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In contrast, face-sheets are made of aluminum, steels and composite materials [14].
International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 6(6) 2019, 60-65
Materials Science and Engineering 700 (2019) 012017
Materials Science and Engineering 197 (2017) 012046
Effective properties for sandwich plates with aluminium foil honeycomb core and polymer foam filling – Static and dynamic response, Computational Materials Science. 50 (2011); 1269-1275.

The article suggests recycling aluminium and pipe industry wastes in the production of refractory materials.
Perfilov, Disposal of drilling sludge in the production of bulding materials, Procedia Engineering. 111 (2015) 607-611
Neizvestny’j, 6-th International Scientific Conference “Reliability and durability of building materials, structures and grounds of foundations”, 248-250 (2011)
Kusmarceva, The application of modifying mikroreinforcing components for increase of durability of cellular materials, Russian Physics Journal. 9 (2010) 11-14
Kanavec, The III All-Russian scientific and technical conference “Science.

Lately, there has been growing interest in finding sustainable, effective, and biodegradable materials, such as plant fibres, for composite reinforcement [1].
Materials and Methods 2.1 Fibre Extraction The Newbouldia L. plant was sourced from Enugu State in Nigeria.
Bala, Physical and mechanical properties of flax fibre and its composites: A Review, Journal of Material Sciences and Engineering. 10 (2022) 015
Baetens, Thermal and mechanical properties of flax fibers as potential composite reinforcement, Macromolecular Materials and Engineering. 286(6) (2001) 342-349
Ali, Tensile mechanical performance of natural/natural fiber reinforced hybrid bio-composite materials – A statistical approach, Journal of Industrial Textiles, 54 (2024) 1-31.

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology. 17 (2014) 221-227
Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science. 8 (2004) 397-404
Soil Science Society of America Journal. 42 (1978) 421-428
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. 26 (2015) 791-800
Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 7 (2014) 1376-1381

Fig.4 Diffusion of Nano Aluminum oxide in copper matrix Shape modification.With the development of fine materials manufacturing industry, there is an increasing demand for fine raw material.
The exact component varies with different raw materials.
[27] Yufen Yang, Guosheng Gai, Zhenfang Cai, Maobai Lai, Qingru Chen, Surface Modification of Purified Fly Ash and Application in Polymer, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol.133(2006) , p.276-282
[29] Yang Y.F, Gai G.S, Hao X.Y, Chen Q.R, Surface Nano-particle coating of fly ash, Key Engineering Materials, Vol.336-338(2007) , p.2100-2103
[30] Yufen Yang, Guosheng Gai, Shimin Fan, Xiangyang Hao, Qingru Chen, Nanostructured Modification of MineralParticle Surfaces in Ca(OH)2-H2O-CO2 System, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol.170(2005) , p.58-63

Thus, use of polycrystalline materials may be suitable for application.
Zhou, High-performance nanostructured thermoelectric materials, NPG Asia Materials. 2:4 (2010) 152-158
Huang, Developments in semiconductor thermoelectric materials, Frontiers in Energy. 5:2 (2011) 125-136
Nan, Physics of inhomogeneous inorganic materials, Prog Mater Sci. 37:1 (1993) 1-116
Cohen, Thermoelectric power in inhomogeneous materials, Phys Rev B. 16:6 (1977) 2959-2964

This unique property of fluoropolymer has attracted many researchers to investigate and modify its surface properties to make it compatible with other materials.
The plasma surface modification is a clean process and may provide good compatibility with other materials.
Griffith, "Polymeric Biomaterials," Acta Materials, vol. 48, pp. 263-277, 2000
Sarip, "Effect of PTFE and OTS on the Ferroelectric Properties of PVDF-TrFE Thin Films," World Applied Sciences Journal, vol. 16, pp. 1196-1202, 2012
Kamarun, "Surface Modification of Polyvinylidenefluoride-Trifluoroethylene Film Using Argon Gas Plasma", Advanced Materials Research, vol. 626, pp. 317-323, 2013

In this paper, on the basis of Reddy’s higher-order shear deformation plate theory, let the in-plane displacements along the width zero and the displacement field of beam is given, the static large elastic deformation nonlinear governing equations for the laminated composite materials higher-order shear deformation beams are derived.
International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics, 1999, 34:935-947
ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics, 28:402~408
Journal of Thermal Stresses, 2002,25(1)：45~56
Journal of Thermal Stresses, 2003, 26 (9): 867-872.

Finite element analysis of composite materials.
On the coupling of anisotropic damage and plasticity models for ductile materials.
International journal of engineering science, 41(13):1535-1551, 2003.[11] S.
Computational Materials Science, 45(3):756-761, 2009
International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation, 3(1):1-34, 2002

Analysis of Traveling Wave Effect on Half-through CFST Arch Bridge by Large Mass Method Jun Ma1, a, Yan Li1,b 1 School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China amajunlxd@163.com, bliyan_2007@126.com Keywords: Traveling wave effect, Large Mass Method, CFST material, Half-through arch bridge, Seismic response Abstract.
The nonlinear characteristic of material could also be considered so that the results could be closed with the real response.
With this equation, the seismic analysis could take the traveling wave effect and material nonlinear characteristic as considerations.
References [1] Wang Junjie, Wang Qianxin, Jiang Jinren, Random Response of Long-Span Arch Bridge under Spatially Variable Seismic Excitations, Journal of Vibration Engineering, 1995, 8(2): 119-126 [2] Xie Kaizhong, Qin Rong, Lin Haiying, On Methods of Seismic Response Analysis of Long-span CFST Arch Bridge, Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, 2005, 29(5): 700-703 [3] Fan Lichu, Hu Shide and Ye Aijun, Seismic Design of Large Span Brige, China Communication Press, Beijing, 2001: 144-167 [4] Xu Jinhua, Wang Xiangjian, Travelling Wave Seismic Response of Long Span Arch Bridges, Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong Institute, 1998, 17(2): 1-5 [5] Nazmy A S.
Proc. of 11th WCEE, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Ltd, 1996: 1309-1312 [6] P.