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The mechanisms of strengthening were explored in this paper through studies of microstructure, mechanical properties and textures of TWIP steel.
SFE is an important factor on deformation mechanism.
SFE are mainly affected by material composition, temperature and strain rate.
Copper{112}<111> changed the orientation to CuT{552}<115> under tension affected by twinning mechanism.
SFE was an important factor to deformation mechanism.

Probably, the most common technique for joining the rail in track on-site, for various reasons including easier alignment and other on-site factors (simplicity, portability and economy), is alumino-thermic welding [2,3].
The MZ is surrounded by a heat-affected zone that varies from 15 to 25 mm.
MZ HAZ PR PR X-ray radiograph [1] MZ HAZ MZ Web (W) Foot (F) Thermite weld Head (H) (a) (b) The mechanical properties are given in Fig. 5 and 6.
This superimposition may be in the linear elastic or nonlinear elastic plastic or creep range, depending on combined magnitude of the residual stresses and the mechanical properties of the parent material [7].
Residual stresses before welding may be caused by thermal or mechanical processes during materials manufacture or fabrication operations.

Analyzing mechanical properties of bridges have particularly significance for the operation and the construction process of long-span bridges[1-6].
In construction process of truss bridge, line shape observation of the lower chord members (the main girder) was one of the most important contents, as well as the key factor of construction quality control.
The curve Changes not only directly affected the line shape of bridge deck, but also decided whether the installation of the truss can be accurately located.
The elastic modulus of concrete was one of the primary factors affecting the structure’s line shape.

Current ore drawing studies abstract ore granular as continuum media , suppose the velocity of the granular particles and the like as the continuous function of their locations, study the movement rules of ore granular from a macro sense of statistic, not from the ore drawing nature of the problem, that is, force is critical to affect the movement to conduct systematic research , not from a mechanical point of view to study the movement law of ore [5,6,7].
PFC model 4.2 PFC Numerical Simulation Process (1)Generated loess layer, covering layer and ore particles, and gave corresponding properties; (2) Cycled to a state of equilibrium; (3)Ore drawings were carried out on the middle three inlets to the cut-off grade from left to right, both sides of the ore as boundary conditions. 4.3 Result Analysis The media drawing when each of the inlets reached the cut-off grade under the covering layer thicknesses of 15 meters, 20 meters, 25 meters and 30 meters respectively were shown in fig.3.
Meanwhile, the covering layer thickness directly affected the maximum loess deposition.
According to the investigation, thinnest cover in Jinshandian Iron is only 12 meters, then as mining proceeds, will inevitably produce a large settlement of loess, thus influx in stopes may affect production.
Qiao Guogang；Li Zhanjin ；Yang Dandan；Analysis of Factors Influencing Determination of Cover Layer Thickness in Transition from Open Pit to Underground Mining，Metal Mine，34-36(2008) [3].

Microstructure and Properties of Pure Copper Fabricated by Equal Channel Angular Pressing[J].
Effect of equal channel angular pressing on microstructure and properties of pure copper[J].
Effect of Equal Channel Angular Extrusion on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy[J].
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF SiCp/Al PARTICULATED COMPOSITE BY ECAP USING Bc ROUTE[J].
Microstructure and properties of Bc route ECAP of 7090/SiC_p composite[J].

Results and Discussion Impact of MMA on physical and mechanical properties of modified concretes.
The table 1 provides the comparative analysis of physical and mechanical properties of cement stone.
Thus, application of MMA facilitates not only lowering pore volume, but also equalization of pore-size distribution for the factors of specific surface area and pore volume and therefore, leading to increase in strength properties and freeze-thaw resistance of material.
Khorshidi, Improving Mechanical Properties of High Strength Concrete by Magnetic Water Technology, Civil Engineering, 17 (2010) 74-79
Application of methods of re-milling cement and magnetizising of water for improvement of electrical and mechanical properties of concretes, J.

Mohamed1 1Dept. of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built-Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600 Selangor, Malaysia 2Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia aakbar.othman@gmail.com Keywords: square composite tube, quasi-static, axial loading, absorbed energy Abstract.
Results showed that the tube’s energy absorption capability was affected significantly by varying of different type of composite in terms of composite fabrication and variable aspect of cross-section.
Crushing during internal energy is one of the significant factors in their application in applied vehicle crush structures [1].
Besides that of composite material they also serve other multiple advantages such as excellent in mechanical and physical properties of strength, durability, weight reduction and hence lower fuel consumption.

Together with plasma factors they facilitate the formation of fibrin.
The collagen matrix also gives additional reinforcement and so gives better mechanical properties to the healing bone [4, 5].
It is for these reasons that we took into account the use of a collagen scaffold and not for the haemostatic intrinsic properties.
This involves the enhancement of the osteoinductive effect without the possession of osteoinduction properties by releasing coagulating factors during the contact of the scaffold with the blood vessels.
Several materials factors can greatly affect the extent of bone response to the implant, including the surface roughness, the porosity, the interfacial forces, the surface charge, and the chemical composition as well as the extent of leaching of chemicals into the tissues.

Huang 2c 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK 2 Division of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK a y.daud@mech.gla.ac.uk, b m.lucas@mech.gla.ac.uk, c z.y.huang@dundee.ac.uk Keywords: Ultrasonics, Compression Tests, Aluminium Abstract.
The material properties of aluminium, derived from prior compression tests, were; Young's modulus 69 GPa, yield stress 60 MPa, Poisson's ratio 0.33.
Factors affecting the mean stress include the physical and chemical properties of the lubricants, thermal properties of the specimen, surface reactivity to the high contact stress and effectiveness of the lubricant application.
[6] Metals Handbooks Vol.8: Mechanical Testing, American Society for Metals (1979)

The aim of this paper is to study the degradation mode and the responsible factors of deterioration concrete pipe, used in the sewage’s city of Rennes (France).
Some authors report an increase of the volume with a factor 2 [13, 14].
However, the raft is almost not affected
- The concrete used has good physical, chemical and mechanical properties: a high density, compressive and tensile strength equal to those of high performance concretes, which can explain the weak deteriorations in depth (concrete highly compact with low porosity)
[6] Stewart WF., Disaggregation of Environmental Factors Affecting sewer pipe failures, Journal of Infrastructure Systems 5 (4) (1999) 150 - 158