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Online since: August 2017
Authors: Juliane Wittig, Sabine Willscher, Lukasz Jablonski, Denise Kuehn
In previous research work it was identified that phytoremediation evolves several positive effects onto the soil and groundwater of the contaminated site by stabilization of the soil cover and sequestration of heavy metals/ radionuclides (MM/R) and metalloids in the root zone, reduction of the seepage water formation (up to 65%) and minimization of the groundwater contamination with HM/R and metalloids by ≥ 90% [5].
In general, the addition of compost and sand as soil improvements demonstrated a positive result for the plant growth, which was in accordance with literature data.
The growth of the plants in combination with the soil amendments makes a high contribution to the reduction of seepage water formation (up to 65%) as well as to the reduction of the contaminant load of the leachate (≥ 90 % decrease) [5].
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Xiang Fen Cui, Fei Chen, Hong Guang Cheng
Predicting the children's blood lead level in a lead and zinc smelting area based on IEUBK model Fei Chen1,a, Hongguang Cheng1,b, Xiangfen Cui1,c 1School of environment, Beijing Normal University, China a15510492759@163.com,bchg@bnu.edu.cn,ccui1987rainny@163.com Keywords: Lead and zinc smelting area,Lead exposure,Children's blood lead level,IEUBK model Abstract.According to environmental lead exposure data and dietary survey data of lead and zinc smelting area,blood lead levels of children (2~7years old) in study area were predicted with IEUBK model.
A total of 123 people, included 42 cases the measured blood lead data.
Method Dietary exposure, lifestyle and behavior patterns of the 123 children were investigated through the form of questionnaire, the atmosphere, soil, water, crops samples in children living areas were collected and measured their lead concentration,estimated children's dietary lead exposure data, we used these data predicted children's blood lead concentration by IEUBK model, the lack of necessary data were added by the model default parameters.
IEUBKwin32 model was used to predicted children's blood lead levels in the study area,this model involved the various parameters and data source as shown in Table 1: Table 1 IEUBK model involved indicators The index type Parameters The data source The concentration of pollutants in environmental media Outdoor dust lead levels According to the survey data interpolation Indoor dust lead levels According to the survey data interpolation Outdoor air lead levels According to the pollution sources calculated the health protection distance, atmospheric environmental protection distance and took standard limit The concentration of pollutants in exposed medium Lead contents in food According to the survey data from village average Lead contents in drinking water According to the survey data from village average Exposure parameters Dietary structure According to the average of children's dietary questionnaires Behavior patterns According to the average of the children's behavior pattern survey
Effect of smelter emission reductions on children's blood lead levels[J].
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Henry Hu, Xue Zhi Zhang, Yan Da Zou
The demand for weight reduction in automotive industry has generated great interest in research and development of magnesium applications, especially for powertrain components.
A chromel-alumel (K-type) thermocouple protected by a thin steel sheath was positioned at a distance of 0.02 m from the bottom of the crucible center, and was connected to a computer-based data acquisition system to measure the temperature variation.
In cooling analysis, the temperature of the solidifying AM60 alloy and grain-refined sample was recorded by the data acquisition system at a regular interval of 500 ms as they cooled (25 ℃/min) from the completely liquid state to solid.
The melt temperature (T) vs. time (t) data was processed and cooling curves (T vs. t) were plotted using the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet software.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Zhe Zhang, Wei Ding, Jie Li, Ying Chao Zhang
The overall accuracy of sensors and data acquisition system is under 0.05%F.S.
Finally, complete the data processing on the basis of the test results and compare the obtained data with test results of other automotive wind tunnels and then come to an accurate conclusion.
The test is conducted with the car models made at the rate of 1:2 to obtain more accurate data.
There are certain errors between the test data, but on the whole, the error is very small.
Therefore, reliable test data can be obtained through automotive wind tunnel test conducted in it.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Yi Lin Chi, Xing Wu, Yi Du
The sorted data of group is recorded as the following form.
Because of the duplication between the data, the processed data number r is less than the sampling frequency fz.
Training data and testing data should be constructed as the same time and randomly selected. 2) Data normalization.
As shown on Table 3, with the same testing sample data and training data, using different kernel functions will lead to different correct recognition rate.
The rest 1/3 of the total data is for testing.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Zhi Bin Li, Xi Ju Lu
To find some original factors influenced on the energy efficiency, we used energy data concerned during 1996-2008 in China and calculated the efficiency data in Laspeyres Decomposition, then analyzed the factors' influence values and energy efficiency's developing trend, at last, put forward the strategic advice.
The data showed that energy intensity has declined from 1996 to 2008, and energy intensity change was mainly affected by technological progress factors.
Because the change value of energy intensity is the value that the latter energy intensity has reduced the original one, so if the value is negative, is that the factor has played a positive role in promoting on the overall energy intensity reduction, otherwise not.
Data Description and Analysis The paper used the data during 1996-2008 from "China Statistical Almanac" and "China Energy Statistical Almanac" to analyze.
And sorted out the three of China's industrial output, the proportion of the structure, as well as industrial energy consumption data from the Almanacs, then applied the above-mentioned formulas to calculate.
Online since: November 2015
Authors: Gunther Reinhart, Christian Seidel, Max Lutter-Günther, Stephan Wagner
Compared to powder bed based additive processes, which are currently in a prevailing positon regarding AM adaption, hybrid additive technologies enable increased build rates, enhanced build volumes and a reduction of machine changes.
Table 1: Input parameters and assumptions for the case study Company data Machine utilization 80 % [22] Working hours per day 16 h/day Working days per year 250 days Programming cost (labour and workstation) 60 EUR/h [5] Rent cost per year 130 €/m2 [22] Labour cost 60 €/h [5] Depreciation time 8 years Interest rate 5 % Market prices Material cost 89 EUR/kg [22] Process gas cost 0,49 Ct/l [23] Energy cost 10,2 Ct/kWh [24] Machine purchase price 1,3 Mio.
EUR Machine & process characteristics Power consumption machining 10 kW [25] Powder utilization 80 % Powder recycling rate 0 % Laser efficiency 25 % [21] Machine setup time 1,1 h Operator attendance 25 % Consumable consumption cost share of machining hour rate 16 % [26] Yearly maintenance cost share of machine purchase price 25 % [1] Power consumption passive 5 kW [21] Machine footprint area 35 m2 Process gas consumption 560 l/h [21] Data preparation time (feature based programming) 5 h Estimation based on [5] EDM process time 0,5 h EDM cost 40 €/h [5] Allowance for machining process 1 mm Tool change time 1 min Average time for tool positioning 20 sec The input data required for the cost model calculation can be obtained from three sources: company database, market prices as well as machine and process characteristics.
The second most influential parameter for cost reduction lies in the build rate, which depends on weld line width and thickness as well as scanning speed.
However, the sensitivity analysis shows cost reduction potentials that can significantly improve the economics of LMD-hybrid manufacturing.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: A.L. Sukhachev, A.Y. Strokova, A.V. Malakhovskii
Basing on this data, absolute values and temperature dependences of the paramagnetic magneto-optical activity (MOA) of the transitions were determined.
On the basis of MCD (Fig. 1) and absorption spectra we have calculated MOA of the observed f-f transitions (parameter A in Eq. 1), using the room temperature data (see Table 1), and we have found temperature dependences of MOA (parameter a in Eq. 1) of the transitions 6H15/2 → 6F5/2 , 6(F7/2 +H5/2) and 6(F9/2+H7/2) (Figs. 2-5).
Reduction of the experimental MOA as compared with the maximum theoretical ones means that there are several contributions in MOA corresponding to several admixed states.
Jf 9/2 9/2 7/2 7/2 5/2 3/2 λ 4 6 4 6 6 6 t 3; 5 5; 7 3; 5 5; 7 5; 7 5; 7 A +4.9; -3.93 +4.5; -3.86 +5.66; -4.53 +5; -4.28 +5.38; -4.61 +5.66; -4.88 Comparing results presented in Table 2 with the experimental data of Table 1 we can find spherical harmonics active in f-f transition allowance.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Zhong Qi Dong, Hui Zhu Tian, Wei Qing Huang, Ying Yang, Wen Xin Li
Based on the analysis of the specific case in the actual business decision-making, this article lists the average in the prediction, reducing work load and the gross profit maximum problems; through the establishment of random variable model, using the theory of mathematical expectation for data measured to choose the best scheme, method and procedure to provide policy makers who make the best choice the best theoretical basis; aiming to make the operators more scientific and rational when choosing investment and catching investment opportunity, Mathematical expectation plays an important role in economic activities.
For example, when p = 0.1, k = 2, 1-E(X)=0.92-0.5=0.31 If the enterprise has 10000, it reduces by3100 times, that is, a reduction of 31% of the workload.
Known from the calculation of the table data above, the more probable the service/useful life of this kind of appliance with the three years is,the more profits of corresponding market gets.
Visible through the calculation of data above, you can use the profit expectation to analyze this problem.
Online since: February 2006
Authors: Jian Bao Li, Gang Feng Guo, Hong Lin, Xiao Zhan Yang, Long Liang, Ming Sheng He
The present work presents a comparison of properties and performance data for samples made with different particle size.
Size(um) Sintering temperature(°C) 1 200(1#) 1250 2 200(1#) 1275 3 200(1#) 1300 4 200(1#) 1325 5 200(1#) 1350 6 300(2#) 1250 7 300(2#) 1275 8 300(2#) 1300 9 300(2#) 1325 10 300(2#) 1350 Results and Discussion Corresponding to its processing parameters, a number of data were collected to characterize the microstructure of the ceramic body .The mean pore size, overall porosity, PWP and permeability can all be shown as a function of the sintering temperature, where the smaller sized samples are compared with the larger ones.
Pure water permeation data for the set versus sintering temperature.
The samples were left in the cell and monitored over time so that the PWP recorded was a stable value reached after some amount of flux reduction, often after several hours.
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