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Body diode has also been widely recognized and utilized as free-wheeling diode instead of SBD to realize cost reduction and shrinkage of the systems comprising of the SiC power devices.
Typical one chip data were plotted for each condition in the following Figs. 3-6 since all measured samples showed the same trend.
The data of Figs. 5 are replotted from the view of the temperature dependence.
Generally, more forward current flows at high temperature than at room temperature due to two effects:(i) the increase of the carrier density (particularly, minority carrier density) and (ii) the reduction of forward voltage (VF) derived from the suppression of the potential barrier.

From these data an increase of the yield from 87% to 92% can be observed as the growth rate increases.
From these data an electrical defect density of 22.2 /cm2 has been obtained for the standard process with silane.
further reduction of this density to 5 /cm2 has been obtained.
This reduction of the defects density and the possibility of growing at high grow rate gives the opportunity of manufacturing large devices that can carry high current in forward bias and that can have very high breakdown voltage.

This techniques called Variable valve timing VVT or named as variable valve control VVC, variable valve actuation VVA, variable valve event VVE, variable valve system VVS, variable timing control VTC. [2] A study has been conducted by changing Cam height (Cam profile) the movement will effect the changes valve high and gives more opening of the valve duration which lead to reduction in pumping losses at different loads operation and also improve the torque and engine efficiency [3-5].
The quantity of air-fuel required determined by hydraulic system which comes from a data management system that gives signals to increase and reduce the valve height.
The pin diameter for the 1/3 of the length from the bottom has same diameter of the cavity with slight reduction for installation.
The oil pump is connected to a controller such as PIC’s and pumping oil pressure according the data fed for different speeds.

The system mainly includes two-stage reduction gear, screw, nut, and fork-lever driven by a servo motor with a controller.
The two-stage reduction gear is formed by a double cylindrical gear and two cylindrical gears.
An equivalent family of plant transfer functions of the system can be analytically, numerically from the system model or directly from experimental input-output data obtained from the real system [10],[11].
Additional external reference signal can be applied to the feedback connection of positioning mechanism to provide sufficient excitation while gathering data for identification.

However, because of the problems such as compatibility of data, when the outer data is loading, the model is too complicated to omit the unrecognized features, and the model may fracture and the substance may be lost.
The principle of topology optimization is to minimize the structural compliance under the condition of meeting structural volume reduction.
The volume function VOLUME is defined as the constraint function, and the volume reduction is set as 40%.

Several investigations reported that the application of CICs caused a reduction in fatigue life [1,2], while some reported that CICs were beneficial in terms of fatigue performance[3,4].
The treated specimens were tested using six different peak load levels (10 kN, 8 kN, 7 kN, 5 kN, and 4 kN), providing more data points in the S-N curve.
Using the data obtained, cracks initiated at two different locations: at an area of fretting damage, and at the hole edge area.
The presence of the CIC can also change the fatigue life of the specimens substantially; in these initial results the life reduction is up to a factor of two or three.

Introduction A planetary gear reducer of less tooth difference with biasing crankshaft is widely applied in national defense, metallurgy, mine, transportation and instrument industries etc because it has many advantages, such as with compact structure, bigger reduction ratio，small size, light weight, high transmission efficiency, high carrying capacity, good coaxality of input and output[1].
The reduction of tooth difference significantly increases the transmission ratio, also brings the problem of profile overlap interference.
Tab.2 The comparison of the calculation results of the different step lengths Gs 0.600 0.8523 2.42 1.1337 0.6 0.05047 0.788 1.0359 2.345 1.1146 0.6 0.0500 The data of the first line is the results obtained when the step size takes 0.01, the data of the second line is the results when the step size takes 0.001.

The non-linear concrete material model used in the subsequent analyses considered the following factors (1) non-linear behavior in compression including hardening and softening, (2) fracture of concrete in tension based on nonlinear fracture mechanics, (3) biaxial strength failure criterion, (4) reduction of compressive strength after cracking, (5) tension stiffening effect, and (6) reduction of the shear stiffness after cracking (variable shear retention).
In FEM analysis the two layers of materials (RC and steel plates) were handled to overlap on the same plan, the input data file was manipulated manually to add the finite element mesh of the steel plate and couple the steel plate with concrete by means of the steel bolts.
The stress, strain and internal force distributions of the external steel plates can be determined by analyzing the data obtained from the rosette strain gauges attached on the plate surfaces and compared with those from numerical analyses.

The data was collected between scattering angles (2θ) of 10-90o at a scanning rate of 2o min-1.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data were taken on an AXIS Ultra instrument from Kratos Analytical in the range of 1-1300 eV to investigate the surface chemistries of the obtained materials.
However, the oxygen-containing functional groups of N-GO were almost completely got rid of through solvothermal reduction and nitrogen-doping, which is hard to realize simply through solvothermal reduction.

Kraemer [2] probed into the vibration sources by the field test data.
Response Theory Analysis Environment vibration spreads through soil around to the base of the machine or its located building, and eventually reaches the ultra-precision machine leading to the accuracy reduction.
Data from the table tells that the vertical vibration effects more, with the maximum displacement close to 40 μm, as has greatly exceeded the requirements of precision machining of 50nm.
Therefore, it is extremely important to consider the suitable vibration isolation and reduction in the view of optimize processing environment or the machine structure to decrease the adverse effect, ensuring the processing precision consequently.