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Analyses of nugget and expulsion formation process during resistance spot welding between aluminum alloy and steel Nannan Wang a, Ranfeng Qiub , Fangfang Liuc , Man Zhang and Qingqing Xuan School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China ahnlywnn@163.com, bqiurf1221@163.com, c498074270@qq,com Keywords: Expulsion, Nugget formation, Resistance spot welding Abstract.
Introduction The need for joints between dissimilar materials often arises in automotive industries, because sound joints between dissimilar materials enable multi material design methodologies and low cost fabrication process to be employed.
From the point of view of material supply, aluminum alloy and steel are the most important construction materials for automotive structures; therefore, the availability of a sound joining technique between aluminum alloy and steel is indispensable.
[2] Farida Bouafia, Boualem Serier, Benali Boutabout, et al, Numerical analysis of the effect of pore on local stresses in spot welds, Computational Materials Science. 50(2011) 2517-2529
Zhang, Expulsion and its influence on weld quality, Welding Journal. 78 (1999) 373s-380s

This article makes a detailed introduction about the setup and tests a kind of typical materials of aero-engine hot end components.
Conclusions An experimental setup to measure TCC that is suitable for structural materials of hot end of aeroengine was introduced; TCC between typical structural materials TC4/30CrMnSi was tested, and its influence factors such as load size, processes of loading and unloading were studied; The results show that when the temperature of interface is fixed, TCC increases with the load, and is greater in the process of unloading than loading under the same condition.
Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 1998; Vol. 12(No. 3): 374-381
Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2004; 145(2): 207-214
Experimental Study on the Hysteresis Effect of Thermal Contact Conductance at Light Loads: 40th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit[Z].

Rusop, Ultraviolet sensing mechanism and characteristics of environmentally friendly aligned aluminium doped zinc oxide nanorod arrays prepared using low cost solution growth method, Materials Research Innovations (2011) s148
Rusop, Influence of doping concentrations on the aluminum doped zinc oxide thin films properties for ultraviolet photoconductive sensor applications, Optical Materials (2010) 696-699
Rusop, Fabrication of thin, dense and small-diameter zinc oxide nanorod array-based ultraviolet photoconductive sensors with high sensitivity by catalyst-free radio frequency magnetron sputtering, Materials Letters (2013) 215-218
Basak, Effect of substrate-induced strain on the morphological, electrical, optical and photoconductive properties of RF magnetron sputtered ZnO thin films, Materials Research Bulletin (2011) 1039-1044
Hang, Al-doping effects on structure, electrical and optical properties of c-axis-orientated ZnO:Al thin films, Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing (2006) 132-135

In recent years, with the development of the dye industry has become more sophisticated, iron phthalocyanine has been used in some of the more specific areas as functional materials, such as LCD materials, cathode materials in microbial fuel cells, photosensitive material and many others [10-14].
Materials and Equipments.
Phthalocyanine materials: synthesis, structure, and function.
Organometallic materials for nonlinear optics.
Application of pyrolysed iron (II) phthalocyanine and CoTMPP based oxygen reduction catalysts as cathode materials in microbial fuel cells.

The filtration process depends on the filter materials and the filter effect in dust layer[3-5].
Materials and Methods 1.1 Test materials The desulfurization circulating ash in this test was taken from 360m2 sintering machine flue gas desulfurization ash of ShouGang mining company.
Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2006, 28(8): 770-772(in Chinese) [2] Han Yanliang.
Numerical Simulation on Particle Concentration Distribution of Black Smoke in Canopy Dust Catcher[J].JOURNAL OF HUNAN UNIVERSITY(NATURAL SCIENCES), Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences), 2011, 38(2): 75-81(in Chinese) [10] Lin Lijun, Zhou Lu.
Journal of Safety Science and Technology, 2012,08(4):44-49 [11] Zhao Xia, Yao Qun, Chen Xing.

Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 133(2012)6, in print. ] Because of the varying conditions concerning surface pressure, it gets obvious that tribological conditions in SBMF are of major importance for the process realization, its stability and for the quality of the produced part.
Additionally, the velocity vectors in Fig. 2 illustrate the improved material flow.
The higher the friction between the specimen and the dies gets, the more the material flow in radial direction is restrained, resulting in an increasing material flow towards the pin cavity and thus to a larger pin height.
Thus, the intended influence on the material flow can be realized.
Due to higher complexity, the tribology of the die is more significant for the material flow than that of the punch.

Dispersion of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Water by a Conjugated Surfactant Mingxian Liu1, a, Zhixin Jia2, b, and Changren Zhou1,c 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China 2Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China aliumx@jnu.edu.cn, bjzhixin@163.com, ctcrz9@jnu.edu.cn Keywords: carbon nanotubes, dispersion, nanohybrids, conjugated molecules, surfactant Abstract.
Wong, Advanced Materials, 2005, 17, 17-29
Strevens, Advanced Materials, 1998, 10, 1091-+
Tassi, Nature Materials, 2003, 2, 338-342
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Tan, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 57(1996) 172–181
Journal of Materials Processing Technology 31(1) (2018), 1-38
Journal of Materials Processing Technology 214 (2014), 1062-1093
Journal of materials processing technology 209 (2009), 1392-1399
College of Materials Science and Technology

Detail of Experiment Materials.
Davidovits, Geopolymers: inorganic polymeric new materials, Journal of Thermal Analysis. 37 (1991) 1633–1656
Hanjitsuwan, Effect of SiO2 and Al2O3 on the setting and hardening of high calcium fly ash-based geopolymer systems, Journal of Materials Science. 47(12) (2012) 4876–4883
Sata, Setting time, strength, and bond of high-calcium geopolymer concrete, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 27(7) (2015) 1–7
Arshad, Effect of sodium silicate types on the high calcium geopolymer concrete, Materials Science Forum. 803 (2015) 185-193

The rigid visco-plastic FEM is the main numerical simulation method in the metal bulk forming and its basic equation is based on the Euler coordinate system.The basic assumption of the rigid visco-plastic flow theory is[4,5]: ignoring the elastic deformation of the material and the quality stress and the inertia force; the materials in even quality and having the same character of their directions; the volume of the material not changing; the materials abiding by the Mises yield criterion and strengthening at the same direction; the rigid-plastic material changing only on strain hardening while the rigid visco-plastic changing on both the strain hardening and strain-rate hardening simultaneously.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Chongqing Science and Technology Key Project Fund (No:CSTC, 2010AC6082) and Chongqing Education Commission Technology Study Project Fund (No: KJ101405).
[5] Kim S, YIm Y T: Journal of Materials Processing Technology.
Vol.127 (2002), p.57 [6] Iankov R: Journal of Materials Processing Technology.
Zhou and Z.G.An: Journal of Plasticity Engineering.