 E R - T 1036.8 A E - N 129 I I - R 434 E S - X 112.2 I E - I 812 E I - N 96 I T - V 688 E F - U 411 E I - J 621 E U - V 138 I F - N 114 I J - U 299 I Total 35184.95 F - I 644 E J - T 954.25 A Based on these data, the relationship of each activity is depicted in Figure 3.
The estimation of cost reduction begins with the calculation of the travelling cost per one meter unit.

Speculating this phenomenon these fluids can be easily integrated in mechanical structures as dumpers, brakes, valves, liquid crystal displays and noise reduction mechanisms (Fig. 1 – a), [5, 6, 7].
This resistive force is measured as a torque at a certain speed; as a reduction in speed for a specific torque or both, [8, 9, 10, 11].
All data were recorded into a measurement sheet as in Table 1 and the results were analysed form plots of measured current and angular velocity.
In the next experiments this dependency must be measured and token into account when the data are interpreted.
Rani, Viscosity of Liquids Theory, Estimation, Experiment, and Data, Springer, (2007) [12] C.

Table 1 The parameters involved in the model Parameter Symbol Value Source bacteria radius b 1μm measured wire radius a 25μm measured wire saturated magnetization Ms 1.3×106 A m-1 [12] fluid magnetic susceptibility χf 5×10-5 m3 kg-1 [12] magnetic intensity H0 200~1200 Gs measured fluid viscosity μ 1.01×10-3 Pa·s [12] permeability of vacuum μ0 4π×10-7 N A-2 constant filling ratio 1-ε0 2.45×10-5 measured loss constant g 1~2 [9] critical trapping angle θ0 17.6° [13] magnetic susceptibility χp 1.01×10-3 m3 kg-1 [13] flow velocity u0 0.5~5 mm s-1 measured initial concentration C0 0.05~0.5 g L-1 measured Model verification The accuracy of the model could be examined by the comparison between the experimental data (Exp.) and the calculated results (Cal.) under different magnetic intensity, initial concentration and velocity.
It revealed the rise of velocity led to the reduction of magnetic separation efficiency.
In summary, by the comparison between experimental results and simulated data in Fig.1-3, the two sets of data well accorded with each other, which indicated the reliability of the model.
Consequently the magnetic intensity near the metal wire surface after the trapping process was much weaker and so was the magnetic force to the particles, leading the reduction of the separation efficiency.

Data Acquisition Acquisition Set Up.
As an example of the ultrasonic measurements Figs 6 to 8 shows the sound speed reduction along the beam axis, with the number of stages applied.
Sound speed reduction precedes final collapse of each beam and can be dealt with as a warning of oncoming structure failure.
When failure occurs, the damage parameter Ω is equal to one and Eq. (5) becomes: ∑= = + k i i m i 2 1Na1mC 1 )( (6) where the constants C2 and m have to be found from experimental data.
Test Design, Implementation and Data Acquisition (ECOEST/PECO Project, LNEC/C3ES Report, 99/97, May 1997)

Introduction High-precision thermophysical property data of liquid metals are of scientific as well as technical importance.
Furthermore it is possible to undercool the liquid metals below their solidus temperature due to the reduction of heterogeneous seed-nucleation - measurements in the undercooled state are possible.
Schematic drawing of a 1g - FFT-spectrum (FFT-Amplitude vs. oscillation frequencies) conditions on earth Video camera CCD 1550°C Pumping unit Gas supply Data acquisition Pyrometer vacuum chamber T-t.
The reduction in (dσ / dT) is even more drastic.
Wunderlich et al.: High-precision thermophysical data of liquid metals for modelling of industrial solidification processes: ThermoLab Final Report (2003) [2] Lord Rayleigh : Proc.

CO2 hydrates have comparatively moderate thermodynamic formation conditions, which is of increasing significance to human society as carbon reduction and sequestration are themes of rising interest[3, 4].
Figure 1(a) showed the phase condition testing system, consisting of a small-scale reactor with the inner volume of 0.949 L, a refrigeration system and a data acquisition system manufactured by National Instruments.
Judging from the relevant thermodynamic data of previous studies[14], we presumed that both hydrates and ice formed in the experimental conditions.
However, pressure reduction slowed down in reactions below 0 ℃ due to the ice formation competing with hydrates for space.
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2014, 59: 2630-2633

The achievement of noise reduction is better and the installation of plates is more user-friendly than that of the membranes.
Roughly speaking, there is quite good agreement between the numerical simulations and experimental data.
Figure 4(b) shows the experimental data for 3CF tows on PMI foam which successfully shows that there are three peaks and the stopband f2/f1=2.5 (dimensional frequency f *=210Hz to 510Hz).
The experimental results roughly agree with the data from the numerical simulation for two-plate silencer using CF reinforced PMI foam.
Technical note: noise reduction in an exhaust stack of a papermill.

Fig.1 XRD patterns of the BiOCl synthesized for 4h (T-1), 6h (T-2), 8h (T-3), 10h (T-4); Vertical bars below the patterns represent the standard diffraction data from JCPDS file for BiOCl (06-0249); SEM images (b, c), TEM image (d), HRTEM image (e) and SAED (inset in(e)) of sample T-3 Results and Discussion Effect of solvothermal time.
It also can be seen from Fig.2b that all the samples show the high photocatalytic degradation of MO solution, which might be attributed to a direction reduction of azo-bond of MO for the strong reduction ability of BiOCl.
Fig.2 Absorption profiles of MO against irradition time (a); degradation rate of MO over various BiOCl samples under UV light illumination(b) Fig.3 XRD patterns of the BiOCl synthesized at 110 ºC (T-3), 130 ºC (K-2), 150ºC(K-3) ; Vertical bars below the patterns represent the standard diffraction data from JCPDS file for BiOCl (06-0249) (a); degradation rate of MO over various BiOCl samples under UV light illumination Effect of solvothermal temperature.
Vertical bars below the patterns represent the standard diffraction data from JCPDS file for BiOCl (06-0249) (a); degradation rate of MO over various BiOCl samples under UV light illumination Conclusion In summary, BiOCl with hierarchical flower-like nanostructure was successfully synthesized.

Introduction Economic concerns and government regulations are forcing the automotive industries to push the limits in the design of their vehicles for weight reduction and cost reduction; while maintaining/improving structural integrity and crash performance.
Nevertheless, low formability of these blanks has been addressed by many researchers [5, 6] Xue et al. [7], regarding the tensile test data for base material and tailor welded blanks, indicated that the strength difference and weld line location play important roles on low formability of TWBs.
The data obtained during simulations was loaded in postprocessor software for measurements.
The remaining 1.1476% is attributable to deviations from the model, which may be due to other factors, to measurement error, or to a failure of the current model to fit the data adequately.

Vulnerability assessment and reduction are important measures to improve aircraft’s survivability.
The newest manned and unmanned combat aircraft of America, such as F/A-18E/F, F/A-22, V-22, F-35, “Global Hawk”, “Predator”, etc, have adopt survivability-strengthen/vulnerability-reduction measures in the initial research phase[1-3].
Vulnerability Analysis Model The basic goal of vulnerability modeling is to describe the geometry characteristics, physical characteristics and kill modes, etc., of the whole aircraft and its components by a series of models or data.
(0º, 90º)attack direction (90º, 0º)attack direction (a) Hitting velocity=1000m/s (0º, 90º)attack direction (90º, 0º)attack direction (b) Hitting velocity=1800m/s Fig.4 Aircraft kill probability Iso-contour, with fire/explosion suppression measures The aircraft vulnerability data before and after adopting tank fire/explosion suppression measures are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Aircraft Vulnerability data before and after adopting tank fire/explosion suppression measures Fuel tankstate Hitting velocity (m/s) Vulnerable area(m2) Kill probability (0º, 90º) (90º, 0º) (0º, 90º) (90º, 0º) No measures 1000 28.16 11.02 0.2126 0.2800 1800 38.26 14.48 0.2888 0.3678 Fire/explosion suppression 1000 17.05 8.61 0.1287 0.2188 1800 19.11 10.30 0.1443 0.2616 Summary The whole aircraft vulnerability model of one aircraft is constructed by CATIA software, and the vulnerability of the aircraft before and after adopting fire/explosion suppression measures are analyzed.