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For all case volume of fins remains constant factor with Reynolds number 1200 and constant wall heat flux of 200 W/m2.
For laminar flow and heat transfer, comprehensive experimental and numerical investigations have been performed for variable fluid properties, mixed convection and fin geometry.
(2009), numerically studied the various type fin configuration and how they affects the performance of a internally finned tube.
Thatoi and AK Mishra, Numerical Analysis of Mixed Convection through an Internally Finned Tube, Advances in Mechanical Engineering.
Advances in Mechanical Engineering. 2012(ID 918342), pp. 10 pages,

The basis for surface evaluation is formed by the measured parameters, which, however, provide generally only a partial view of some properties of the surface.
Dependence of surface quality on properties of the rolled material Evaluation of the cold formability of steel is performed by numerous laboratory and technological tests.
(1) Determination of suitable technological parameters Due to the fact that the basic objective consists in achievement of better properties of material (strength, toughness, plasticity, etc.), the knowledge of influence of individual parameters affecting rolling is of crucial importance.
It enables interactive mathematical modelling the process according to arbitrarily selected inputs and required outputs for various types of rolled materials at respecting their specific mechanical properties.
Comparison of mechanical properties of surface layers with use of nanoindentation and microindentation tests.

Fig. 1 Bridge cross sectional drawing (unit: mm) Fig. 2 Bridge elevation（unit: cm ） Test purposes Through making static loading test on the hollow slab beam to observe the mechanical properties and bearing capacity of the hollow beams, whether the beam can meet the design and use requirements can be determined.
To ensure the detection results, the size of the test load is controlled by using static loading test efficiency factor as shown in Table. 1.
Table. 1 Static loading efficiency factor Control section Test items Design load Test load Load efficiency factor Mid-span section Moment（kN×m） 474.06 608.63 1.01 Note: The design load factor does not consider the influence of impact coefficient caused by vehicle.
The loading testing process shows the testing picture corresponding to different static loading test efficiency factor.
The beam mechanical performance meets the requirements under normal use state.

The paper explains their operation, key factors affecting performance like blade number, aspect ratio, and overlap ratio.
Zemamou [10] reviewed Savonius VAWTs and their performance factors, showcasing efficiencies 27-38% higher than conventional rotors through innovative designs.
The review emphasizes self-starting ability, wind handling, efficiency, and cost as key factors.
Material Selection and its Properties The material needs to be structurally robust with a tensile strength and fatigue strength of at least 300 MPa and 150 MPa to withstand wind, vibrations, and temperature variations.
Advances in Mechanical Engineering, vol. 7, no. 5, May 2015

All of these factors mean that welds are a focal point for damage including fatigue cracking.
In the safety factor approach the weld is assumed to have the same properties as the parent material and the possibility of this not being correct is accounted for by large safety factors within the conservatism of the design.
These safety factors can only be justified as protection against wear and corrosion.
If these damage mechanisms are not important then safety factors lead to unnecessarily thick section and heavy designs
An estimate of how much each of these details affects the S-N curve is then provided.

The efficiency of logistics packaging depends on the selection of logistics equipment, standardization level of operation process, and rationalization packaging and other factors.
Firstly, packaging products have consumed huge resources for production and has not been developed well; secondly, the poor physical and mechanical properties of packaging materials have leaded to waste resources seriously [3].
The Humanized Design of Transport Packaging Transport packaging could load and protect goods, resist the climate condition factors’ encroaching such as temperature, humidity, UV, rain and snow during the storage process, ease the effect of the external force as pressure, vibration, impact, friction, ensure product go through each operation link safely as loading, storage, and carrying in the circulation, increase the load and volume of carrying tools, curtail the operation time and increase the efficiency of operation[4].
It is that goods are put on the shelves efficiently, and at the same time do not affect consumer to purchase.
Moreover, according to the ergonomic principles, you need to standardize the external morphology of packaging container, and consider the elderly requirements as grasping and griping saving labor and not easy to slip away, besides, consider the safe factors of packaging, eliminating the sharp edge of product packaging or container, rounding the corners to reduce the harm caused by packaging for elderly.

Because of its antibacterial properties, cinnamaldehyde has widely used as active agent introduced to packaging films [2].
This kind of pectin powder affects the type of used crosslinking agent.
Plasticizer added to films affected the higher values of water sorption in PBS solution pH 7.4 due to its polar property [21].
The study of diffusion kinetics of cinnamaldehyde from cornstarch-based film into food simulant and physical properties of antibacterial polymer film.
Antibotulinal Properties of Selected Aromatic and Aliphatic Aldehydes.

The direction of the positive propagating is input layer-hidden layer-output layer, and the state of each layer affects only the next one.
(2) Where v is the velocity of the particle, ω is the inertia factor(linear descending), c1 and c2 are the learning factor, φ1 and φ2 are the random number between (0,1), x is the current position of the particle, pbest is the best position at present of the particle, gbest is the best position at present of the swarm.
The balance and constraint among the three parts in formula (1) determine the main properties of the PSO-BP algorithm.
Inertia factor ω is just the impact factor that the last speed of the particles affects the current one, which is mainly used to balance the global search ability and local search capabilities of the particle swarm.
(3) Where iter is the current number of iteration, itermax is the maximum number of iteration to run, ωmax and ωmin are the maximum and minimum settings of the inertia factor.

Finally, the 7150 Aluminum alloy treated with RRA technique has good mechanical properties.
Although it only goes through a short time from being researched to being applied, the excellent properties of aluminum make the aluminum alloy once researched and developed be recognized and widely used.
The restricting factors causing the block for aluminum production and development in China mainly include the aspects below: 1) From the view of quantity, the aluminum ore reserve in China is abundant.
According to the different structural properties of materials, it can use rigid elastic plastic finite element method and plastic, visco plastic finite element method etc. in the specific work.
Conclusion In summary, this paper mainly research and discuss the properties of 7150 Aluminum Alloy shown in multipass hot-rolling process and the related simulation data, and analyzes the displayed experimental data.

The mechanical property of the compressed wood was discussed [1-5].
The objective is to investigate the effect of the compressive ratio in biaxial compression on the change in the mechanical property under impact or quasi-static condition.
Initial Rv: 25 % Rv: 40 % Rv: 60 % Fig.4 Progressive deformation patterns in equal-biaxial compression Rv: Reduction in volume Testing Conditions of 4-point Impact Bending Test The mechanical property of the biaxially compressed wood is evaluated by the 4-point bending test as shown in Fig.5.
The gage length of the strain gage is 5mm and its gage factor is 2.1.
The effect of compression ratio remarkably affects the change in Young’s modulus when the wood becomes dense.