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These tests are carried out on a 5KN capacity Z 20 type bending machine, electrically controlled and provided with software for acquisition and processing of data.
It is brittle, soft and is therefore a good solid lubricant; this explains the contribution to the reduction of the friction coefficient, the mass loss and the wear rate.
The following conclusions can be drawn: - The addition of graphite powder causes fragility of UP and leads to a drastic reduction of the ultimate stress and strain at failure.

Five specimens were used for each test and the average data with corresponding standard deviation was reported.
The increasing of NBRr loading resulted in reduction of composite crytallinity due to reduction in HDPE matrix component.

Fundamental attributes of pre-alloyed powders Pre-alloyed powders for diamond tools are generally prepared by chemical co-precipitation reduction and water atomization.
Table 1 Fundamental attributes of pre-alloyed powders Symbol of powders Chemical composition (%) True density (g/cm 3) Reduction temperature (℃) Content of oxygen (wt%) Scott density (g/cm 3) Average particle diameter D50，(μm) 04 Fe65Cu20Ni7Sn8 8.03 620～640 0.38 3.4 17.8 05 Fe65Cu25Co10 8.15 620～640 0.29 2.9 18.3 06 Fe15Cu 75Co10 8.72 600～620 0.24 2.6 15.3 A Cu－Co 8.48 － 1.07★ 1.1～1.6 ★ 4.95 B Cu－Co 8.75 － 1.04★ 1.0～1.5 ★ 4.45 C Fe－Co 8.05 － 0.39 2.16 13.97 Co 100% Co 8.9 400～420 0.28 0.9 1.5 ★ is from the references, and the others are experimental data by author.

However, the mechanism of CMP is vague by and large, and it is a difficult circle to square to bridge the gap between the empirical or semi-empirical data used to optimize CMP process and theoretical predictions.
The slurry characteristics, such as the solid particle size, the particle hardness and concentration, coupling with some other factors, for instance, the slurry viscosity, the dispersant, the lubricant etc., have important influences on the reduction of the surface roughness Ra, the waviness Wa, scratches, pits, etc.
Slurry preparation performances in reduction of waviness and roughness Slurry prepared in this way will contribute to high quality of disk substrate polished.

The ARB process was performed by 50%-reduction (equivalent strain, ε=0.8/cycle) rolling under dry conditions at room temperature.
Once equiaxed grains formed, further reduction in the grain size was not observed with the further cycles.
The tensile strength and the elongation to failure of each sample in Fig. 4(a) are plotted against cycles of ARB in Fig. 4(b), where the data points for a zero cycle were from the as-received Al sample.

And the traditional way is different, it uses non-contact way reduction, reduce the mechanical brake of wear and improve the service life of the braking system of unmanned aerial vehicle.
Drum Figure 1 Electric eddy current brake structure The eddy current brake principle is through the eddy current and magnetic field interact to produce braking torque make unmanned aerial vehicle reduction, so as to achieve the purpose of braking.
[3] ROMAIN Pascaud，RENAUD Loison．Near—field data compression for the far— field computation in FDTD[J]．Microwave Opt Technol，2006，39(3):1155-1157

It is an effective, important, and highly contributing agent in the reduction of the specific cost of a techology.
The contribution of R&D to a reduction in the specfic-cost development is highest in the innovation stage, where the availabily of the technology for deployment is zero.
The future installed capacity of wind power is determined according to the national “12th Five-Year Plan”, and other parameters come from the data released by the China Electricity Council and the literatures [6,7].

Ceria (cerium dioxide) has been used as support in different chemical process such as wastewater treatment, fuel cells, three-way catalyst (TWC) for NOx reduction in automobile exhaust gas emissions, catalytic hydrocarbon combustion, flue gas desulfurization (FGD) at high temperature, the gasification of fossil fuels, as well as other processes [3–4].
It is observed that the inclusion of copper in the structure of ceria led to decreases in intensity and broadening of diffraction peaks, suggesting that there was a reduction in the crystallinity of the material as the copper concentration was increasing.
This affirms is based on the data presented in Table 2.

Urban Intelligent public transport Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China make clear in the "Twelve-Five" period to carry out "urban public transport intelligent application demonstration project" completed "a system, a Center, the three major platforms", a system where public transport running status monitoring system, a central resource centre public transport data, the three major platforms: public transit monitoring platform, public transport operation and dispatch management system and public transportation information service system.
Low carbon transportation system Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China carry out the "national low carbon transport system-building demonstration project", selected a total of 26 cities which low carbon transport system demonstration cities and 10 regional pilot in two-years.Central financial investment in energy conservation and emissions reduction Fund every year, subsidies for energy saving and emission reduction projects.Transport Department also encourages the national bicycle and pedestrian system of urban construction, and construction of Taiyuan City, Hangzhou public bicycle system by the majority of the public's favorite, a good solution to the last mile connection problems on public transport.

The acute shortage of the electric power in a winter season, which is caused by the reduction of rivers drain with a simultaneous growth of power consumption, forces to look for new technical solutions on rational use of hydro-energy resources.
The analysis of performance data on the existing types of hydro turbines has showed that on the basis of DFIM it is necessary to use the hydro turbine of radial-axial (RA) type with low coefficient of rapidity to provide efficient operation of the HU for mini-hydroelectric power station (Fig. 2).
Reduction in HU is accompanied by increase in water consumption via the turbine (Fig. 6) according to static characteristics of the hydraulic turbine (Fig. 1).