Search results

a*Corresponding author aemail: xq98062834@sina.com; bemail: yjz13993036545@sina.com; cemail: maoyilin0728@126.com; demail: ywpsunnyboy@126.com; eemail: lchx_gjkc@sina.com Keywords: tin polymetallic paragenic ore, complicated and difficult to be separated, selection of reagent system，contrast of processing solutions Abstract: The ore compositions in a certain newly proven tin polymetallic ore are complicated, closely mosaic between different minerals and fine-grained disseminated.
The ore compositions and textures in the newly proven tin polymetallic ore in China's tin ore belt are complicated, closely mosaic between different minerals and fine-grained disseminated.
In order to research and develop new concentration process and agent suitable for the nature and characteristics of the ore, the grand investigation of mineral resources takes the complex paragenic tin pollymetallic ore as the object of study, carries on process mineralogical researches in detail on the newly proven Sn-Cu-Pb-Zn polymetallic ore, and makes thorough investigations of compositions of ore, occurrences of valuable metals and characteristics of disseminated grain size.
The number of concentrate in the selective flotation procedure is lesser, but the reagents’ kinds and dosages are in small amount, so it is easy to control each separation procedure.
In order to research and develop concentration process and reagent system suitable for the nature and characteristics of the ore, the research project takes the most important and biggest tin polymetallic complex paragenic ore as the object of study, carries on process mineralogical researches in detail on the newly proven Sn-Cu-Pb-Zn polymetallic ore, and makes thorough investigations of compositions of ore, occurrences of valuable metals and characteristics of disseminated grain size.

Particularly, deformation twinning (instead of dislocation slip) appears to be the preferred plastic deformation mode of austenite at the early stage of the process, leading to the formation of multiple nano-twins in coarse grains that are responsible for the material ductility enhancement.
It is evident that a strong grain refinement —promoted by the above cited deformation mechanisms— can contribute to the enhancement of the material ductility: therefore, the explanation of the remarkable formability limits associated with SPIF processes needs the comprehension of the underlying microstructural phenomena.
Particularly, deformation twinning (instead of dislocation slip) is the preferred mode of austenite plastic deformation at the early stages of the process: multiple nano-twins in coarse grains form, making it possible a significant structural refinement and therefore an increase of the material ductility.
In particular, four samples were cut from the part wall and an ID number was assigned to each of them: sample n.1 nearby the fracture zone, samples n.2 and n.3 along the wall, approx at 1/3 and 2/3 of the height, and sample n.4 just below the backing plate.
The mechanical stabilization of the deformed austenite, originating at increasing amount of strain and due to strong defects such as grain boundaries and intense dislocation debris in vicinity of austenite/martensite interface, can therefore represent a possible explanation of the material capability to withstand high levels of deformation.

Accumulative Roll-Bonding (ARB) process is a severe plastic deformation (SPD) process, capable of developing grains below 1 µm in diameter and improving mechanical properties of the material.
Some processes exist which are characterized by high deformations and a corresponding refinement of grain structure.
Fig. 1 Schematic illustration of the ARB process This sequence is then repeated until the desired number of layers is attained.
The number of interfaces would be (2n-1), where n is number of cycles [6].
The number of layers and qualitative observations concerning the bonds and the edges are also indicated.

The needle shaped crystals are almost disappeared with the formation of a small number of particles and a continuous phase occured under them (Fig. 4c).
Formation of the grain like structure in pelleted sample is clearly visible (Fig. 5c).
Nano ceramic composites exhibit a unique microstructure formed by 150 to 500 nm thick nano-rod and plate-like grains.
The rod and plate like grains completely disappear when boron is added as doping material.
The merit number of the compound doped with the 0.3 % (w/w) Sample III was found to be highest among four different samples.

The bending test defined flexural properties under central loading .The specimen was supported on the rig that it was quite free to follow the bending action and will not be restrained by friction (Fig 2).The load was applied continuously at a rate of 1.0 mm per minute in Shimadzu UTM, model number SFL-100 KN-AG.
The joint efficiency in tension parallel to grain in PRF, PVAc- D3 with that of solid wood was measured for 8 necked-down specimens each and the failure description was noted referring the illustration in ASTM D 7469.
Compression test parallel to grain.
Delamination of a specimen is defined as the sum of all the delamination found excluding the outermost glue lines divided by the total length of the exposed glue lines on the end grain surface, expressed as a percentage.
Comparing with the failure descriptions of solid wood specimens in ASTM D 143 the majority of the solid wood specimens failed in bending under simple tension and few in cross grain tension.

Two peaks are presented at Eu and Yb (named "double peaks effect") in the relative sketch of atomic radii to atomic number of lanthanide, while solid solubility of rare earth elements in magnesium just present two valleys at Eu and Yb.
Solid solubility of rare earth elements in magnesium and their electronegativity dependent of rare earth atomic number are shown in Fig. 1.
Correspondingly to this, solid solubility of rare earth elements in magnesium increases with the increase of atomic number but two valleys appear at Eu and Yb.
It is promising to develop the new heat-resistant magnesium 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Solid solubility (at.%) Lu Yb Tm Er HoDyTbGd Eu SmNd Pr La Ce Yb Tb Eu Lu Tm ErHoDy Gd Sm Nd Pr Ce La a b Electronegatity Atomic number 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 0 5 10 15 20 b a Fig.1 Electronegativity(a) and RE solid solubility in Mg(b) versus RE atomic number alloys containing the mixture of Ce and La.
Refined grain and fine network of Al-RE phase along grain boundaries contribute to its good mechanical performances.

The number and size of droplets decreased when the negative bias voltage increased from -100 V to -300 V.
Compared with the surface morphologies of TiN coatings deposited at different negative bias voltage, it can be identified that the number and size of the droplets decreased with substrate bias voltage increasd.
The reason was as follow: for one things, with the increasing of the negative bias, more energy the ion got, the high-energy ion can made the big size droplets smaller to refined grain size; for another, because of the poor adhesive force between the droplets and film, the use of a high-energy ion resulted in the removal of loosely bonded coating droplets and the improvement of coating property.
The main reason can be attributed to the high-energy ion, which made the growth mode of the film transformation from the columnar crystal mode to equiaxed crystal mode, resulted in grain refining and the improvement of coating property.

The main energy sources at home and abroad is still fossil fuel, but oil is a nonrenewable resource, the output will gradually decrease, From the large number of fossil fuel emissions of air is causing a major cause of air pollution, energy crisis and environmental pollution have effect sustainable development of human survival and health.
Especially, it can be cultivated in sandy land and is a non-food grain and the dried material of its tubers contains over 50% inulin.Jerusalem artichokes can be harvested every year 4 to 5 times.
china is now the world's third largest country of ethanol produced material, besides the United States and Brazil . the Chinese government announcing in 2007 are no longer with the grain as raw materials to produce bio-ethanol, and emphasizes the use of non-food raw materials to produce bio-ethanol.。
The feedsotck of production bioethanol At the present, the main raw materials for production include sugarcane, cassava starch, corn starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch and sweet sorghum starch, most of which are food and starchy grains.

The results of these reactions are the fine-grained forms of calcium carbonate (aragonite, vaterite).
At the third stage of carbonatation the fine-grained crystals start slowly to crystallise to coarse-grained phases of calcium carbonate (calcite).
Acknowledgements This article was done with the financial help of EU „The Research and Development for Innovation“, project reg. number.

However, solid-state reaction method has some unavoidable disadvantages, such as the processing conditions fail to allow for easy control of microstructure, grain size or shape of the resulting powders.
with the development of science and technology in the field of materials, a number of wet chemical synthesis methods have been developed and successfully used for the preparation of YAG or YIG nano-sized powders, such as the sol–gel method, hydrothermal synthesis, spray thermal decomposition and metal-organic preceramic processing.
Besides, the grain diameters are homogeneous and dispersibility is favorable.
With the increase in of sintering temperature, the crystalline grain of YAG powders was enlarged and the crystallite shape was changed from irregular to regulation.