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Clear grain boundaries are presented between the particles.
After Mo atoms are introduced, the boundaries become blurred, which can be attributed to the shrinkage of the grain sizes as well as the aggregation of the small grains.
The decrease of hysteresis loop width for V1-xMoxO2 films is possibly due to the stoichiometric or the state of grain boundary.
The aggregation of VO2 particles through grain boundaries leads to the depression of hysteresis width.
Chu, The extremely narrow hysteresis width of phase transition in nanocrystalline VO2 thin films with the flake grain structures, Appl.

In this paper, the catalytic activity of fully dense Ni3Albased thin foils (as thin as 50 µm) possessing structures with micrometer or nanometer grain sizes is discussed.
The examined material, without any additional catalytic coating, was successfully produced from as-cast coarse-grained sheets by heavy cold rolling and recrystallisation with an appropriately chosen set of parameters.
Selectivity to a particular product was calculated as the number of moles of the particular product to the sum of all of the product moles, expressed as a percentage.

Lithium tetraborate based TL dosimeters, has attracted much attention as radiation proof materials for optical devices and tissue-equivalent material for radiation dosimetry because of the effective atomic number (Zeff) of 7.3 [5].
The pure LTO single crystal from Shanghai Institute of Ceramics [7] was incised to pieces 0.5×4×4mm for thermoluminescence spectra, and was scraped to grains (r<0.5mm) for thermoluminescence glow curves.
The single crystal grains were exposed to 90Sr β rays at the dose of 2.0 Gy and measured the TL with a heating rate of 5oC/s by RISØ TL/OSL Reader.

Recently, a number of authors investigated the synthesis of tungsten-based powders using different methods, such as: the sol-gel method, chemical method co-precipitation, processes of mechanical activation, and plasma reduction [3-7].
Compared Fig. 3b with Fig. 3a, it shows that the grain size of tungsten powders prepared with tungstic oxide through the second deoxidation in the hydrogen gas is fined in Fig. 3b.
As compared with Fig. 3b, it shows that the grain size of tungsten powders with tungstic oxide through the third deoxidation in the hydrogen gas is further fined, and the granularity distribution of tungsten powders is more homogenou in Fig. 3c.

Ref.[4] has given the following expression for the longitudinal scattering amplitude (1) Where the fact that the scattering amplitude is the function of the wave number has been notified in the above expression.
The main component of aggregates is granite having mean diameter of grains of 300 microns.
The ultrasonic scattering from micro grains of cement is negligible, so the scattering from the granites determines the frequency dependence of wave attenuation and phase velocity in this mortar.

The intensity of MBN is concerned with defects, stress, grain size and so on.
Standardized blocks of Rockwell hardness and MBN peak Number 1 2 3 4 Hardness(HRC) 36.2 45.1 51.4 62.4 MBN peak(V) 0.24781 0.23523 0.23030 0.21617 Fig.4 shows the relation between hardness and MBN peaks.
Watanabe, The effect of grain boundary microstructure on Barkhausen noise in ferromagnetic materials.

When Si is added to AM60 magnesium alloy, a new Chinese script type Mg2Si phase appears at the grain boundary in addition to the Mg17Al12 phase.
The morphology of the grains is spheroid or like as spheroid.
Then, the liquid metal separated by a large number of dendrites and can not be used to fill shrikage.

The results obtained show that the proposed method is effective in reproducing the physical characteristics of the problem and when compared with other results available in the literature, highlighting the influence of the Péclet number parameter in the study.
This work aims to find the solution to a two-dimensional model of contaminant transport in a landfill and, through simulations, observe the importance and influence of the physical parameter (Peclet number) in the considered study.
Additionally, [9] highlights that in porous media, diffusion cannot occur as rapidly as in water because ions must follow longer paths as they travel around mineral grains.
Filtration In addition to dissolved substances, contaminated groundwater often contains suspended particles, which may be the pollutant itself, such as bacteria or slightly soluble powder, or contain sorbed pollutant substances, such as metals or organic compounds sorbed on clay grains or colloidal organic matter [15].
Since Pe is a progressive number, it causes the contaminant to flow more quickly through the soil, contaminating this environment less, but reaching water resources more significantly.

It is difficult to generate such a high percentage of grains, as this would lead to too many grains and degrees of freedom.
Furthermore, due to their large number, the smaller grains (diameters of 1 and 3 mm) may percolate from one side of the REV to another.
Both justify the high value of the internal friction angle by the fact that the granular material is composed of well-graded angular grains.
The evolution curves of the volumetric strains obtained indicate a clamping effect of the grains (contracting) during the triaxial compression test, followed by a dilatancy (effect of disentanglement of the grains) towards the large deformations.
Thoeni, Discrete modeling of sand-tire mixture considering grain-scale deformability.

The specimen surfaces were polished in the longitudinal direction by using abrasive papers up to the grit number of 1000 in order to remove machined defects before testing.
When the sintering temperature was high at 1200°C, pearlite grains became larger compared to those at lower temperatures. 900°C 1000°C 1100°C 1150°C 1200°C 1 0m P Fe-0.6%C-1.7%Cu 1 0m Fe-0.8%C-2.1%Cu Fig. 3.
From the fatigue strength test results, relationships between stress amplitude and number of cycles to failure for the two steels sintered at 1150°C are shown in Fig. 5.
Relationship between stress amplitude and number of cycles to failure for the two steels sintered at 1150°C.
Even at 1200°C, same levels of tensile strength and elongation could be obtained, while pearlite grains grew