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Online since: August 2019
Authors: Myeong Hoon Lee, Kyung Man Moon, Tae Sil Baek
Therefore, it is considered that these results may provide an available reference data to improve effectively the quality of Zn anode when the anode may be applied in low conductivity solution mixed with fresh water and sea water.
Table 3 shows reduction weight ratio of five types of samples.
Fig. 9 shows comparison of reduction weight ratio of all samples in 0.8 % NaCl solution.
Comparison of reduction weight Ratio of five samples in 0.8% NaCl solution.
On the contrary, the highest value of reduction weight ratio was observed at the 2.6% sample.
Table 3 shows reduction weight ratio of five types of samples.
Fig. 9 shows comparison of reduction weight ratio of all samples in 0.8 % NaCl solution.
Comparison of reduction weight Ratio of five samples in 0.8% NaCl solution.
On the contrary, the highest value of reduction weight ratio was observed at the 2.6% sample.
Online since: November 2012
Authors: Wei Jun He, Xing Qiang Gao
Based on capacity planning data, we can estimate the annual generating capacity of states and municipalities, and thus can calculate quantitative indicators of the city's energy saving benefits, such as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Analysis table of Yunnan planning wind farms’ energy conservation and emission reduction benefits Sequence Number City Planning installed [MW] Annual generation capacity of [100 million kW·h] Energy saving and emission reduction benefits [tons / year] Standard coal saving CO2 emissions reduction SO2 emissions reduction NOx emissions reduction Solid particles emission reduction 1 Kunming 4024.5 80.49 269.64 779.95 0.55 0.52 0.28 2 Qujing 4585.5 91.71 307.23 888.67 0.63 0.59 0.32 3 Yuxi 1693.5 33.87 113.46 328.2 0.23 0.22 0.12 4 Zhaotong 1141.5 22.83 76.48 221.22 0.16 0.15 0.08 5 Baoshan 1704 34.08 114.17 330.24 0.23 0.22 0.12 6 Chuxiong 3819 76.38 255.87 740.12 0.53 0.49 0.27 7 Honghe 2955 59.10 197.99 572.68 0.41 0.38 0.21 8 Wenshan 672 13.44 45.02 130.23 0.09 0.09 0.05 9 Pu'er 1591.5 31.83 106.63 308.43 0.22 0.20 0.11 10 Xishuangbanna 118.5 2.37 7.94 22.97 0.02 0.02 0.01 11 Dali 6216 124.32 416.47 1204.66 0.86 0.80 0.44 12 Dehong 126 2.52 8.44 24.42 0.02 0.02 0.01 13 Lijiang
1134 22.68 75.98 219.77 0.16 0.15 0.08 14 Nujiang 252 5.04 16.88 48.84 0.03 0.03 0.02 15 Diqing 276 5.52 18.49 53.49 0.04 0.04 0.02 16 Lincang 1351.5 27.03 90.55 261.92 0.19 0.17 0.09 Total 31660.5 633.21 2121.24 6135.81 4.36 4.05 2.22 Note: 1) Dates of Planning wind power installed capacity and the annual generation capacity are from the Energy Bureau of Yunnan Province: Yunnan wind power planning report (2011-2020); 2) The generating capacity of wind farms according to the number of 2000h; 3) Equivalent to the standard coal unified 335g/kW·h; 4) CO2,SO2,NOx and solid particles emission reduction according to 969g/kW·h, 0.688g/kW·h, 0.64g/kW·h, 0.35g/kW·h. [1,2] Put data =969g/kW·h, = 10EUR/t [3] and the Yunnan Province City annual generating capacity data into the formula (1): = 5.146 billion yuan RMB.
Emission reduction effect of the wind power development projects is outstanding.
Emission reduction contribution of wind power development projects mainly reflected in the zero emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.
Table 1 Analysis table of Yunnan planning wind farms’ energy conservation and emission reduction benefits Sequence Number City Planning installed [MW] Annual generation capacity of [100 million kW·h] Energy saving and emission reduction benefits [tons / year] Standard coal saving CO2 emissions reduction SO2 emissions reduction NOx emissions reduction Solid particles emission reduction 1 Kunming 4024.5 80.49 269.64 779.95 0.55 0.52 0.28 2 Qujing 4585.5 91.71 307.23 888.67 0.63 0.59 0.32 3 Yuxi 1693.5 33.87 113.46 328.2 0.23 0.22 0.12 4 Zhaotong 1141.5 22.83 76.48 221.22 0.16 0.15 0.08 5 Baoshan 1704 34.08 114.17 330.24 0.23 0.22 0.12 6 Chuxiong 3819 76.38 255.87 740.12 0.53 0.49 0.27 7 Honghe 2955 59.10 197.99 572.68 0.41 0.38 0.21 8 Wenshan 672 13.44 45.02 130.23 0.09 0.09 0.05 9 Pu'er 1591.5 31.83 106.63 308.43 0.22 0.20 0.11 10 Xishuangbanna 118.5 2.37 7.94 22.97 0.02 0.02 0.01 11 Dali 6216 124.32 416.47 1204.66 0.86 0.80 0.44 12 Dehong 126 2.52 8.44 24.42 0.02 0.02 0.01 13 Lijiang
1134 22.68 75.98 219.77 0.16 0.15 0.08 14 Nujiang 252 5.04 16.88 48.84 0.03 0.03 0.02 15 Diqing 276 5.52 18.49 53.49 0.04 0.04 0.02 16 Lincang 1351.5 27.03 90.55 261.92 0.19 0.17 0.09 Total 31660.5 633.21 2121.24 6135.81 4.36 4.05 2.22 Note: 1) Dates of Planning wind power installed capacity and the annual generation capacity are from the Energy Bureau of Yunnan Province: Yunnan wind power planning report (2011-2020); 2) The generating capacity of wind farms according to the number of 2000h; 3) Equivalent to the standard coal unified 335g/kW·h; 4) CO2,SO2,NOx and solid particles emission reduction according to 969g/kW·h, 0.688g/kW·h, 0.64g/kW·h, 0.35g/kW·h. [1,2] Put data =969g/kW·h, = 10EUR/t [3] and the Yunnan Province City annual generating capacity data into the formula (1): = 5.146 billion yuan RMB.
Emission reduction effect of the wind power development projects is outstanding.
Emission reduction contribution of wind power development projects mainly reflected in the zero emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Hai Lin Mu, Han Xin Zhao, Xiao Han
Grey theory, developed originally by Deng[2] , including systems analysis, data processing, modeling, prediction, decision making and control, is a truly multidisciplinary and generic theory that deals with systems that are characterized by poor information and/or for which information is lacking.
That is: (9) (10) Test the GM (1,1) (11) , (12) , (13) Therefore C (posterior inferior) and P (small error possibility) can be described as Eq.14: (14) Data sources and process The related statistical data used in this study are all adopted from China Statistical Yearbook (CSY, 2002-2012) [6] and China Energy Statistical Yearbook (CESY, 2002-2012) [7].
Carbon emissions factors and fractions of carbon oxidized Item Coal Oil Natural gas NHV 20908 41816 38931 CEF 26 20 15.3 COF 0.99 1 1 2.7905 2.1465 1.6421 Confirm GDP and CE in based period By calculating the correlation data, we get the parameters in the prediction model of the GDP and the energy consumption, just as showed in Table 3.
Due to the incomplete data of the energy consumption structure of different provinces in 2000-2012 and the minimal impact of different proportion in every primary energy, we will use the average proportion of total energy consumption of different provinces and cities in 2000-2012 to replace its average proportion of carbon emissions.
Summary By using the emissions reduction quota allocation model based on marginal abatement cost curve, and minimizing the total emissions reduction costs as the goal, we calculate each province’s costs of carbon dioxide emissions reduction, and what’s more, we also give an optimal scheme under the reduction target in carbon intensity which the Chinese government has proposed in 2009.
That is: (9) (10) Test the GM (1,1) (11) , (12) , (13) Therefore C (posterior inferior) and P (small error possibility) can be described as Eq.14: (14) Data sources and process The related statistical data used in this study are all adopted from China Statistical Yearbook (CSY, 2002-2012) [6] and China Energy Statistical Yearbook (CESY, 2002-2012) [7].
Carbon emissions factors and fractions of carbon oxidized Item Coal Oil Natural gas NHV 20908 41816 38931 CEF 26 20 15.3 COF 0.99 1 1 2.7905 2.1465 1.6421 Confirm GDP and CE in based period By calculating the correlation data, we get the parameters in the prediction model of the GDP and the energy consumption, just as showed in Table 3.
Due to the incomplete data of the energy consumption structure of different provinces in 2000-2012 and the minimal impact of different proportion in every primary energy, we will use the average proportion of total energy consumption of different provinces and cities in 2000-2012 to replace its average proportion of carbon emissions.
Summary By using the emissions reduction quota allocation model based on marginal abatement cost curve, and minimizing the total emissions reduction costs as the goal, we calculate each province’s costs of carbon dioxide emissions reduction, and what’s more, we also give an optimal scheme under the reduction target in carbon intensity which the Chinese government has proposed in 2009.
Online since: February 2016
Authors: Stanisław Gil, Wojciech Bialik
Based on the experimental data and literature as well as using the CFD tools, a model of light fuel oil combustion has been developed with an emphasis on nitric oxide formation.
The quantitative results obtained are comparable to the experimental data.
Considering the nitrogen-bearing fuel, the precursor to NO is HCN which is converted to NO (oxidation) or N2 (reduction) [16-18].
On the quantitative basis, the obtained results are comparable to the experimental data.
Gil, Influence of pressure on the rate of nitric oxide reduction by char, Combustion and Flame 126 (2001) 1602 – 1606
The quantitative results obtained are comparable to the experimental data.
Considering the nitrogen-bearing fuel, the precursor to NO is HCN which is converted to NO (oxidation) or N2 (reduction) [16-18].
On the quantitative basis, the obtained results are comparable to the experimental data.
Gil, Influence of pressure on the rate of nitric oxide reduction by char, Combustion and Flame 126 (2001) 1602 – 1606
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Zhen Yu Lei, Xu Yan
Research on the application of TLD to viaduct box girder bridges for vibration and noise reduction
Xu Yan1, a, Zhenyu Lei1, b*
1 Institute of Railway and Urban Mass Transit of Tongji University, Shanghai 201800,China
achys4444@126.com, bLeizhenyu@126.com
Keywords: TLD, box girder bridges, vibration and noise reduction
Abstract.
Record the vibration data within 5 seconds, and the number of data is 1000.
Results and Discussion Vertical Vibration Reduction.
Lateral Vibration Reduction.
Noise Radiation Reduction.
Record the vibration data within 5 seconds, and the number of data is 1000.
Results and Discussion Vertical Vibration Reduction.
Lateral Vibration Reduction.
Noise Radiation Reduction.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Yue Yue Yu, Su Quan Qin, Qiao Yan Wen
In this paper, an efficient model is proposed to protect the data in the process of transferring data to the cloud and get the data from the cloud.
The project shifts to cloud computing will result in dynamic IT growth and in some reductions in some areas.
The first phase deals with the process encrypt the data and storing encrypted data into the cloud securely and the second phase deals with retrieving the encrypted data from the cloud and decrypt the data and verify the Integrity of the data.
Storing the data To shield the data in the cloud from the third party who may destruct the data on purpose, the data stored in the cloud must be in encrypted from.
As the owner takes some precautions such as encrypting the data to protect the data, the data are always under the threat of damage.
The project shifts to cloud computing will result in dynamic IT growth and in some reductions in some areas.
The first phase deals with the process encrypt the data and storing encrypted data into the cloud securely and the second phase deals with retrieving the encrypted data from the cloud and decrypt the data and verify the Integrity of the data.
Storing the data To shield the data in the cloud from the third party who may destruct the data on purpose, the data stored in the cloud must be in encrypted from.
As the owner takes some precautions such as encrypting the data to protect the data, the data are always under the threat of damage.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Xuan Lin Ye
The application of TRIZ theory in the Rub drum of reverse data acquistion and modeling
Xuan Lin YE
(College of mechanical and electrical engineering, Yun nan Open University, Kunming 650500, China )
Corresponding author: Tel:15969585167; E-mail:190516046@qq.com
Keywords: TRIZ, Rub the drum, Reverse engineering, data acquistion
Abstract: Based on the actual processing problem of rubbing the drum parts without drawing, the author conducts the research to the rubbing the drum real reverse engineering, then in view of the existing reverse engineering data acquistion problems, is analyzed by TRIZ theory, according to the technology contradiction solve method and combined with the actual situation of the problem, the feasible solutions obtained, to provide reference for the engineering and technical personnel.
1.
TRIZ theory to solve practical problems of thinking Many methods of data measurement, and each method has its own characteristics, not detailed here, but in the actual application process, the data of existing measurement methods are difficult to satisfy simultaneously measuring accuracy and speed of the two requirements.
Fig 1 The general workflow of TRIZ to solve the problem 3. 2 Problem description According to the measurement of different sensors, data of existing measurement methods can be divided into contact and non-contact type two broad categories: three coordinate measuring machine contact measurement equipment is the most representative, has the advantages of high measuring precision, good repeatability, is not affected by the surface color and light limitation, can measurement of deep hole advantages; disadvantages are: low speed data measurement, measurement of small data density, connection topology is not convenient for surface reconstruction, in the process of measurement also needs to make the complex path planning.
The specific problem as described by the 39 general engineering parameters of technical contradiction, this paper choose to improve measurement efficiency data for improved object, so the choice of 39 engineering parameters (productivity) in order to improve the measurement accuracy of parameters, selection of data reduction is caused by the deterioration of the operator to improve object, therefore the choice of 28 engineering parameters (the number of test accuracy) worse parameters.
According to the principle, before were measured using three coordinate measuring machine, optical scanner data has high measuring efficiency of measurement, the preliminary shape information acquisition model, then the local measurements to obtain high accuracy measurement data of local use of three coordinate measuring machine, and using the data of surface deformation, thus achieving data fusion.
TRIZ theory to solve practical problems of thinking Many methods of data measurement, and each method has its own characteristics, not detailed here, but in the actual application process, the data of existing measurement methods are difficult to satisfy simultaneously measuring accuracy and speed of the two requirements.
Fig 1 The general workflow of TRIZ to solve the problem 3. 2 Problem description According to the measurement of different sensors, data of existing measurement methods can be divided into contact and non-contact type two broad categories: three coordinate measuring machine contact measurement equipment is the most representative, has the advantages of high measuring precision, good repeatability, is not affected by the surface color and light limitation, can measurement of deep hole advantages; disadvantages are: low speed data measurement, measurement of small data density, connection topology is not convenient for surface reconstruction, in the process of measurement also needs to make the complex path planning.
The specific problem as described by the 39 general engineering parameters of technical contradiction, this paper choose to improve measurement efficiency data for improved object, so the choice of 39 engineering parameters (productivity) in order to improve the measurement accuracy of parameters, selection of data reduction is caused by the deterioration of the operator to improve object, therefore the choice of 28 engineering parameters (the number of test accuracy) worse parameters.
According to the principle, before were measured using three coordinate measuring machine, optical scanner data has high measuring efficiency of measurement, the preliminary shape information acquisition model, then the local measurements to obtain high accuracy measurement data of local use of three coordinate measuring machine, and using the data of surface deformation, thus achieving data fusion.
Online since: June 2017
Authors: Ming Nan Zhao, Peng Zhang, Xin Sun, He Xia Wu, Yu Ting Yan, Ji Hu Zheng
The data collected onsite in 2014 by one of the largest Chinese tire companies were used in the assessment.
It includes more than 20000 unit processes, such as basic process and product data (transportation and waste treatment as well as metals, minerals, plastics, water, chemicals, fuels, and energy production et al), life cycle data of auto parts, and life cycle data of the car.
The data were collected in 2015 during the manufacture of the target tire product.
Background data on all main materials were acquired from CALCD.
Life cycle background data on these other materials were obtained from the global-average LCI data of Ecoinvent 3.
It includes more than 20000 unit processes, such as basic process and product data (transportation and waste treatment as well as metals, minerals, plastics, water, chemicals, fuels, and energy production et al), life cycle data of auto parts, and life cycle data of the car.
The data were collected in 2015 during the manufacture of the target tire product.
Background data on all main materials were acquired from CALCD.
Life cycle background data on these other materials were obtained from the global-average LCI data of Ecoinvent 3.
Online since: August 2012
Authors: Kui Xia Han, Yan Ling Li, Ye Hang Zhu
For the data sets, mainly through resampling, to construct a balanced distribution of the training data set.
Analysis Of Impact Of Data Distribution Imbalance on Feature Selection Two Forms Of Data Distribution Imbalance .
The experimental data are shown in table 1.
Table 1 Experimental data sets Data set form Category Training set Test set Unbalanced data set C1 718 42 C2 111 39 Balanced data set C1 111 42 C2 111 39 (1) Experiment 1.
[5] Chen Tao,Xie Yangqun.Literature review of feature dimension reduction in text categorization.
Analysis Of Impact Of Data Distribution Imbalance on Feature Selection Two Forms Of Data Distribution Imbalance .
The experimental data are shown in table 1.
Table 1 Experimental data sets Data set form Category Training set Test set Unbalanced data set C1 718 42 C2 111 39 Balanced data set C1 111 42 C2 111 39 (1) Experiment 1.
[5] Chen Tao,Xie Yangqun.Literature review of feature dimension reduction in text categorization.
Online since: March 2015
Authors: Ernaning Setiyowati, Ihsan Nasrullah
The Potency of Waste Paper “Egg Tray” as a Noise-Reduction Material
Ernaning Setiyowati1,a, Ihsan Nasrullah1
1Department of Architecture, Islamic State University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Indonesia
aernaning@arch.uin-malang.ac.id
Keywords: waste paper, egg tray, noise reduction, acoustic
Abstract.
The independent variable is Noise Reduction (NR) of egg tray.
The sound data from outside the measured wall and from the inside room that is bounded by the wall is needed to find out the ability of the wall in decreasing the noise.
From the measurement results above, it can be seen that the placement of the egg trays influence the noise reduction inside a room.
The independent variable is Noise Reduction (NR) of egg tray.
The sound data from outside the measured wall and from the inside room that is bounded by the wall is needed to find out the ability of the wall in decreasing the noise.
From the measurement results above, it can be seen that the placement of the egg trays influence the noise reduction inside a room.