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An ideal approach is to modify the structure of starch to improve starch resistance to digestion and make starch escaping enzymatic digestion and acidolysis in upper digestive tracts but being degraded by microorganism in colon.
The two peaks are characteristic of V-type single-helix structure.
So the crystal morphology of RS became V-type polymorph and the molecular structure changed from double-helix structure to single-helix structure as the starch digestion resistance increased.
From the DSC thermogram of RS shown in the Fig. 4 also indicated the structure changes for the transition enthalpy and the peak temperature of the starch decreased as the DS increased. 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 Intensity DS 1.10 DS 2.08 DS 2.53 DS 2.65 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 Intensity DS 2.08 DS 2.65 2θ (°) 2θ (°) (a) (b) Fig. 3 The X-ray diffraction pattern of different RS (a) powders with DS at 1.10, 2.08, 2.53, 2.65 and (b) films with DS at 2.08, 2.65.
Daniel: Starch chemistry and technology (Academic Press.

China 3 Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China. 4 School of Physical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
ZnS/CHA and CdS/CHA hybrid nanowires exhibited a remarkable blue shift in their optical absorption edge as well as exciton excitation band due to a strong quantum confinement effect induced by the internal layer sub-structures.
Based on our former work, a ZnS/ethylenediamine with sheet-like structure was designed to form in situ on Zn foils by the solvothermal method.
A Bruker D8 ADVANCE X-ray diffractometer (XRD) was employed to characterize the structures of the samples with nickel-filtered Cu-Ka radiation, 40 kV, 40 mA and a scanning step of 0.02o per second.
Results and discussion XRD was used to characterize the phase structure and crystallinity of the as-prepared products.

The mechanisms for elucidating the structure formation are carried out.
By estimation of z0, toluene/water was regarded as a system for providing multilayer structures[11,12].
This continuous process within a short time eventually induces multilayer formation with sponge-like structure[19].
However, the changes of irradiation time from 15s to 30s can tune film structures from monolayer to multilayer.
Graf: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, Vol. 11 (2009), p.7137

Moreover, compared to a simple core-shell structure without a medial hollow space, the core-hollow shell structure not only efficiently utilizes active surface sites of the nanoparticle core but also provides suitable catalytic reaction space of the medial nano-sized void [2, 3].
Fabrication of core-hollow shell materials reported in the literature can be classified into two methods: one is the use of carbon materials or oxides as hard templates to form the medial void in the core-hollow shell structure, and the other is partial etching of the core material or the interior surface of the shell in a simple indiscrete core-shell structure.
The former hard template method is useful for obtaining well-defined core-hollow shell structures from nano- to micro-scales [4].
The latter etching technique is simple compared to the hard template method because a simple indiscrete core-shell structure can be used as the starting material [5].
In order to obtain a core-hollow shell structure by using the microemulsion technique, therefore, other considerations are needed.

Organic light emitting devices (OLED) with the structure of ITO/TPD(30nm) /Alq3 (40nm)/LiF/Al were prepared by vacuum thermal evaporation method.
Single Al electrodes device structure is double device structure, namely ITO/TPD (30 nm) /Alq3 (40nm) /Al; LiF/Al composite electrode device structure is three device structure, namely ITO/TPD(30nm) /Alq3 (40nm) /LiF (2nm) /Al.
The typical structure of organic electroluminescent devices is a positive, negative electrode with one or more organic matter as multilayer sandwich type structure.
Reference [1] Cheng L F: Effect of deposition rate on the morphology chemistry and electroluminescence of Alq3 films.
[7] Huang J S, Pfeiffer M, Werner A，et al: Low-voltage organic electro luminescent devices using pin-structures.

Hu1 1, School of Chemistry and Life Science in Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, P.R.China, 430205 2, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering in Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R.China, 430074 atxuehua@163.com, bweimingsu@tom.com, c994618376@qq.com Keywords: Zn, Bi dopings, Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder, Electrochemical migration, Whisker growth, dendrite growth, Electronic packaging Abstract.
Despite of these, in this experiment, a simple pair of electrodes was applied because the primary goal was to research dendrite structures of ECM and the failure mechanism of solder as the interconnection materials in electronic packaging [28].
The geometry depict of the test structure in present experiment was depicted in Fig.1, referred to literature [29].
In this thesis, the dendritic SEM morphology of Sn-Ag-Cu solder candidates doped with both 2wt.% Zn and 2wt.% Bi in NaCl salt solution at DC electrical field condition after 30h ECM experiment were shown in Fig. 2A, B, it could be seen that the dendritic shape was cactus-like structure.
D20093103), and supported by the vital fund financial support from Hubei University of Education (No.2009A005), and supported by the fund of the Vital Subject Program on Applied Chemistry in Hubei University of Education.

Synthesis and thermal property of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) Hongchi Zhaoa, Xiuting Wub, Weiwei Tianc and Shitong Rend College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P.
The chemical structure and thermal property of the polymer were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffractmeter (XRD), respectively.
Even if in crystalline polymer, the crystalline structure is also quite incomplete.

Grease lubrication bearings are used in connecting rod larger heads, smaller heads and main shaft necks, its structures are designed, so the oilless lubrications are achieved over there.
The structure of unloading slots for guiding pings, smaller radius-length ratios and lower pressure ratios can make piston pings and guiding pings run long time.
Filled PTFE is the widest used material now to make oilless piston rings because it has good properties of physics, chemistry and wear resistance; its cost is cheap, it is easy to obtain and form.
Radius-length ratio λ is an important structure parameter for compressors.
Pressure-ratio and stage number When designing oilless air compressors, the stage number and every stage pressure-ratio will be determined after structure project of compressors is primary made.

Preparation and Characterization of PP-g -GMS -St For PP/O-MMT Composite Materials Shaohui Wang1,a, Shaoming Yang2,b 1,2 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, East China JiaoTong University, Nanchang, 330013, China ashhwang2008@sina.com，byangshaoming2008@sina.com Keywords: polypropylene, compatibilizer, montmorillonite, Characterization.
By this token, PP/PP-g-GMS-St/O-MMT nanocomposites had a good interlayer structure respectively when the content of PP-g-GMS-St was 20%.
In order to further investigate the effect of the new compatibilizer on the crystallization structure of PP, diffract grams were scanned with the range from 10º to 30º at the rate of 2o/min, and these XRD patterns were presented in Fig.2 c .
Petroleum Chemistry.

Wang Qing discussed a quantitative evaluation index of microstructure factors such as scale, shape, directionality, plump etc. of pore and structure unit.
Based on SEM and XRD tests, Huang Yu analyzed micro-mechanics and causes of different solidification from the point of chemical and physical structure[10].
On the other hand, cement chemistry considers C-S-H as uncertain compound and ratios of CaO/SiO can reflect extent of hydration.
Li Zhu(translating ), Chemistry of Cement and Concrete, China Architecture and Building Press, BeiJing, 1980，8.