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These properties are mainly due to extensive twins formation under mechanical load, known as the TWIP (TWinning Induced Plasticity) effect.
The mechanical and microstructural properties of these steels have already been subjected to several studies [4-6], while the effect of RSW is not well known.
In this context, welding parameters, and the ensuing mechanical properties of welded joints, are critical not only on the welded joint quality, but they also influence car body security and reliability during vehicle lifetime.
To date, the relationship between these properties and process parameters of resistance spot welded TWIP sheet steels are not well known.
These cracks can be go deeply inside the welded joint and, hence, affect the tensile-shear strength values, Fig. 5.

In such applications, fracture properties are considered to be critical from the quality characterization point of view.
Significant contribution in the development of rotational moulding process and product was made by Crawford [5-7] in knowing the powder properties and its structure.
In such applications, fracture properties are considered to be critical from the quality characterization point of view.
According to ASTM D6068 (2012), J integral is given by Eq. 1 J = Je+Jp (1) Here Je & Jp are the elastic and plastic components of total J value given by the Eq. 2 Je = ηe Ue/ B(W-a) Jp = ηp Up/ B(W-a) (2) Were Ue & Up are the elastic and plastic components of the total energy. ηe & ηp are their corresponding work factors.
This variation clearly implies that the cooling conditions are significantly affecting the final product quality in rotational moulding process.

Hence, we can estimate the local stress intensity factor k caused by disclination shielding using the following equation[9].
When grain boundaries exist around crack tips, impinged lattice dislocations at grain boundaries can also affect the mechanical properties of the crack tip, so the effect of impinged lattice dislocations on the mechanical field around the crack tip can be called grain-boundary shielding as shown in Fig. 1(c)[2].
Table 1 shows local stress intensity factors kdiscli caused by dislcination dipoles estimated using Eq. (2), and we can confirm that disclination shielding effect increases with adc keeping the Frack vector ω.
It can clearly be seen that the stress intensity factor kdiscli and ¯σdiscliz caused by a disclination dipole increases linearlyTable 1: Local stress intensity factors caused by dislication dipole, kdiscli, the dislocation-dislocation interaction forces, fdd', local and applied stress intensity factors and applied stresses for the first dislocation emission from the crack tip, k1ste , K1ste and σ1sta , which are calculated by linear elastic theory, for each model.
Before tensile simulations for atomic models, we first estimate the local stress intensity factors k1ste and applied stresses σ1sta required for the first dislocation emission from the crack tip using linear elastic theory.

This ferrogel exhibited combination properties of magnetic fillers and elastic hydrogels.
Meanwhile, the quality of the structure refinement and solution is given by the R factor, which relates the observed and calculated structure factors.
There are two factors such as the pH and the energy transfer in this process that cause the change of particles size.
All magnetic properties increase with increasing particles size.
THE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SAMPLES INCREASES WITH INCREASING PARTICLE SIZE.

This characteristic, together with its cost and its wide range of mechanical properties, make it an ideal material for industrial functions.
These include S275 structural steel, which has a low carbon content and is widely used for its mechanical properties.
The material employed is a low carbon structural steel (Table 1) widely used in several industrial sectors due to its excellent mechanical properties such as a yield strength of 275 N/mm2, being the carbon steel with the highest yield strength among the most common ones [17].
Chemical composition and mechanical properties of S275 steel %C 0.25 %Fe 98.01 %Mn 1.60 %P 0.04 %S 0.05 %Si 0.05 Yield Strength (MPa) 275 Tensile Strength (MPa) 450 Thickness (mm) 2 The microdrilling has been carried out on TCI Cutting water jet cutting equipment (TCI Cutting, Valencia, Spain).
[17] Nick Gilbert, Strcutural Steel - S235, S275, S355 Chemical Composition, Mechanical Properties and Common Applications, AZO Mater. 1 (2012) 1–5

To answer the market demand, process costs reduction and development of new materials with improved properties, constitutes key factors to increase the diffusion of the AM technologies.
Powder Manufacturing Process Optimization Powder characteristics have a strong impact on the processability in the AM machines, influencing the final quality of the component, affecting the powder bed formation and hence the development of melt pools and microscopic homogeneity.
The main powder parameters are: shape, size distribution, density, flowability, porosity, thermal properties, surface properties, impurities.
These properties were studied by variation of Tpouring to evaluate their effect.
The dispersion of ceramic particles allows to improve mechanical properties of metal alloys.

This condition affects to the low performance of the furnace so that influences the productivity of craftsmen.
The level of interference can affect workers’ comfort and directly affect the performance and productivity of the workers [4].
One of the factors that need to be considered to improve the performance of the furnace is how insulation systems do.
Increase the thermal efficiency of the combustion process using charcoal as fuel is strongly influenced by the properties, such as wood density, ash content and elemental composition of plants is determined and correlated with calorific value [8].
An assessment of Indian fuelwood with regards to properties and environmental impact.

From reference [4], the main cutting force can be derived from the unit cutting force for turning as follows: FZ=F·ap· f · KfFz KvFz KrFz Kbr1Fz KkFz KλsFz KrεFz KvbFz FZ-main cutting force F-unit cutting force ap-cutting depth f-feed rate Kf Fz-feed rate modification factor KvFz-cutting speed modification factor KrFz-rake angle modification factor Kbr1fz-the ratio(width to feed)modification factor Kkfz -main angle modification factor Kλsfz-cutting edge inclination modification factor KrεFz-the radius of cutting edge modification factor KvbFz-flank wearing modification factor The process for knowledge modeling is as follows: (1)determine and standardize the input and output of the neural network.
In the above formula, there are eight factors that affects the modification factor.
The transfer function between input layers to hidden layer is: The transfer function between hidden layers to output layer is: (3)Determine the sample size The property of the neural network can be improved by more samples as neural is trained by samples.
Process Planning knowledge discovery based on CAPP database or mechanical manufacturing enterprise.
[4]Wang shaojun, Hand book for manufacturing process, Beijing Mechanical publishing company, Beijing, 1985, p.68.

Subsequently, segregation of alloying elements takes place in TWDI casting, which diminishes its mechanical properties [6].
As a result, to overcome problems associated with producing TWDI, understanding of the mensioned factors is vital [11].
It is reported that mechanical properties of TWDI castings, especially strength and ductility, depend directly on graphite roundness; the more roundness of graphite nodules, the higher mechanical properties in TWDI castings [11].
The graphite nodule diameter has a remarkable effect on mechanical properties of TWDI casting [16,17].
As the precipitation of iron carbide in the microstructure severely diminishes the mechanical properties, especially ductility [2,17,18], it is important to produce carbide-free microstructure to make sure the soundness with conjunction to optimum mechanical properties of the TWDI castings.

The performance of lock-rope mechanism affects the safe and efficient operation of mine hoisting system directly.
The lock-rope mechanism with wedge angle 5° was designed by the mechanical analysis of wedge lock rope.
(a) simplified model (b) Meshing figure Fig.3 Simplification and meshing of solid model Based on the above key factors, the dynamic simulation analysis of the wedge rope-locking mechanism can be carried out by using the dynamic module of ANSYS/LS-DYNA.
Table 1 Definition of material type Material properties Title Density (N/mm3) Elasticity modulus (N/mm2) Poisson's ratio Material type The wire rope 7.85e-5 7.26e4 0.167 elastomer The wedge rope-locking block 7.85e-5 2.1e5 0.3 elastomer The bearing pedestal 7.85e-5 2.1e5 0.3 rigid body In the process of the locking rope, the wedge rope-locking block only has the vertical and horizontal displacement due to the limitation of the pressure plate, and the wire rope only has the vertical displacement.
Beijing: Mechanical industry Press, 2007.