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Extrusion properties such as extrusion load, grain size, micro hardness and surface quality are compared between the main parameters during the hot forward extrusion process.
In addition it is easily disclosed from the experiment results that the die land designed for safe tool-set plays a key role in improving the mechanical properties of formed product during hot forward extrusion process for AZ31 magnesium alloy.
These translate the parts into good mechanical properties, which could contribute significantly to the aspect of weight saving in the design and production of automotive and aerospace components, materials handling equipments and even sporting goods [1, 2].
Also, forming conditions such as material properties, friction and lubricant, punch speed, extrusion ratio and initial temperature of die and workpiece, which affect to flow stress and forgeability, are needed to be carefully reviewed [4, 5].
It is normally evaluated from the figure that optimized grain flow orientation was obtained through the hot experiment in this paper and was capable of improving mechanical properties of the formed product after hot forward extrusion process.

Therefore, the addition of nanoparticles has received great attention as a promising means of enhancing the mechanical properties of those polymers.
In order to understand better the mechanism governing the nanocomposite failure behaviour, experimental work aimed to relate morphology and properties of the constituents (particularly interfacial properties) with deformation and failure mechanisms occurring at the nano and micro length scales.
Zaman [14] found the highest toughness increasing for the highest interfacial properties corresponding to the most exfoliated morphology.
Prediction of macroscopic properties Macroscopic properties of the nanocomposite were obtained by homogenizing the mechanical response of the RVEs discretised with FE.
Chia, in: Finite Element Modelling Clay Nanocomposites and Interface Effects on Mechanical Properties (IUTAM Bookseries, Vol. 13, 241-248, 2009)

Introduction Since the successful development of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), a myriad of conversion approaches are, in principal, open to consideration at the MEMS level, such as the micro-sensors and the micro-actuators.
Simulations In order to get the optimal design, a three-dimensional (3D) finite element simulator (ANSYS) is used to model self-consistently thermal and electrical properties of a complete device structure.
The performance of the μ-TEG is largely affected by the thickness, material and thermal conductivity of the substrate, which is shown in Fig. 3.
Numerous works have demonstrated that the structure strongly influences the fabrication cost, a factor that can be crucial for potential commercial success [3].
Results of the simulations reveal that the thickness and the thermal conductivity of the supporting substrate affect the performance of the thermoelectric generator largely.

The choice of cathode materials is an important aspect to increase the cathode properties and cell performance.
However, there are other factors such as the carbonate composition in the composite cathode that can influence its properties.
The small thermal expansion can reduce the internal stress between the cathode and electrolyte during cell operations and enhancing the mechanical properties [7].
The amount of (Li/Na)2 binary carbonate molar ratio (67:33, 62:38, 53:47) in the BSCF-SDCc and LSCF-SDCc cathode composite significantly affects the powder properties The chemical bonding analysis shows the catbonate still exist after the calcination process.
Ahn, Preparation and electrochemical properties of Ni–SDC thin films for IT-SOFC anode, J.

Comparative Studying of Gough, P.S Stress Formula and Kuo, K.K stress Formula Yan-ming ZHANG , Xing-bai LUO, Jian-wei ZHEN,Yan-kun CHEN Mechanical Engineering College of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang China 05000 Zym1553681@163.com Keywords: propellant bed; stress; Gough,P.S stress formula;Kuo,K.K stress formula Abstract.
Bombing bore refers to the bombing bore gun firing process due to the barrel bore pressure exceeds allowable pressure occurs , the consequences are very serious breech bombing caused the event of bombing bore gun will certainly result in crash , which caused the officers to combat great psychological burden , seriously affecting combat effectiveness.
Called stress relaxation factor, indicates the value when the value of the void ratio.
According to the above conclusions stress formula between particles is seeking: (5) is the propellant charge free loading critical porosity, is the propellant density, is the attenuation factor of stress, take , is the speed when , take .
Powder particles are compressed to a certain extent, a homogeneous viscoelastic medium, the mechanical properties of the powder bed changed significantly, so the phenomenon of the formation of such an inflection point.

The relevant mechanical properties are listed in Table 1.
The fact implies that the normal grinding force is primary factor, which induces surface/subsurface crack damage layer.
After grinding process, especially, along with disappearance of elastic component, plastic residual component become primary factor, which influence propagation of residual crack.
Coupling of multi-damage is one of conceivable facts that could affect the accuracy of predicting model.
Coupling of multi-damage is one of conceivable facts that could affect the accuracy of predicting model.

Introduction Hydraulic motors convert hydraulic energy in to mechanical energy.
The model shows that hydraulic spring and nonlinear friction are major factors that can affect low-speed instability.
The stiffness of the hydraulic spring does effect when the closed cylinder is affected by outside force, which could be described as follows: K1=ΣFΔxp=ApβcL (1x1L-x12) (2) From Function (2), when dkh / dx1= 0 dk1dx1=ApβcL[2x1-L(x1L-x12)2 ] (3) When x1 = L / 2, dK1 / dx1 = 0, so K1=4ApβcL= 4βcAp2Vt (4) Work on current research of a balanced hydraulic motor that focuses on the characteristics of the motor with three planet gears [2].
According to the effects of physic- chemical properties of water on water hydraulic components, a novel valve plate for water hydraulic axial motor has been put forward whose moment exerted by the fluid field between valve plate and bearing plate is balanced entirely.
[2] YU Hongying, LUO Changjie and WANG Huimin,“ Performances of a Balanced Hydraulic Motor with Planetary Gear Train”, Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Harbin 150001, China (2012) [3] H.X.

Introduction In recent decades, large-scale integrated circuit technology and nanotechnology have development rapidly, especially when the characteristic width of the circuit reduces to the nanometer level, the study on indentation, which reveals the nano-scale mechanical properties in various types of electronic components, has become one focus of application researches.
For ultra-thin coating materials, the size of the test objects is small, traditional tensile test can not meet mechanical strength and other physical quantities measurement.
Nano-indentation test has received the test specimen surface defect, the size effect, the crystal orientation etc. complex factor influence.
The maximum displacement of the indenter contrasted to the thickness of the film, 8.1Å, is still very small, thus the far-field boundary conditions will not affect the result of the computation.
At this time the maximum load under various conditions is in the range of 30.17N/m ~ 31.46N/m, which shows change of the specimen size did not significantly affect to the maximum indenter load.

Materials and Experimental Procedure The materials to be joined in the present investigation were commercial 1.2mm-thick cold rolled carbon steel DQ sheet and the chemical composition and mechanical property are shown in Table 1.
Chemical composition and mechanical property of low carbon steel DQ Chemical composition [wt.%] C Si Mn P S AlS Ca Tensile strength σ b [MPa] Yield strength σ s [MPa] 0.051 0.032 0.181 0.009 0.006 0.031 0.0024 325 210 The Ag-72wt%Cu alloy foil in 50µm thickness was selected as the interlayer material.
This phenomenon indicates temperature is an important factor of diffusion, and thus influencing the bonding strength.
Temperature is a significant factor affecting diffusion and bonding strength

Most of the shape memory polymer composites are made with polyurethane resin, which has poor mechanical properties.
Thus it is blend with epoxy resin (EP), because epoxy resin has got good mechanical properties.
The reinforcements impart their special mechanical and physical properties to enhance the matrix properties.Nano composites based on attapulgite clay and shape-memory polyurethane were fabricated by mechanical mixing.
Mechanical properties of attapulgite clay reinforced polyurethane shape-memory Nano composites shows with treated clay the properties are improved [2].
The shape memory properties of Epoxy and Polyurethane are preserved at the same time mechanical properties are improved as the reinforcement of nanoclay particles are restricted to 5%.