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Figure 4 illustrates that the data conforms to a normal distribution.
Achieving this minimal die wear value through the optimal parameter settings contributes to an increased die life and, consequently, a reduction in the overall cost of the forging process.
Conclusion The research focused on analyzing the impact of parameters such as billet temperature, die temperature, friction coefficient, and percentage reduction on the response variable of die wear during forging operations.
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to identify significant parameters, with billet temperature and percentage reduction identified as the most influential factors affecting the response.
The study also developed regression models to predict die wear, and the smaller deviation from simulated data confirmed the effectiveness of the models in predicting die wear values.

Fig. 5(b) shows EDS data of this film.
This result shows that the presence of the PEEK film in the interface is strongly related to the backlash reduction.
(b)　EDS data of PEEK film.
Haraguchi: Development of output coupling mechanisms using the harmonic drive, Proc. vol.2, 2004IEEE/RSJ (2004)pp 1275 - 1280 [4] Y.Kiyosawa: Introduction of Ultra Flat Strain Wave Gearing,JSME,No04-17,pp76-79 (2004) [5] M.Hashimoto, I.Godler: Built-in High Accuracy Torque Sending For Harmonic Drive Gears, JRSJ, vol15-5, pp802-806(1997) [6] S.Yanabe: Torsional stiffness of Harmonic Drive Reducers, JSME,vol55-509,pp216-221 (1989) [7] T.Oguri: Backlash compensation of reduction gears by twin moter cooperative control 602 JSME 145-146(2006) [8] K.Nagamura,T.Koumori: Driving Performance of High Reduction Planetary Gear Drive with Arc Tooth Profile and Pin, 123 JSME 103-106 No.07-15(2007) [9] K.Gotouda: Experimental Analysis about the Influence of Alignment Error on Transmission Error of Planetary Gears; JSME vol4,37-38(2008) [10] N.Ito,H.Hasegawa: Robust Optimization of the Gait for a Biped Robot on External Factors, JSME,No08-35 (2008) ,47-52 [11] C.Sabourin,O.Bruneau: Robustness

Introduction Today, energy-saving and reduction resistance are the main subject in design vessels.
Since the 19 century naval architects have realized that a reduction in the overall resistance of a ship can be achieved by the addition of a bulbous bow to the hull form.
Recognizing the importance of the bulbous bow form in reducing a ship’s resistance for the different resistance reduction mechanism between low medium speed vessels and high speed vessels [8], it is necessary to classify bulbous bow according to some geometric parameters.
As can be found from figures 2, the numerical results of total resistance show a fair agreement with experimental data at numerical simulation velocity range.
DV-1 DV-2 DV-3 (a) backward midship (b) fore midship Fig.5 Contour of pressure distribution Results and suggestions In this paper, it simulated the viscous wave-making flow field of three displacement deep-vee vessels, using RNGmodel to solve RANS equations, and compared with the experimental data.

The rate of mass change was also low and showed significant reduction when the exposure time was increased.
Hot Corrosion Data of AlCrFeCuNi HEA Exposure time (h) Before (g) After (g) Mass change (mg) Mass change (%) Mass change rate (mg/h) 24 0.3477 0.3476 -0.1 -0.029 -0.0042 168 1.3784 1.3785 0.1 0.007 0.0006 720 0.3459 0.3458 -0.1 -0.029 -0.0006 These results indicate that the volume of FCC phase increases when the exposure time was rising.
Hot Corrosion Data of AlCrFeNiCu Doped with 3 wt.% Nb Exposure time (h) Before (g) After (g) Mass change (mg) Mass change (%) Mass change rate (mg/h) 24 0.2531 0.2531 0 0 0 168 0.5621 0.5619 -0.2 -0.036 -0.0042 720 0.5043 0.5056 1.3 0.257 0.0077 Fig. 2.
The reduction in flow stress and elongation were like the one observed in commercial Ni-based superalloys.
Reduction in compressive yield and maximum stress was observed for the alloy tested at 650oC as compared to the one carried out in ambient temperature.

In fact the reductions of water and energy consumptions are key elements in a process development for their economical and environmental impacts [2-4].
For the reduction of energy consumption in the extraction process, some authors propose the use of microwaves or ultrasound [5-8] or by determining of the optimum amount of steam required for distillation [9].
The quantitative data were obtained from electronic integration area percents without the use of correction factors.
Data and calculation results are summarized in Table 2.
Abdel Samed: Combined process integration and fuel switching strategy for emissions reduction in chemical process plants, Energy, (2009), 34: 190-195

(a) (b) (c) Fig. 2 Structure of new dual-motor independent driving system Fig. 1 Independent driving system configuration of EV In the configuration as shown in Fig. 1(a), the motor and the reduction can be mounted on the automobile frame or body, and then drive the wheels by shaft.
But the motor and the reduction are all the non-sprung mass, which has adverse impact to vehicle dynamic performance.
Parameters of driving system Component Item Parameter Single Motor Power (Rated/Maximum) 15/30 kW Torque(Rated/Maximum) 60/130 Nm Speed/(Rated/Maximum) 2550/7500 rpm Reducer Reduction ratio 7.013 Transmission efficiency 0.93 Battery Lithium-ion battery 288V/90AH CAN-based distributed control Technology of the Dual-motor Independent Driving system One of the key technologies of independent driving system is to solve the real-time and reliability problems of the distributed control system [3].
The communication protocol of the CAN network Node name Message name Refresh rate/ms Data Definition Vehicle control unit(VCU) VCUC0 10 Cooperative Control VCUC1 50 control and manage Left motor controller(LMC) MCL1 10 Left motor state MCL2 50 Left motor state Right motor controller(RMC) MCR1 10 Right motor state MCR2 50 Right motor state Battery management system(BMS) BMS1 50 Battery state BMS2 100 Battery state Scheduling policy optimization and real-time analysis of CAN system.
For information in the CAN system, the real-time judgment formula using RM algorithm is (1) Where, is the maximum response time of message , and is the deadline of the message , and is the software processing jitter time of the message , and is the maximum waiting time, and is the online transmission time, and is the maximum blocking time, and is error handling time, and is the data length of message , and is online transmission time of bit .

The measured data apparently show that the adsorbed layer is formed with increasing pressure.
The kinetics of metal ions reduction using BOF sludge under different initial pH values revealed that all metal ions reduction is improved at high pH values.
Pseudo-first order model Pseudo-second order model Constant k1 qteor qexp R2 k2 qteor qexp R2 Units [min] [mg.g-1] [mg.g-1] [--] [min] [mg.g-1] [mg.g-1] [--] Ni 2,00 1,18 3,96 0,514 4,20 4,03 3,96 0,999 Mn 1,70 1,02 1,72 0,962 4,30 1,78 1,72 0,998 Co 2,40 5,85 7,95 0,986 1,00 8,32 7,95 0,998 The analysis of experimental data of adsorption process showed that according to the correlation coefficient of Ni(II) and Mn(II), the Langmuir model appears to be suitable for describing the adsorption process.
[8] EN 12457-4:2002 Characterization of Waste-Leaching-Compliance Test for Leaching of Granular Waste Materials and Sludges-Part 4: One Stage Batch Test at a Liquid to Solid Ratio of 10 l/kg for Materials with Particle Size below 10 mm (without or with Size Reduction), BSI, (2002)

The acquired temperature (T) vs. time (t) data were processed and cooling curves (T vs. t) were plotted using the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet software.
The nonequilibrium liquidus temperature (615.58-616.380C) measured is very close to the value of 6150C reported in the Norsk Hydro Magnesium’s data sheet [4].
The nonequilibrium solidus temperature (434.080C) is in good agreement with the data (420-4350C) existing in the literature.
[4] Data sheet, die casting magnesium alloys, Norsk Hydro Magnesium, August (1995)
Calvert: Pearson’s Handbook of Crystallographic Data for Intermetallic Phases, ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1985.

Magnet Skew Technology Investigation for the Reduction of PMLSM Thrust Ripple Jiongjiong Cai 1, 2, a, Jiaqi Ren2, b, Liang Cheng1, c and Yunyue Ye1, d 1College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China 2 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China ajiongjiong@zju.edu.cn, brenjq@zime.edu.cn,czjueecl@163.com, dyeyunyue@yahoo.com.cn Keywords: PMLSM, Thrust ripple, Magnet skew, End effect.
If , the FEM algorithm shall finish and output desired data, or N=N+1 proceed with new cycle of computation.

In this paper, INA118 and UA741 were chosen as chief components of amplifier and MSP430F149 as kernel of data collecting system. 2.1.1 Data acquisition system Fig.1 Amplification and Data Acquisition System Circuit The kernel is MSP430 microcontroller in data acquisition system.
Then, the output signal of sensor is sent into MCU through amplification and data acquisition system circuit.
The flow chart of main program is shown as figure.2 Close watchdog OpenA/D Set sampling time Set sampling time interruption Write data into buffer Read data initialization start no yes end temperature compensation Stop sampling?
The MSP430F149 was used to realize data acquisition and process functions. 0# diesel oil was used as heat media in test.
The data of figure 6 and figure 7show temperature change law with time at different distances from PTC material.