Search results

GM demands of the reduction of input and output.
Data Acquisition System.
It can provide detailed data of the consumption and emissions.
According these data, the managers can know if the emissions meet law standard, the technicians can improve the process.
Workshop level model includes GM process and process improvement, data acquisition system, etc.

The wavelet analysis is effectively an adjustable window Fourier spectral analysis that is useful for linear data with a gradual change in frequency.
For non-linear and non-stationary data, the Hilbert transform use is limited as it can only define a ‘monocomponent’ signal (i.e., obtain only one frequency value for a single component) [6,7].
This methodology is called the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) and it is one of the most popular methods for analysis of nonlinear and non-stationary data [8-10].
Separating the first IMF (= h1k) from the rest of data gives the residual .
Chien, Physical system identification of an isolated bridge using seismic response data, Structural Control and Health Monitoring,16 (2009) 241-265

A large number of wheel profile data and turning repair data were acquire by the research of Wuhan railway bureau on CRH2.
The information of two typical wheel wear data was shown in table 1.
Treating by Eq. 2 and Eq. 3, Dw and Hw were obtained from measured data.
The information of the two typical wheel wear data Turning repair time Mileage [km] Average mileage [km/day] Extreme value statistics [mm] Nominal wheel diameter Flange thickness Data 1 2012.1.6 2012.5.23 938935-1185413 1 786 847.8-852.6 28.6-31.8 Data 2 2011.12.24 2012.5.21 982764-1 193044 1 411 845.5-851.4 29.4-32.1 a) Data 1 b) Data 2 Fig. 2.
Frank Copula was used to describe the correlation of data 1.

Thermal material data was defined based on Simufact Forming 16 database.
The press kinematics were derived from experimental data of the used screw press and considered within the numerical model.
Flow curves were calculated from experimental test data of isothermal compression tests.
Force-displacement data of the miniaturised tensile tests were used to calculate the local bond strength.
The onset of counterpressure can be clearly seen by the force drop in experimental as well as numerical data respectively.

A Kistler 2825A1-1 charge amplifier and an IBM-486 PC mounted with a data acquisition board were employed to transform the analog signals to digital signals.
Table 3 shows the trail data of cutting forces.
Fig.1 shows the response surface model fitted to the cutting force data with constant cutting velocity.
Through multivariate linear regression analysis of surface roughness data, the equations of linear regression for average surface roughness, Ra, was withdrawn in Eq.2 and Eq.3.
The combined action of the structure strength reduction and stress concentration will in turn lead to mechanical crack initiation.

The alloy is mainly used in gas turbine engine and power turbine applications and potentially can be used as a lower cost replacement for Waspalloy and U720, when those alloys are used in the temperature range of 593 °C – 704 °C [[] ATI 718 Plus® Alloy Data Sourcebook, ATI Allvac, 2011. ].
The flow stress data were taken from the ATI 718 Plus® Alloy Data Sourcebook [2] and extrapolated to the higher strain rates of 102 s-1.
The discrepancy between force values obtained in FEA and experiment was within 4%, which implicitly confirms the accuracy of the flow stress data extrapolation.
The driving force for this process is the reduction of grain boundary energy through reduction of boundary area.
The activation energy, Qgg, for static GG was taken from the ATI 718Plus® Data Sourcebook [2].

Data analysis was carried out with the Positronfit program [4]; after subtracting the source + Kapton contribution, good fitting was always obtained with a single component.
Combining PALS data with that obtained by the CDB technique (described below) enables one to discriminate.
The data were taken at -140 °C.
Note that the data presented in these figures were not smoothed or symmetrised; the fitting curves are also affected by statistical noise, since the terms of the linear combinations are also experimental spectra.
From the linear combination fitting one obtains the quantitative data presented below.

For Y type branch line using FLUENT software combined with experimental data, analysis branch pipe pressure, velocity and flow in different leakage widths, in order to lay a theoretical and practical basis for the further study of branch pipe.
Analysis of results compared with the test data The experimental system.
Measure and collect each measuring point data such as pressure and velocity by micro pressure gauge under valve leakage width Δ in 0 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm, P1 ，P2 ，P3 is pressure of No.1, No.2, No.3, Because of No.1, No.2, No.3 point near three imports and exports, which approximate as inward and outward speed, pressure values.
Fig.2 Experimental system 1 - micro pressure gauge; 2-No.2 point; 3 - vice ventilation piping; 4 - valves;5- No.3 point; 6 -ventilator; 7- No.1 point; 8 - the main air line 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 7 Table1 Results of experimental Δ(mm) P1(Pa) P2(Pa) P3(Pa) 0 1 2 4 6 328.8 334.2 331.4 342.1 345.3 276.7 268.3 244.7 217.5 187.3 196.3 196.4 198.1 196 180.5 Fig.3 The simulation and experiment data are contrasted in different leakage width (a)The main ventilation inlet pressure (b) The main ventilation inlet speed Experimental and simulation data contrast.
Inlet pressure increases with the reduction of leakage area.

According to the effect law of these three geometric factors on buckling bearing capacity, buckling coefficient was obtained by data fitting.
Empirical equations that relevant to these geometric imperfection factors by data fitting of buckling coefficient were attained.
Buckling coefficients are obtained based on the critical buckling load combining the calculation formula of the buckling coefficient, corresponding data points are shown in Fig. 2.
The data of hole location-buckling coefficient respectively in X-axis, Y-axis and 45o-direction are shown in Fig. 3.
The relation expression (6) of buckling coefficient and hole location respectively in X-axis, Y-axis and 45o-direction was obtained by data fitting, which is quadratic form.

This paper addresses this problem by making use of experimental data reported for the ECAP processing of aluminum single crystals and polycrystalline aluminum.
Since extensive information is available on the ECAP processing of polycrystalline aluminum [13,14], it is appropriate to examine the experimental data reported for aluminum single crystals.
All of these schematic illustrations are based on data obtained using a die with a channel angle of Φ = 90° and route BC.
Experimental data are now available describing the microstructures introduced in polycrystalline aluminum and in aluminum single crystals during processing by equal-channel angular pressing. 2.
These data are used to propose a model for the grain refinement occurring in ECAP based on the development of arrays of subgrains with their long axes lying parallel to the primary slip system.