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Frantz Fanon, B.P. 399 Alger-Gare, Algiers, Algeria 2 USDB, B.P. 270, route de Soumaa, Blida, Algeria 3 CUKM, Route de theniet el-had khemis Miliana, Algeria Keywords: sol-gel process, Titanium oxides, thermal treatment, solar cells.
Alam et al deposited TiO2 thin films on silicon and glass substrates via the sol-gel process using titanium iso-propoxide [12], and reported that the cristallized TiO2 with an anatase structure is obtained after annealing at above 400°C.
The refractive index of TiO2 layers were measured with a DRE (EL X-02C) ellipsometer.
The refractive index of the prepared TiO2 thin films was measured with DRE (EL X-02C) ellipsometer.
R.Mechiakh et al [17] correlated this result to the densification of the film and pore destruction during different temperatures treatment.

[4] Huang Q, Shi X S, Wang Q Y, et al.
[5] Wang Y G, Ma P, Huang K J, et al.
[10] Cai J Y, He Y T, Liu Y Y, et al.
[13] El-Hacha R, Gaafar M.
[19] El Aziz A, Fathy M.

Characterization of Thermal Inertia and Footprint Carbon of Clay-Wool, Clay-Cork, and Clay-Plastic Composites Soumia Mounir1,a*, Youssef Maaloufa2,b, Khabbazi Abdelhamid3,c and Khalid El Harrouni4,d 1National School of Architecture Fez, road of Sidi Hrazem, Parc Fez shore, FEZ Morocco. 2National School of Architecture Agadir, Complex Ibn zohr, street Dakhla BP 20732, Agadir Morocco. 3EMDD, EST Salé, University Mohamed V, Avenue prince Heritier, BP11060, Salé Morocco. 4National School of Architecture Rabat, Avenue Allal el Fassi, Madinat al Irfane, BP 6372, Rabat, Morocco.
Mounir and al [4] have studied the thermal characterization of the composite clay-cork for the different volume fraction of cork using the methods hot plate in the transient, and steady-state regime and Flash.
Mounir and al.[5] have studied the composite clay-wool which presents important characteristics in terms of thermal properties especially thermal conductivity which is 0.19 W.m-1.K-1 for the highest volume fraction of wool (y=0.124).
Afshin afshiari and al [7] revealed that a consensus was forming among experts to achieve emissions reductions at a lower cost by integrating the energy efficiency concepts.
El Hamdouni, Thermal inertia and thermal properties of the composite material clay–wool, Sustain.

In order to assess the effect of curing method on performance of AAS concrete, El-Hassan et al. [4] activated slag using grade N soldium silicate, also known as water glass (GW), combined with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution.
Shi et al. [6] investigated alkali-silica reaction (ASR) of AAS mortars activated used NaOH.
El-Hassan and Shehab [4] noted that intermitted curing of AAS concrete produced higher compressive strength after 28-days of curing compared to air curing and continuous curing under water.
El-Hassan, E.
Al-Sallamin: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, (2018), DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002436

Agostini et al. [2] proposed a solution of two-phase thermosyphon loop for the cooling of power-electronic semiconductor modules.
The heat transfer characteristics of two-phase flow inside minichannels were done using the latest correlations available in literature like for example: the El-Hajal et al. [15] correlation for void fraction, the Zhang-Webb [32] correlation for the friction pressure drop of two-phase flow in adiabatic regions, the Tran et al. [30] correlation for the friction pressure drop of two-phase flow in heated regions, the Cavallini et al. [12] correlation for the friction pressure drop of two-phase flow in cooled regions.
In addition, the following correlations were also used in calculations: the Mikielewicz et al. [23], Saitoh et al. [27] and Owhaib [26] correlations for the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient in minichannels and Mikielewicz et al. [23], the Shah [28] and the Tang et al. [29] correlation for the flow condensation heat transfer coefficient in minichannels.
The El-Hajal‘s [15] empirical correlation for the void fraction in two-phase separate flow model was applied in calculations.
[15] El-Hajal J., Thome J.R., Cavallini A., Condensation in horizontal tubes, part 1; two-phase flow pattern map., Int.

The effect of a trace amount of Al on these synthesis processes was examined.
The purity of the sintered Ti3SiC2 bulk was remarkably increased by addition of a small amount of Al.
Addition of 0.1mol Al remarkably decreased the strength of TiC peak.
However, further increasing Al to 0.3mol resulted in an increase in TiC content.
Barsoum and T.EL-Raghy: J.Am.Ceram.Soc.

In 1985, Arneodo et al. introduced the Arneodo chaotic model [16].
(4) Diethelm et al. used the predictor-correctors scheme [22–25], based on the Adams-Bashforth-Moulton algorithm to integrate (4).
El-Sayed and Hala A.A.
El-Saka, “On some Routh- Hurwitz conditions for fractional order differential equations and their applications in Lorenz, , Chua and Chen systems,” Phys Let A, vol. 358, pp. 1–4, Oct. 2006
El-Sayed and Hala A.A.

El-Sayed, M.G.
El-Sherbiny, A.S.
Abo-El-Ezz, and G.A.
El-Tayeb, "A study on the potential of sugarcane fibers/polyester composite for tribological applications," Wear, Vol. 265, (2008) 223-235
El-Tayeb, "Adhesive Wear Performance of T-OPRP and UT-OPRP Composites," Tribology Letters, Vol. 32, (2008) 199-208

Power Connector Behavior Used in Automotive Applications Rochdi El Abdi 1+, Erwann Carvou 2, Noureddine Benjemaa 2 and El Mostafa Zindine 3 1 University of Rennes1, Larmaur, CS 74205- 35042 Rennes cedex – France 2 University of Rennes1, IPR, CS 74205- 35042 Rennes cedex – France 3 FCI France, Z.
Schedin et al [2] analyse the stress relaxation behaviour of a connector subjected to a steady state temperature field using the finite element method.

Al-Fakih, B.S.
Al-Fakih, M.
El-Attar, Structural behavior of rubberized masonry walls, J.
Al-Tayeb, B.H.
Al-Fakih, W.