Search results

Because the cold-rolled Ni3Al foils are heavily work-hardened, the fracture strength is very high, 1.7-1.9 GPa, depending on the reduction, deformation texture and tensile direction.
Three specimens for the same condition were tested and then the error bar was used to character the data scatter.
Data for the elastic stiffness for Ni3Al single crystal [6] are used to calculate the Voigt average of elastic constants.
As can be seen from notch-tip deformation (Fig. 3(a)), the reduction of the stress concentration is obviously due to the local plastic deformation at the notch root.

According to the monitored data, the current estimated PM2.5 annual average concentrations of Xi’an is 280μg/m3 , and the minimum concentration value may arrive 15μg/m3.
Continuing to make cm=15, c0=280, attenuation data in the next five years can be calculated and the results are shown in Table 2.
Therefore, governance objectives are to fully utilize funds to ensure the reduction of PM2.5 while making other pollutants concentrations down to a safe level.
According to the proposed scheme, the presence of all contaminants in atmosphere decreased, and the content of PM2.5 approached the maximum reduction level in all pollutants, making it a reasonable and balanced approach.

At present, many domestic and foreign experts have already begun research on this issue[3-5], most of these studies just fit the capacity formula of the core area concrete based of the test data, but lack of theoretical basis.
The axial compressive strength of effectively confined concrete is give by Eq.11: （11） So the carrying capacity of effectively confined concrete is give by Eq.12: （12） For the non-effectively confined concrete, because of the decline of the constraints, introduce into the concrete strength reduction factor[10], , where D is outside diameter of equivalent circular pipe.
Because there are openings on PBL stiffeners, the carrying capacity will be reduced, so introduce into the bearing capacity reduction factor [4], ( , where d is hole diameter; is height of ribs）.So Finally, the axial bearing capacity of square concrete-filled steel tubular stub column is given by Eq. 16: （16） Example analysis and discussion In this paper, we take k = 1.0, put the relevant data from literature [4] into the formula（25）,then compared the results with experimental, the results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Comparison of calculated results and test results in literature [4] Specimen number /mm /mm /mm /mm /mm /mm /mm /Mpa /Mpa /kN /kN scc20-1 600 200 4 4 60 30 50 464 43.1 3873 4122 1.06 scc20-2 600 200 4 4 60 30 80 464 43.1 3862 3874 1.00 scc20-3 600 200 4 4 60 30 100 464 43.1 3858 3955 1.02 scc30-1 900 300 4 4 90 30 100 464 43.1 7297 7793 1.07 scc30-2 900 300 4 4 90 45 100 464 43.1 7232 7088 0.98 scc30-3 900 300 4 4

This comes with the reduction of size of the descaling nozzles and improvement of the nozzle designs [1].
The reduction of the nozzle stand from the hot product, compared to the older designs, causes a shift from the region where the water jet decays into small droplets to a region where the jet tends to have bigger clusters of water or even becomes homogeneous.
The measured data is recomputed into an equidistant mesh with 0.2 mm step in the depth direction and 0.5 mm step in the width direction and is slightly blurred due to the nonzero size of the sensor.
Data from the 3D scan was recomputed into an equidistant mesh with a 0.1 mm step in the width direction and a 0.1 mm step in the direction perpendicular to the width (direction of movement of the product).

Introduction Analysis of disaster data.
According to the statistical data from UN/ISDR, the casualty loss is becoming larger and larger as time goes in which earthquake and flood causing most damage to economy, drought, flood and hurricane involve most of the people, earthquake, high temperature, flood, tsunami and hurricane has the most effect to the death toll, and flood and wind damage happened most frequently.
It is necessary to guarantee the implementation of various measurements preventing the spread and second damage of disasters and reducing disaster damages including disaster relief, construction of disaster prevention infrastructure, establishment and administration of refugees, rationing and emergency transportation of relief goods, realization of rescuing and post-disaster environmental health, that is, city disaster space should prepare for city disaster prevention and damage reduction and play a role of space carrying function of city disaster prevention, which refers to: The construction and form of city space with good disaster prevention ability; The city material space with disaster prevention function including city outer space, equipments, construction space and underground space The planning concept of “active disaster prevention”.
City disaster prevention is “passively” subordinated to overall planning and “active disaster prevention” and “safe disaster avoidance” weren’t be considered in city spacial layout, which increases the input and difficulties of implementation for disaster prevention and damage reduction and rebates the effects of disaster prevention.

During cold-rolling, the value of ρ was in the intermediate range, except during the initial 20% reduction, for which smalldraught rolling had to be applied due to restricted capacity of the experimental rolling mill [5].
After deformation the longitudinal section containing the rolling and normal directions (RD-ND) was investigated using the EBSD technique and crystallographic textures were measured in three different layers, each one of them covering one third of the sample thickness.Pole figures and orientation distribution functions (ODFs) shown in Fig. 1a and Fig. 2a are calculated from EBSD data (assuming monoclinic symmetry) in the sample cold-rolled to a von Mises strain of 3.6.
Therefore, the effect of the latter phenomenon on the texture sharpness is approximated here by computing the ODF of the simulated textures as a superposition of gaussians having a half-scatter width larger than that used for the computation of experimental textures based on EBSD data.
Valid texture predictions are provided by the TFC model and the multisite model on the condition that one accounts for the reduction of the texture sharpness due to the intra-granular orientation spread.

Ferric sulphate was employed in a secondary wastewater treatment after wet oxidation; 83% colour removal and 75% lignin reduction was reported [4].
For all data set collected at different applied voltages, the optimum removals of MB were achieved at 200 ppm of SDS concentration where 84% of MB removals achieved.
The graph trends were similar for all data set, indicating that at a high concentration of SDS the coagulation efficiency may decrease.
Srinivasakannan, Decolorization and COD reduction of paper industrial effluent using electro-coagulation.

The cells were tested using Cyclic Voltammetry Macpile II (Biologic, France) to determine the oxidation/reduction of the samples with sweep rate of 0.058 mV/sec voltage range of 2.5 – 4.4 V.
It is observed that the oxidation peak is located at 4.122 V and the reduction peak is located at 3.612 V.
Table 1: Refined structural data for the LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 synthesised at 900 and 950 ºC in oxygen for 12 hours.
Osman, Determination of interlayer mixing and oxygen non-stoichiometry in LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2-δ using powder diffraction data, Advanced Materials Research 795 (2013) 464-468.

The other was used as master microcontroller, accepted a variety of collected data from sensors, and controlled the air flow rate under the conditions of starting and idling speed [2].
In-cylinder pressure data were acquired by a Kistler-6117BFD piezoelectric high pressure transducer which was integrated with the spark plug.
As a result, the timing of peak cylinder pressure pmax is postponed, which results in the reduction of Ttq.
At the same time, with the increase of λ, heat value of mixture is decreased, which result in the reduction of combustion efficiency and output Ttq.

Several interactions between surfactant and reservoir fluids occur due to the injection such as microemulsion phase creation, adsorption, wettability alteration, and interfacial tension (IFT) reduction [1,2].
The former is the result of the microemulsion phase creation and adsorption, while the later is the result of the wettability alteration and IFT reduction.
Table 1 Data used in the simulation [5] Property Value The dimension of the porous media [ft x ft x ft] 500 x 500 x 60 Grid size 10 x 10 x 2 Horizontal permeability [md] 50 Vertical permeability [md] 5 Initial water saturation 0.3 Water viscosity [cp] 0.75 Oil viscosity [cp] 8 Specific weight of water [psi/ft] 0.433 Specific weight of oil [psi/ft] 0.388 Surfactant concentration [%] 1.25, 2.5, 5 For each case, a quarter five-spot was initialized with initial water saturation.
Matheron (1965) proposed a method of moments approach to approximate the variogram [11]: [ ] (1) )hu(z)u(z )h(N 1 )h(2 )h(N 1i 2 ii∑ +− =γ = where γ is the variogram; h is the separation vector; N(h) is the number of pairs of data separated by vector h; u is location and z of random variable of a rock property.