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Frost-Heaving Pressure on lining of Tunnel Constructed in Severe Cold Regions Gang DENG1,a, Jian-yu WANG2,b, Jin-long ZHENG3,c 1School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China 2Southwest Research Institute of China Railway Engineering，Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, China 3Sichuan Province Communications Department Highway Planning Surver,Design And Research Institute, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China adonydeng@163.com, bwjyda@139.com, ctunschd@163.com Keywords: Tunnel engineering; Frost heave pressures; Tunnels in cold regions; Model of constraints on deformation due to frost-heaving Abstract.
A Discussion on frost heave force action on tunnel lining [J].Journal of Railway Engineering Socity, 2004,81(1): 87～93.
Chinese Journal Geotechnical Engineering, 2003,25(5):571～573.

Visual Safety Evaluation of Bridges Based on the Straight Lines Failure Envelope Theory Guilin Sheng1, a, Shaochun Ma1, b Peng Bao 1, c 1School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China ashengguilin1214@163.com, bmsc2627@yeah.net, ccnbaop@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: Bridge structure; failure evaluation rod element; failure approaching index; failure envelope Abstract.
It can finally realize quantitative and visual safety assessment for bridge structure [2-4], has very practical engineering significance.
Engineering Situation The paper takes Luoyang to Sanmenxia highway in Lianyungang to Huoerguosi national trunk highway (National Highway No.
[2] Jun.ZHAO.Failure Envelope and Failure Assessment for Plane Frame Structures .Engineering Mechanics, 2008, 25(9):39-45, in Chinese
Engineering strength theory .Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1999, in Chinese.

Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23(19): 3226-3231(In Chinese) [6] Lemaitre J.
Engineering and Design, 1984, 80: 233-245 [7] Wengui Cao, Peng Li, Minghua Zhao, Xuecheng Liu.
Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2005, 32(3):11-14(In Chinese) [8] Jihua Yang, Handong Liu.
Engineering Geology, 2006,84:112-119 [10] Jingtao Chen, Xiating Feng.
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2006, 25(8): 1537-1543(In Chinese) [11]Chunan Tang.

,LTD,Quzhou 324000,China 3 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Changsha University of Science & Technology , Changsha 410014,China 4 Hunan Communication Polytechnic,Changsha 410132,China a649918469@qq.com, b zlbingqing3@126.com, c 81063001@qq.com Key words: anchor; supporting parameters; limit equilibrium; safety factor Abstract: In order to analyze the influence of bolt supporting parameters on the stability of slope, based on the limit equilibrium method to establish model of slope and calculated the safety factor of slope.
In order to ensure the safety of the slope engineering, typically use the conservative design method in design.
It cannot guarantee the absolute safety of slope engineering, also easy to cause the increase of engineering construction cost.
The large popularity of computer and engineering software appearing provide a new method for the recommending of the most reasonable slope support measures.
In this paper, the analysis method of slope bolting parameters on its effect to the stability is simple and strong operational, which can provide a reference for related engineering personnel.

Seismic Damage Analysis on Double-column Pier of Passenger Dedicated Line Yu Li1,a, Xi Zhu2, Qingshan Yang2 1 School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China 2 School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing , 100044, China aliyu@chd.edu.cn Keywords: bridge of passenger dedicated line; seismic damage; time history analysis; nonlinear Abstract: Reasonable strong seismic motion records are selected according to the applicable Code of Seismic Design for Railway Engineering.
Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 1985
Journal of Structural Engineering, 1985, Vol.112(2):102-109
GB50111-2006 Code for Seismic Design for Railway Engineering[S].
[5] Ucfyber: Cross Section Analysis Software for Structural Engineers.

The flexural rigidity of cable is ignored in string vibration theory, but included in beam vibration theory; therefore the latter is more approaching the engineering practice.
is , bending moment is , transverse shear is , taking a any micro segment in beam, in this segment : (16) (17) Where — mass of the segment; — mass center of the segment; — rotation inertia of the segment which passes the mass center and the axis of perpendicular to plane xoy — angle acceleration of the segment No consideration the affect of rotation inertia, for formula (16), have (18) Let sides of above formula divided by at same time, and taking limit, obtain , that is (19) For formula (18), have: (20) Where, — distance from mass center to left side of the segment In the same way, sides of above formula divided by at same time, and taking limit, obtain: Substitute above formula into formula (19), obtain: (21) Because Substitute above formula into formula (21), then the transverse forced vibration equation of a beam is obtained: (22) Free vibration equation of a beam is: (23) In consideration of taut cable in engineering
Journal of structural Engineering, ASCE, 1996(6): 651-656 [2] Ren Weixin, ChenGang.
[J] China civil engineering journal vol.38 No.11, Nov. 2005 (in chinese)

Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2008, 38 (2): 0434-0438
Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2007,  37 (2): 0438-0441
Damage diagnosis of steel girder bridges using ambient vibration data [J].Engineering Structures, 2006,(28):912-925
[5] Chen Changsong,Tian Zhongchu.Long-span pre-stressed concrete cable-stayed bridge modal test technology research[J]Civil engineering journal,2005，38(10)：72-75
Engineering Applications of Correlation and Spectral Analysis{m}. 2nd edition.

The study of reinforcement in Xi-ge-da strata possesses applicable value in engineering.
The engineering properties of Xi-ge-da soil is not so good.
Since 1960s, many experts and scholars have been concerned about the engineering problem and studied part of it.
(In Chinese) [2] W.Chen,F.Chang and T.Jiao:The 2rd International Conference on Green Building,Materials and Civil Engineering(SanYa,China2012).
(In Chinese) [4] Y.Yu,T.F.Chen and J.Zhang:Subgrade Engineering, (2010)No.2,P.84-85.

Laboratory Properties Evaluation of Wearing Course Asphalt Mixtures Incorporating RAP Materials Lanyun Chen1,a, Xin Qiu2, b, Xinkuan Wang3, c, Qing Yang2, d 1Architectural Engineering Institute, Jinhua Polytechnic,1188 Wuzhou Street, Jinhua, China 321004 2 College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, China 321004 3 Inner Mongolia Highway Construction and Development Co.
The main objectives of this study is to conduct laboratory tests on RAP mixtures with different RAP content, to comprehensively evaluate their engineering characteristics, then to recommend the best suitable RAP mixtures as the local paving materials.
In order to gain basic information on the pavement performance of wearing course asphalt mixtures incorporating RAP materials, the main objectives of this study is to conduct laboratory tests on RAP mixtures with different RAP content, to comprehensively evaluate their engineering characteristics, then to recommend the best suitable RAP mixtures as the local paving materials.
Table 8 Summary of results of wheel track testing Mixture type WC0R WC30R WC30RRo WC50R WC50RRo Rutting Depth (mm) 3.1 1.86 3.04 1.99 2.15 Conclusions This study conducted laboratory tests on RAP mixtures with different RAP content to comprehensively evaluate their engineering characteristics.
References [1] Palit SK, Sudhakar Reddy K, Pandey BB: J Mater Civil Eng, Vol.16 (2004) No.1, pp.45~49

As well as trigger landslide when deformation is too large, which will cause serious engineering accident.
Engineering applications (1) Calculation model and parameter.
There was expansive soil in an engineering site, which was ice accretion of silty clay.
According to the building code in expansive soil area[4], combined with the engineering location, atmosphere influence depth was thought as 3m.
(2) In the slope engineering of expansive soil, anchor cable could effectively controlled the deformation of anti-slide pile.