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Rammed earth is a technique for building walls using the raw materials of earth, chalk, lime and gravel.
They determined the form of a building according to its functional requirements and the materials to be used.
It’s also fireproof, soundproof and avoids the dilemma of deforestation and toxic materials.
International Journal of Physical Sciences.
International Journal of Physical Sciences.

Hamdan, Materials & Design The effect of alkaline treatment on tensile properties of sugar palm fibre reinforced epoxy composites, Materials and Design 29 (2008) 1285–1290
Prabowo, The Effects of Alkalization to the Mechanical Properties of the Ijuk Fiber Reinforced PLA Biocomposites, International Journal of Chemical, Molecular, Nuclear, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Vol:9, No:2, (2015)
Series: Materials Science and Engineering 223 (2017) 012020
Series: Materials Science and Engineering 223 (2017) 012042
Series: Materials Science and Engineering 223 (2017) 012057

To take the natural differences of geotechnical materials into consideration, reliability analysis of slope stability with Monte-Carlo method was carried out on a slope of deep pit.
Owning to the anisotropy of geotechnical materials, complexity of failure criteria and large scale of projects etc., the traditional solution-limit equilibrium method does not usually reflect the real condition of the project.
The results of reliable analysis considering the differences of natural geotechnical materials match the practice and the traditional method, so the analysis procedure could be considered to adopt to other projects.
He, Reliability analysis of soil slope stability based on Monte-Carlo method, Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University, 5 (2001) 96-99
Wang, Strength characteristics of soil in slide zone and determination of its parameters, Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 17 (2004) 2887-2892

It is an alternative material to tin oxide and indium tin oxide, which have been most used to date [1].
ZnO is one of the metal-oxide semiconductors that has been found to be a very useful functional material for devices such as UV-light emitters, varistors, transparent high-power electronics, surface acoustic wave devices, piezoelectric transducers, gas sensors, solar cells and structural materials such as window materials for display [2].
thin films by atmospheric pressure CVD method [7] F.Paraguay D., W.Estrada L., D.R.Acosta N., E.Andrade, M.Miki Yoshida and optical characterization of high quality ZnO thin fi Solid Films, 1999, 350, 192 [8] F.K.Shan, B.C.Shin, S.C.Kim and prepared by PLD technique: [9] D.C.Look, Recent advances in ZnO materials and devices: 2001, B80, 383 [10] B.Pandey, S.Ghosh, P.Srivastava, D.K.Avasthi, D.Kabiraj, J.C.
by spray pyrolysis: 192 Kim and Y.S.Yu, Optical properties of As doped ZnO thin films ique: Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2004, es in ZnO materials and devices: Materials Sci B.Pandey, S.Ghosh, P.Srivastava, D.K.Avasthi, D.Kabiraj, J.C.Pivin, Synthesis and doped ZnO: a transparent magnetic semiconductor Y.Huang, M.Liu, Z.Li, Y.Zeng, S.Liu, Raman spectroscopy study of ZnO gel process: Materials Science and Engineering, Synthesis and optical absorption property of the Zn2Ti Phenomena, 2004, 177, 3448 Tauc, R.Gricorovichi, A.Vancu, Optical properties and electronic structure of amorphous Status Solidi, 1966, 15, 627 ptical absorption limit in InSb: Physical Review, G.G.Valle, P.Hammer, S.H.Pulcinelli, C.V.Santilli, Transparent and conductive ZnO:Al thin gel dip-coating: Journal of the European Ceramic Soc Photonic Technology Laboratory, Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
This work was partially supported by a grant This paper was sponsored Solar Cells [DSSC] based upon onducting ZnO:Al, In and Sn thin films deposited by the ZnO thin films prepared by PLD: presented by zinc oxide films Effect of the variation of film thickness on sapphire substrate using Nunes, E.Fortunato, P.Tonello, F.Branz Fernandes, P.Vilarinho, R.Martins, Effect of , 2002, 64, 281 epitaxial growth of ZnO Growth, 2000, 122, 431 F.Paraguay D., W.Estrada L., D.R.Acosta N., E.Andrade, M.Miki Yoshida, Growth, structure lms obtained by spray pyrolysis: Thin Optical properties of As doped ZnO thin films iety, 2004, 24, 1861 Science and Engineering, Synthesis and transparent magnetic semiconductor: Materials Science Raman spectroscopy study of ZnO-based ceramic films , 2003, B97, 111 TixSn1−xO4 (0 x 1) tructure of amorphous iew, 1954, 93, 632 Transparent and conductive ZnO:Al thin Society, 2004, 24, 1009

GRILLI, “YSZ-based electrochemical sensors: From materials preparation to testing in the exhausts of an engine bench test,” Journal of the European Ceramic Society, vol. 25, no. 12, pp. 2959–2964, Jan. 2005
SILVA, “Synthesis of ZrO2: ƞ wt% Re2O3 Powders by the Heterogeneous Coprecipitation Technique,” Materials Science Forum, vol. 727–728, pp. 1375–1380, Aug. 2012
CALLISTER, Materials science and engineering: An introduction, vol. 94. 1987, pp. 266–267
WEST, “Electroceramics: Characterization by Impedance Spectroscopy,” Advanced Materials, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 132–138, Mar. 1990
CODDET, “Ionic conductivity and its temperature dependence of atmospheric plasma-sprayed yttria stabilized zirconia electrolyte,” Materials Science and Engineering: B, vol. 137, no. 1–3, pp. 24–30, Feb. 2007

Results show that the erosion-wear mechanism is that erosion is mainly micro-cutting role at low erosion-angle, materials hardness is decisive factor, and erosion is mainly compression deformation at high erosion-angle, materials toughness plays decisive role, as the coating is low hardness and high toughness materials, which is eroded more seriously at low erosion-angle.
The reason is that hardness of materials is the main factor to determine the erosion-resistant properties at low erosion-angle, and toughness of materials is the main factor to determine the erosion-resistant properties at high erosion-angle, the coating is plastic materials, its hardness is low and toughness is high, therefore the erosion mass-loss of the coating at low erosion-angle is greater than at high erosion-angle.
Erosion study and different materials affects by coal ash particles[J].Wear.1987(52)
Mechanism of Abrasion to Material by High-velocity Sediment-laden Flow and Effect of Aeration on Abrasion Rrsistance[J].Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, 2006,4 (1) : 1-5
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1989 (7) : 60-66

With local materials in a certain condition, new, cheap backfilling materials are developed.
So the development of new filling materials is in urgent need.
The choice of backfilling materials Generally, the slurry used in fire preventing and extinguishing technique is a mixture of clay and cement slurry.
On condition of large-scale coal combustion zone, this experiment chooses other cheap materials to develop inexpensive and effective grouting materials.
There is a large number of loess and clay around the coal mine, which could be used as basic materials.

Nano-ceramic materials and composite nano-sized solid materials in mechanical industries have a broad application prospect.
It is suitable for manufacturing micro-mechanical components by using a variety of metals and non-metallic materials.
One is the theory of micro-mechanism, the other is the material science of micro-mechanism, and another is the nano tribology [13].
The major research works on the material science of micro-mechanism are listed as follows: (1) Research on the materials of micro-structure and its physical properties; (2) Study on the mechanical analysis and the failure laws of micro-mechanical structure.
[4] YIN Jian, DIN Xu and XIONG Wei: Journal of Guizhou University of Technology(Natural Science Edition) Vol.34(2005)No.6,p21-24

The author produced many groups of small pads (The length and width of the pads are both 1cm, the thickness of which is 0.5cm) with different materials, as shown in Fig.6.
The method can be used in identifying the unit area parameters of different kind of materials in different working conditions. 3.
The FMYJ material is a kind of metallurgical powder material which uses several kinds of metal powder and non-metallic powder as the raw material.
The research was sponsored by Important National Science & Technology Specific Projects under Grand No.:2009ZX04014-036 and the Youth Foundation of National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant no. 51105006.
ASME Journal of Vibration, Acoustics, Stress and Reliability in Design. 1986, 18:9-16 [8] XiaoYichuan, WuLiangsheng.

Study of an Identification Method of the Mesoscale Tool Position Hyung Wook Park1,a,* 1 School of Mechanical and Advanced Materials Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, South Korea a hwpark@unist.ac.kr Keywords: Laser beam, Non-contact, Acoustic emission, Mesoscale tool position, Acoustic emission Abstract.
Assuming that both the mesoscale tool and the workpiece are made of conductive materials, then if a certain voltage is supplied at the end of the mesoscale tool, the current will flow from the tool to the workpiece.
Basically, when a material is subjected to stresses or external forces, mechanical waves are generated within the material.
Liang: International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 48 (2008), p. 1658 [2] D.
DeVor: Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol. 130 (2008)