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Introduction For design, high specification materials is necessary the knowledge and the correlation of structure and properties to design of materials for engineering applications [2-7], being vital in magnetic sensor development [8-13].
The structure of magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by Bruker AXS D8 diffractometer using CuKα radiation (λ=1.54056 Å) between 200 < 2θ < 800 and Mettler Toledo TGA / SDTA.
Hristoforou, Cyclodextrin inclusion complexes as novel MOCVD precursors for potential cobalt oxide deposition, Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 24, p. 112-121, 2010 [20] N.
Hristoforou, Effects of MOCVD thin cobalt films' structure and surface characteristics on their magnetic behavior, Chemical Vapor Deposition, 17, p. 211-220, 2011

Preparation of High Lithium-Ion Conductive Ceramic Kengo Oda, Satoko Takase, and Youichi Shimizu* Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata, City of Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan * shims@tobata.isc.kyutech.ac.jp Keywords: solid electrolyte, lithium ionic conductive, NASICON-type, sol-gel method.
The usual structure of these compounds is rhombohedra, space group R3c, but in some particular cases they also show a low temperature phase of lower symmetry [3].
Lithium analogues of Na3Zr2P3O12(NZP), exhibits a low ionic conductivity because a Li+ ion is too small in size to migrate freely in their three-dimension network structure.
All diffraction lines were indexed based on a rhombohedral structure with a space group of R3c.

Experimental Procedure Carbon nanotubes prepared by the catalytic decomposition of CH4 were provided by Chengdu Insititute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
For some bundles, small parts are pulled out from the whole bundles[10] and the other parts fracture (Fig. 4 (a)), which show that the nanotube bundles bear great tension stress in the process and benefit the toughening of ceramics .The different states of nanotubes in the fracture surface may be due to the influence of sintering duration on the tube structure, because the density and grain sizes of the two samples are nearly the same in microstructure observation.
The main features in the Raman spectrum [7] are the disorder-induced D band at 1350 cm-1 and the G band corresponding to the crystalline graphitic structures at 1580 cm-1.
The increased intensity of peak for the D-band relative to the G-band with increasing sintering duration from 0 min to 2 min means destruction of graphite tube structure.

Nakahira1, d 1 Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matusgasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan 2 Osaka prefectural College of Technology, 26-12, Saiwai-cho, Neyagawa, 572-8572, Japan a ta_kubo@chem.kit.ac.jp, bwa_kato@chem.kit.ac.jp, cyyuki@ipc.osaka-pct.ac.jp, d nakahira@kit.ac.jp Keywords: Titanium, Titanate, Nanotube, Heat-treatment, Hydrothermal treatment, Stirring Abstract In this study, the synthesis of nanotubular titanate was attempted though heat-treatment in an oil bath (non-hydrothermal treatment), heat-treatment with stirring in an oil bath (non-hydrothermal treatment), or hydrothermal treatment for metal Ti in NaOH aqueous solution systems.
However, to date, there are a lot of questions in these nanotubes such as their structures and mechanism for formation etc.
According to result of TEM observation, this whisker-shaped product had tubular structures with about 10 nm in outer diameter and 5 nm in inner diameter (Fig.1b) as well as that prepared by Kasuga et al [2][3].
Therefore, it was considered that the combination of a hydrothermal treatment and/or stirring (or mixing) was effective for the formation of the nanotubular structures for the synthesis of the nanotubes.

Analysis of Transverse Cracks Forming in a Railway Axle Hongxiang Yina Metal and Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing 100081, China ayhxlloy1314920@yeah.net Keywords: axle; tiny cracks; fatigue crack; fretting wear; iron oxide Abstract.
Davies[8] reported that the reciprocating sliding contact have harmful effects on cyclic loading structure.
Metallographic structure at the crack was observed, as shown in Fig. 10.
It is in accordance with characteristics of fretting wear. 2) The crack depth shown in the metallographic structure is consistent with the old mark depth in the fracture.

Even by these analytical methods, however, crystal structure of the calcium phosphate introduced onto the CaP-treated specimen has not yet been identified.
The resultant composite structure of laminin and apatite might be responsible for the long-term stability of the composite in a pseudo-physiological solution [5] and its excellent cell adhesive property [3].
[4] Elliot JC: Structure and Chemistry of the Apatites and Other Calcium Phosphates (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam 1994)

Functional Modules The various parts of the structure are selected with the analysis of the expected technical parameters of the biochemical testing device at first.
Then all kinds of functional modules are divided basing on the structures, as figure 1 showing.
The structure of the code is given as follows: actionList [Sequence] [actionType] [action Parameter], where Sequence is the action sequences in the testing processes, actionType is each module and the actionParameter is the specific parameters of the corresponding module.
McBride et al:Autonomous Detection of Aerosolized Biological Agents by Multiplexed immunoassay with Polymerase Chain Reaction Confirmation.Analytical Chemistry Vol.77,No.1(2005), p.284-289 [7] Erwin Yacoub-George, Waltraud Hell et al:Automated 10-channel capillary chip immunodetector for biological agents detection.Biosensors and Bioelectronics Vol.22,No.7(2007), p.1368-1375 [8] Vogeser, Michael ,Kirchhoff, Fabian:Progress in automation of LC-MS in laboratory medicine.

Eluted samples were analyzed with atomic absorption spectrometry, and absorption capacity was calculated. 3 Results and discussion 3.1 Characterization of material The samples crystal structures were characterized using XRD.
It can be concluded that barium-strontium titanate loaded on the aluminum oxide had a perovskite structure.
After being calcined at 900℃ (spectral line 3), the mainly absorption peaks not turned, indicating that the aluminum oxide structure be not changed after high temperature processing.
The adsorbent had a promising prospect in analyticl chemistry for speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI).

The use of chitosan is either for coating alginate beads in order to alter the diffusion rate of the encapsulated substances[8] or as an additive for the bulk modification of the beads structure[9].
Materials Sodium alginate of low viscosity (280cps for a 2% solution at 25) and chitosan (M.W.~2.3×106 ) with a degree of dazcetylation of approximately 80% was purchased from Shanghai Chemistry Agent Company (Shanghai, China), tea polyphenol, calcium chloride were punchased from Sigma Chemical Co.
The result showed a uniform porous structure with a high degree of interconnectivity.
The surface of tea polyphenol loaded alginate-chitosan microspheres determined by scanning electron micrographs had a roughened surface with ridges and a uniform porous structure with a high degree of interconnectivity.

As pristine TiO2 only absorbs UV light, many strategies, therefore, have been devoted to design novel TiO2-based photocatalysts with high photocatalytic efficiency by extending the light-response range of TiO2 to visible light region and/or by reducing the h+–e recombination probability, for which, numerous research attempts are currently being employed including: 1) crystal growth to tailor phase, shape, defect, and size of TiO2 together with its crystallinity [3], 2) metal or non-metal doping to modify electronic structure, and 3) heterostructuring design to integrated multi-semiconductor systems to promote the separation of h+–e pairs and/or modify electronic structure [4].
H3PW12O40 (12-tungstophosphoric acid), a kind of widely used polyoxometalate (POM) in homogeneous acid- and photocatalytic reactions, is a very strong Brǒnsted acid and efficient electron trap with well-defined Keggin structure [5].
Acknowledgements This work is supported by Open Fund KF2011-13 from State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology.