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The resistance of each effective conductive path, the number of effective conductive path and average effective cross-sectional area of the insulating film between the adjacent conductive particles are key factors of the piezoresistivity.
They found that carbon black concentration has great effects on the relation between uniaxial pressure and the electrical resistance of the composite and the electrical resistance of effective of a single effective conductive path and the number of effective conductive path(s) are two key factors of the piezoresistivity.
The properties of carbon black are presented in Table 1.
Mechanical stirring along with ultrasonic vibration was also used for particle dispersion.
Table 1 Properties of carbon black Type Average diameter (nm) Apparent density (g/cm3) Specific surface area (m2/g) Resistivity (Ωcm) ECP-CB-1 30~40 0.07~0.08 1000~ 1100 0.2~ 0.6 Fig.1 Schematic diagram of experimental system Results and discussion Fig.2 shows the curve of the applied strain with time.

The key factors of process parameters influence the drawing were analyzed.
DeCastro[9] researched the influence of die angle on the drawing force and the mechanical properties of the final product during the single pass or multiple passes drawing.
The deformation extent of the MSGCT in the multi-pass drawing process affects the drawing force directly.
By investigating the corresponding forming mechanism, the key factors of process parameters influence the drawing elongation were analyzed.
Varma: Materials Science & Engineering A (Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing) 1991, A141, L1 [9] A Decastro, H B Campos and P R Cetlin.: J Mater Process Tech Vol.60(1996), p 179-182 [10]F.HERINGHAUS, D.RAABE, G.

The luminescence properties of the prepared glasses was found to be strongly affected by varying the concentration of Er3+ ions. 1.
However, high concentration of RE ions resulting for it to cluster and subsequently influence the local environment of RE and optical properties of glass host [4].
The role of Er3+ ions in modifying the optical and luminescence properties was understood.
It is important to look at the optical properties regarding Judd-Ofelt (JO) parameters.
Reddy,Judd–Ofelt analysis and photoluminescence properties of RE3+(RE= Er & Nd): Cadmium lithium boro tellurite glasses.

The rock mass weathering characteristics Weathered rock is mainly affected by topography, lithology, structure, groundwater and other factors,Grading of the weathering degree of rock mass in the slope can be simply divided into strongly ~ moderately weathered, weathering forms are mainly dominated by area.
But the slope toe outcropped granite, under the condition of slope toe was excavated two groups, affected by the failure phenomenon, the wedge sliding. affected by the surface structure of the two groups, there has been sliding wedge failure phenomena.
In the strength reduction method, safety factor of slope stability is defined as: While the slope just reaches the critical failure state, the degree reduce on rock soil shear strength, that safety factor is defined as ratio of the actual shear strength of rock soil and the shear strength after reduction when happens critical failure.Points of strength reduction method is using type 1, type 2 to adjust the strength indicators and of rock and soil ( in the type, is cohesive force after the reduction, is friction angle after the reduction, is reduction factor), then make numerical analysis for the slope stability, continuously increase the reduction factor, calculate repeatedly, until it reaches the critical damage, the reduction factor is the factor of safety.
Table 1 Mechanical properties of granite indicators recommended values Project The recommended value of strongly weathered granite The recommended value of weathered granite Natural density (KN/m3) 23.3 25.5 Shear wave velocity (m/s) 587 1230 The internal friction angle (degrees) 32 40 Cohesion (kPa) 30 45 Poisson's ratio 0.36 0.25 The softening coefficient 0.56 0.87 This paper adopts the fast Lagrange difference algorithm, uses Mohr Kulun constitutive model, puts convergence in numerical calculation as a criterion of instability, to make calculation of fast Lagrange finite difference.
Even taking into account the unfavorable loading factors on the slope, the slope stability is also no problem.

The Zn-coated/carbon steel pipe failures are caused by the amounts and types of corrosive soil factors [9].
Among these soil properties, the chemical and environmental characteristics are mostly investigated in a study of soil corrosion [12, 13].
Rajani, Modeling pipe deterioration using soil properties- an application of Fuzzy Logic Expert system, Pipeline Eng.
Li, Factors affecting corrosion of buried cast iron pipes, J.
Yunarto, Relationship between soil engineering properties and corrosion rate in Andesitic volcanic soils, West Lampung, Sumatra, Indonesia, Jurnal Teknologi (Sci.

The roles of many material parameters which affect the size effects, such as grain sizes, Young’s modulus, twin/matrix lamellar structures aspect ratio and volume fraction, as well as the plastic strain hardening exponent, are presented.
For the potential applications of this electrodeposited pure Cu with excellent mechanical properties, there have been many researches on the deformation mechanism of the electro-deposited Cu with twin/matrix lamellar microstructure recently [2, 3, 4].
The results of previous researches have shown that twin/matrix lamellar microstructure presented in the Cu grain directly effects materials mechanic properties and especially the spacing of two twin boundaries plane (i.e. the twin lamellar spacing) plays an important roles in the yielding and hardening of materials.
where is the Nye-factor to reflect the effect of crystallography on the distribution of GNDs and is around 1.90 for face-centered-cubic (fcc) polycrystals.
Considering the properties of material microstructures, a simplified axisymmetric cell computational model is proposed as shown in Fig.2.

Recent research results showed that the addition of non-metallic second phase particles such as oxides, borides and carbides could remarkably improve mechanical properties and wear resistance of metal matrix composites[1-5].
The addition of rare-earth (RE) in metal materials has multi-functions, such as purification, modification and alloying, thus can improve a series of properties of metal materials.
Bouchoucha et al. [8] indicated that the friction coefficient was essentially affected by the mechanical properties of the formed oxide films on the sliding surfaces.
The wear of Cu- La2O3 composites was determined by mechanical wear.
The wear of the composites was mainly affected by mechanical wear when the electrical current is low.

Extensive research is being conducted all over the world in order to comprehend microstructural and textural changes occur during such interventions and how they affect the material properties [20-23].
Presence of MC carbides in grain boundaries has impact on mechanical and tribological properties of an alloy.
Wei, Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of hot isostatic pressure bonded CM 247 LC superalloy cast, Mater.
Zhou, CNT-reinforced AlSi10Mg composite by selective laser melting: microstructural and mechanical properties, Mater.
Shklover, Texture anisotropy in microstructure and mechanical properties of IN738LC alloy processed by selective laser melting (SLM), Mater.

The evaluation of the adequacy of the proposed model for cutting force components is carried out on the basis of a specially conducted experimental research of the profile turning process with direct measurement of forces at different levels of varying technological factors.
Thus, the developed dependences of the coordinate components of cutting forces on technological factors (parameters of cutting conditions, strength properties of the processed material, deformation properties of the technological system, etc.) allow using them for the practical application of machining error models in the matrix theory of multitool machining accuracy.
In this case, the position of the OA line already takes into account chip friction on the front surface of the tool, since the angle β1 is now determined experimentally usually by the chip shrinkage factor by the amount already affected by chip friction on the front surface of the tool.
Then: σ=σiπ23, (5) In turn, the intensity of stress si is determined by the properties of a particular material to provide a particular resistance to large plastic deformation flows (characteristic for cutting) through the values of strain intensity εi, their speed εi0 and T° temperature of the deformed metal, i.e. σi=fεi, εioT°.
Therefore, the following factors must be taken into account: 1) Variable, along the width of the cutter, direction of the elementary section normals. 2) Difference in chip convergence between convex and concave sections of the same radius due to the mutual influence of chip convergence on neighboring elementary sections.

Chemical durability and mechanical property were examined before and after coating with HPC.
Thus prepared porous α-TCP is expected to be useful as a novel bone substitute by incorporating with drugs or osteoinductive factors.
In addition, novel functions can be provided with the porous TCP, if drugs or osteoinductive factors are incorporated with it.
We investigated chemical durability and mechanical property of porous α-TCP before and after coating with HPC.
Furthermore novel bone-repairing materials with ability to enhance bone regeneration can be designed by combination of drugs or osteoinductive factors.