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Palm olein was selected to be a candidate due to its superior tribological properties and large production in country.
The results showed that RBD palm olein has better lubricating properties for the reduction of wear and friction.
[7] M.A.Maleque, H.H.Masjuki, A.S.M.A.Haseeb, Effect of mechanical factors on tribological properties of palm oil methyl ester blended lubricant, Wear 239 (2000) 117-25
Savaskan, Z.Azakli, An investigation of lubricated friction and wear properties of Zn–40Al–2Cu–2Si alloy in comparison withSAE 65 bearing bronze, Wear 264 (2008) 920–928
[12] B.K.Sharma, K.M.Doll, S.Z.Erhan, Ester hydroxyl derivatives of methyl oleate: tribological, oxidation and low temperature properties, Bioresourse Tech. 99 (2008) 7333-7340.

Numerous recent papers have demonstrated the fluidity of gray cast iron in the semi-solid range, including the development of semi-solid ductile cast iron [8]; flow analysis of semi solid processing such as the fluidity and mechanical properties of this material [9,10], and the effect of semi-solid processing on the solidification microstructure and mechanical properties of gray cast iron [11].
The thixoforming process involves heating the material up to the semi-solid range, followed by forming; thus, the material’s final microstructure will determine the mechanical properties of the formed product.
Hironaka, Microstructure and properties of cast iron by semi-solid die casting process, Imono V. 68, I. 2, (1996), pp. 141-147
Nomura, Effect of semi-solid processing on solidification microstructure and mechanical properties of gray cast iron, Materials Science and Engineering A, V. 417A, (2006), pp. 166-173
Nofal, Microstructure, fluidity, and mechanical properties of semi-solid processed ductile iron, Journal of Materials Science, V.

It is therefore essential to improve the engineering properties of such problematic soil with suitable stabilization technique as and when encountered.
Therefore, it becomes vital to improve the engineering properties of weak subgrade soils before the beginning of road construction.
Moreover, for improving the engineering properties of soft soil, lime is considered as a benchmark stabilizer [4].
On the other hand lime treatment shows many advantageous effects on the engineering properties of clayey soils that included a reduction of swelling and shrinkage potential, workability improvement and an increment of mechanical strength [6].
This test also serves to quantify the effectiveness of stabilizer in improving the geotechnical properties of soil.

The physical properties and microstructures of supporting anodes are crucial for the performances of the entire SOFCs.
These factors decrease with increasing porosity, and hence usually a porosity of around 40 vol.% is regarded as appropriate.
The big pores may be beneficial to the Transport of the gas, but also may decrease the TPBs to hider the contaction between Ni, block the conducting channel in the anode, make the anode loosen, effect the electrical Properties and Mechanical Properties of the cell.
[5] R.M.C.Clemmer, S.F.Corbin, Influence of porous composite microstructure on the processing and properties of solid oxide fuel cell anodes, Solid State Ionics. 166 (2004) 251–259
Oh, Microstructure and anodic properties of Ni/YSZ cermets in solid oxide fuel cells, Solid State Ionics. 98 (1997) 39-41.

Introduction In aerospace industry applications, weight and material properties are critical factors.
Usually, the joint microstructure consists of a heat affected zone (HAZ), a thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) and a stir zone (SZ).
Results from FSW of aluminum MMC’s show increase of weldability in comparison of conventional welding methods and report an increment of mechanical properties of the SZ with respect to the base material due to a more homogeneous distribution of reinforcement particles, Si eutectic phase and less casting voids [6].
Xil, Properties of High Reinforcement Content Aluminum Matrix Composite for Electronic Packages, Journal of Material Science: Materials in Electronics, Vol. 14, Issue 1, pp. 9 – 12, (2003)
Azizieh, Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties in friction stir welded A356+15%SiCp cast composite, Materials Letters, Vol. 60, Issue 4, pp. 565 – 568, (2006)

The stress, temperature, time and environment are the factors which can cause changes in their metallurgic structure and contribute to acceleration of degradation processes.
The stability of nickel-base superalloys and their ability to resist the destructive effects of overheating or long time heating are important properties in gas turbines applications.
Summarizing and evaluating the mechanical properties and microscopy analyses structural results the improved creep deformation ability of exposed specimens points out that additional carbide precipitation along grains boundaries and in grains interior appeared not to be such detrimental considering the alloy intergranular embrittlement.
The revealed evolution of alloy microstructure can considerably affect the creep properties of exposed specimens and it is most probably the reason of large differences of the time to fracture and of the deformation ability of alloy in dependence on the prior thermal exposure at relatively low temperature.
Conference on the Mechanical Behaviour of Materials ICM8, Victoria, B.C.

Marshalling sequence according to the calculated ri, and which items of comparative data series have closed relationship with reference data series will be found, namely the correlation degree is relatively large, so it’s convenient to find mainly influencing factors from numerous factors, and it contributes to analysis and prediction of water quality.
Cause analysis of groundwater Grey relational analysis shows that Ca2+ is the main factors which influence the total hardness, the main elements influencing the conductivity are SO42- and HCO3-, SO42- is also the controlling factor of mineralization.
Since Poyang Lake is located in the south China, the groundwater is also mainly impacted by the latter two factors.
The results show that the variation of total hardness is mainly affected by Ca2+; SO42- content is the main factor that causes the variation of conductivity and mineralization.
The results of factor analysis show that Ca2+ and HCO3- in groundwater mainly affected by geological conditions, while SO42- content is closely related to humanity and natural factors, for instances, mining waste rock, burning coal and heavy rainfall in the south.

Drought is an important factor that affects economic and social development in our province.
The contradiction between the water resources supply and demand become more prominent, drought has become an important factor that affects the economic and social development in Guizhou.
Agricultural drought relief emergency water project includes electro-mechanical well and flow drought relief device, and so on.
In terms of drought analysis and prediction: mainly analyze the comprehensive influence result according to various factors such as the soil moisture content and comprehensive rainfall data in the database collected by the monitoring system and surface runoff, and multiple models and methods to soil moisture short-term forecast.
The disasters’ development is complex, to really grasp the nature laws, and avoid the harm of disasters, reduce the loss of property, humanity should make long-term unremitting efforts to explore and research.

Differential speed rolling, by which shear deformation can be introduced throughout the thickness, was thus shown to be a promising process for improving the physical and mechanical properties of rolled and annealed aluminum alloy sheets by texture control.
Introduction The crystallographic texture of a sheet metal has strong effects on its mechanical properties, especially on its plastic anisotropy.
Control of the microstructure and texture is thus an effective tool for improving the mechanical properties.
If a deformation process other than rolling were to be employed in the manufacturing process, a new orientation distribution that would improve the mechanical properties could be attained.
Many factors, such as the direction of the second pass, pass schedule, annealing condition and alloying elements, will affect the development of shear texture.

Amongst other factors, the assumed tensile strength of the concrete is crucial to accurately predict response.
Concrete thermal properties were based on recommendations from Eurocode 2 [6] in the model.
Material thermal properties and all other heat transfer parameters follow recommendation from Eurocode 2 [6].
The assumed material properties adopted for the model are shown in Table 1.
Various factors may be contributing to this behaviour.