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Therefore, the common and interactive effects of various factors in the string service environment aggravate the corrosion of oil casing [2,3].
Table 2 Mechanical properties of test samples.
Project Rm(Mpa) R( t0.5 ) (Mpa) A(%) Results 668 582 27.3 API 5CT ≥689 552-758 / Physical and Chemical Properties.
The physical and chemical properties of the samples were all taken from the area without local corrosion of B# samples.
The mechanical properties of the samples were tested according to the standard GB/T 228.1-2010, and the testing equipment was UTM 5305 material testing machine.

Results show that diagonal tensile stress is the main factor of crack, crack easily take place in the lower surface, where obviously exist a region of stress concentration in 45°direction.
The service life and the utilizing effect of the metal base not only affect the cost of per ton steel, but also have a very significant impact on ladle turnover , production scheduling , continuous casting , and the labor intensity of operators[1].
Therefore, the temperature and stress fields of the metal base were calculated by the FEM method; analyzing the crack causes and the main factors of impacting the life had important guidance purpose to solve the problem of base damage[2-4]. 2 Thermo-mechanical coupling model of the Metal base 2.1 Assumptions in the mode With the simultaneous use of ladle, the course of the metal base work was as follows: base mounting →the first pouring →ladle placed cooling →​​pouring →ladle placed cooling, and so on.
Due to the material properties of the metal base was similar to the steel plate, it was regarded synchronous expansion as the bottom of ladle.
Among with time the stress gradually decreases, the value is decreased to 542MPa until 2h. 4 Conclusions （1）The upper surface stress of the metal base is less than the stress of the lower surface at different times in use； （2）Diagonal tensile stress is the main factor of the cracks； （3）Stiffen ribs to the place where is easy to appear the crack; try to make the structure of the base symmetric so that the stress on the base can be more evenly distributed.

Introduction The use of coatings to protect a substrate is now a well-established technique to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of components in many engineering applications.
The neutral axis of the rectangular cross section under the bending load will be shifted because of their different material properties.
Along with pressure variables, the cohesive strength values calculated by the beam theory method are inclusive of the effect due to residual stresses induced during film growth and the residual stress is a predominant factor affecting the cohesive strength of the coating.
Compressive stress adds up to the cohesive strength of the coating and is beneficial in enhancing the surface properties and interfacial strength.
Table 1 Properties of DLC films, which were deposited with 100% C2H2 process gas and with different deposition parameters.

The establishment of mesh model The Selection of the Constitutive Model Constitutive model is the empirical description of mechanical properties of siol material, Which reflects soil’s stress-strain relationship under load conditions, accordingly, constitutive model selection is one of the key steps of numerical simulation.
In fact, any kind of model may not consider all factors, at the same time, it is impossible that one model be appropriate for all types of soil and the loading, only when the choice of constitutive model comply with the mechanical properties of engineering materials, this choice is reasonable.
Table1 Physical and mechanical parameters of each layer of soil soil name ρ/kg·m-3 c/kPa φ/() E/MPa backfilling 1500 10 15 8 0.33 clay 1800 20 20 4 0.33 In FLAC3D program, deformation parameters adopt the shear modulusand bulk modulus, in specific calculation, the following formula will be used to change deformation modulus into shear modulus and bulk modulus: (2) (3) The Initial Stress Calculation Subgrade grid assign empty model before the road embankment construction.
For this reason, unit weight of filling significantly affect the subgrade settlement, lightweight of filling should be selected as much as possible under the condition that meets the specification requirement needs.
Comparative Analysis in Different Roadbed Elastic Modulus Because of the difference in the physical mechanical parameters of the embankment soil filling, and the difference in the subgrade construction methods, elastic modulus would be different in different sections of embankment. the paper analyzes the influence of the original embankment settlement in case of the different embankment elastic modulus.

Introduction Ultrafine particle usually refers to powder aggregates whose size are less than a few microns, which has a specific nature in the aspect of melting point, specific heat, magnetic, electrical properties, and mechanical properties[1-2].
Influence Factors and Nozzle Effect of the Process Parameters.
In addition, the change of temperature may also affect the drying time of the deposition of particles.
Nozzle structure largely affects particle morphology and size.
Length-to-diameter ratio (L / D) of nozzle was also an important factor, this ratio can make the product chang from the particle to the fiber.

These alloys have outstanding corrosion resistances, mechanical properties and high heat resistance, and have been extensively used to resist extremely conditions in the aerospace, energy, power, chemical and petrochemical industries [2].
Deformation twinning may not occur at the crystal planes with low or high Schmid factors.
Schmid factor mapping.
Schmid factor index.
This indicates that the formation of deformation twins will affect the texture in the material.

The integration of all these factors that allows for effective planning, well specific MPD process and optimisation plus real-time monitoring and diagnosis is the specific objective of the VisWELL .
Some of the key issues affecting successful MPD operations are: • The appropriate fit-for-purpose MPD technique to use • How can these techniques be optimised on a well-by- well basis?
• The ability to analyse the causes of drillpipe eccentricity and relationship with drillstring torque/drag conditions • Ability to analyse the effects of transients • The ability to define the rheological properties of multi phase drilling fluids at bottom hole conditions Eccentricity, coupled with drillstring rotation affect the annular velocities in the well and the prevailing multiphase flow patterns as well as pattern profile which then has an effect on hole cleaning and pressure regimes in the wellbore. .
The integration of all these factors that allows for effective planning, well specific MPD process and optimisation plus real-time monitoring and diagnosis is the specific objective of the VisWELL.
The casing provides hydraulic and mechanical energy to a retrievable drilling assembly suspended from a profile nipple located near the bottom of the casing.

The increased aging time certainly led to higher amount of the HCP martensite and consequently increased hardness and possible wear resistance properties.
These alloys show a great combination of mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and biocompatibility.
In the previous studies, it was reported that the presence of the HCP crystal structure is one of the main factors that cause a lower wear rate compared to the FCC structure.
Thus, the longer aging time definitely led to increased amount of the HCP martensite, increased hardness and consequently possible wear resistance properties.
Muterlle, microstructural and mechanical properties of co and ti alloys for biomedical applications produced by metal injection molding, Dissertation, University of Trento, (2012) 14-22

The content of stone powder in machine-made sand affected the carbonization of MSC in some extent, which should be limited in a reasonable range.
Introduction As we know, the resistance of concrete to carbonization is an important index of durability which affects the serviceability and the service life of concrete structures.
Combined to the studies of the mechanical properties and the drying shrinkage of MSC [5, 10, 11], it is adaptable to limit the content of stone-powder in the range of 7~13% when the strength grade of MSC is not greater than C30, and less than 10% when the strength grade of MSC is not less than C50.
Forecast of Carbonized Depth of Concrete As the carbonization of concrete was affected by complex factors, there were many forecast models which could be summarized as those based on the fundamental reaction engineering principles, the lab experimental results and the practical engineering investigations [12].
The content of stone powder in machine-made sand affected the carbonization in some extent.

Introduction In recent years, natural disaster occurred frequently and has seriously affected people's production and daily life.
In this paper, taking the humidity sensors of RS92 as the calculation model, we discuss the above problem using the CFD method[10], and the influencing factors on the solar radiation error include the reflectivity of the MEMS humidity sensors, solder reflectivity, substrate material and the thickness of the sensor.
By using CFD commercial software package Fluent, we get the temperature error caused by solar radiation heating varying with different influencing factors.
Thus, the relations between the SRDB of RH measurement and influencing factors are derived from Eq. (2).
Therefore, combining with the mechanical properties of the actual sensor structure, it is necessary to consider the influence of sensor thickness on SRDB in the process of optimization design of MEMS humidity sensor.