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Under medium impact wear condition, the material has obvious advantages, and the mechanical properties are also good[3].
According to some scholars[4], the internal factors of causing steel warpage are phase transition, yield stress and thermal conductivity.
According to some scholars[5], the internal factors of causing steel warpage are phase transition, yield stress and thermal conductivity.
The thermal properties change with temperature.
So the relationship of thermal properties and temperature must be considered.

In the current investigations, a 2-D finite element iterative method has been developed to analyze the critical stress intensity factors locally along the crack front.
To characterize the elastic mismatch of the bimaterial, the two Dundurs’ parameters and are introduced according to (3) whereand are the Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio of the film while subscript ( )s refers to properties of the substrate.
The factorhas the dimensions as that of classical stress intensity factors.
The fracture criterion applied in the present investigation was formulated in [3] as (7) The stress intensity factors and varies along the crack front, andare factors that range between 0 and 1 adjusting the relative contribution of Modes II and III to the fracture criterion.
Comparison of stress intensity factors estimated from 2-D and 3-D FEM models for straight-sided crack front for a crack length to thickness of the film ratio.

They are known as conducting polymers and possess the electronic, electrical and optical properties of a metal while retaining the processability and mechanical properties usually associated with a conventional polymer [9].
The present work aims to evaluate the influence of different synthesis conditions of PANI doped with HF in its electrical properties when subjected to the presence of ammonia gas.
It’s also observed a positive synergy among factors 1,3 and 4 .
Table 2 - Test effects among electrical conductivity and other factors discussed in the experimental planning.
Table 3 - Correlation velocity of response test to ammonia gas with other factors.

In recent years, surface treatment technology has attracted a great deal of attention to improve mechanical and electrochemical properties of aluminum alloys such as wear resistance, friction coefficient, strength and ductility as well as corrosion resistance [4-6].
Among them, nickel is an interesting transition element applied to improve the surface properties of aluminum alloy because of its excellent properties including good hardness, ductibility and corrosion-resistance.
The corrosive properties was measured according to weight change after the samples was immersed in 5 wt.% NaCl solution for 12h at room temperature..
The coating btained under the optimal contributes to improve the corrosive properties of 2024 aluminum alloy.
Corrosive properties of the untreated and Ni-La-P coated 2024 aluminum alloy 4.

Introduction With the industrial machine tool constantly developing to the direction of high accuracy and automation, stiffness of machine tools has become an important factor in improving machining accuracy and stability.
The mechanical structure of stiffness of machine tool testing device is shown in Fig. 1.
Using BPR-40 strain gauge pressure sensors for force measurement, it has good antiknock characteristic, good impact resistance properties and static/dynamic characteristics.
Mechanical engineering testing technology [M].
Mechanical Industry Press, 2006 [2] Yan Li, Lei Zhang, Chun Liu, Gang Yin.

The band gap of anatase TiO2 is 3.2eV, and the anatase titanium dioxide has excellent resistance to light corrosion and photoelectrochemical properties, so it is widely used in solar cells, photocatalysis and photolysis of water into hydrogen and other fields.
In this article, TiO2 nanotubes are prepared by the method of anodic oxidation[4~6] .Annealing temperature and other factors on the microstructure and properties of nanotubes will be researched, and then nanotubes will be prepared for solar cell which photoelectric conversion properties will be studied. eventually, the photoelectric conversion of DSSC is 1.53%, open circuit voltage reached 0.734, short -circuit current is 4.52mA, fill factor is 0.460. 2 Experiments 2.1 Preparation and characterization of TiO2 nanotubes Take titanium foil with the thickness of about 0.25mm to be anodized.
Use a syringe to apply a small amount of electrolyte to inject into the holes of the back electrode, and then seal the holes with transparent plastic. 2.3 The measurements of optical and electrical properties Use 100 W xenon lamp as the sunlight simulator which incident light intensity is 100 mW ·cm-2, then measure it at room temperature, get V-I curve, record short-circuit current and open circuit voltage, which are used to calculate the fill factor and photoelectric conversion efficiency with formula.
The film is too thin will limits the absorption of the dye adsorption and photo - carrier, which will affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of DSSC cells.
Grimes, Visible light photo electrochemical and water-photo electrolysis properties of titanium nanotube arrays," Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology a-Chemistry, vol.178, 2006,pp. 8-15

Literature often concludes that the lower mechanical properties of recycled concrete, compared to standard concrete, is unfavourable for the durability in aggressive environments.
Geometrical and physical properties of aggregates.
Properties of acids and formed salts.
After mixing during another 60 s, the properties of the fresh concrete were determined.
[5] Pavlu T and Boehme L (2013) Properties and tests of recycled aggregates used in concrete.

Because of the chaotic nature for the rock and minerals, the measured mechanical value measuring individual briquettes may be away from the average,too big or too small.In statistics, they are always thinked abnormal values, so the handling method is often that the measured mechanical value is dismissed as irrelevant in the past.
However, from an experimental viewpoint, a more deviation value is not abnormal, which is the mutation individual factors random motion generated in chaotic system mutations and the inevitable result of internal chaos factor contradiction movement.
Of course,it should be ruled out the fault of the deviation caused by experimental facilities and anthropic factors.As long as the test is normal , a larger or smaller deviation results should also be taken into account, because in the mechanical crushing and grinding process, the strength of the individual rock and minerals processing will also be too high or too low.
The Determination and Analysis of the Rationality of Critical Force for Coal Gangue Crushing Through the above conclusion, we research on the laws of the broken for coal gangue selective fragmentized separation for anthracite coal mine and Xintai mine in Taixi .To collect the coal and waste rock sample, the main mechanical properties of which were determined in the laboratory.
Experimental Arrangements In WED - 50 type pressure testing machine and to design of the coal gangue mixed material fragmentized separation on the experiment, the acquisition of more than 500 piece of irregular coal, gangue block the static crushing experiments and dynamic crushing experiment [5-6]. testing crucially coal , waste rock size, fractures and loading methods affects on the crushing force .

The automotive, aerospace and marine fields are the major industries where titanium alloys are used, due to their special physical, chemical and mechanical properties [5,6].
Yan Long et al. pointed out the influence of ball milling time on the microstructure and alloy properties [3,13].
Fujiwara et al. have also presented results on the Ti6Al4V alloy, subjected to severe plastic deformation, followed by sintering using the Hot Roll Sintering process, in order to improve the mechanical properties.
Fujiwara et al., Outstanding Mechanical Properties in the Materials with a Nano / Meso Hybrid Microstructure, Mater.
Abou Zied, Influence of Milling Time on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nanostructured Al–7% Si alloy, IJENS 11 (2011) 164-170

Investigated factors and their levels.
Box-Meyer method aims at discovering the active factors, that is those which significantly affect the response through their main effects and/or interactions.
It considers all the possible subsets of active factors, each subset stating a particular combination of factors as active.
Factors A, B and D (α1, α2 and H1) clearly stand out as active, while the remaining factors turn out to be unimportant.
Micari Influence of Mechanical Properties of the Sheet Material on Formability in Single Point Incremental Forming, Annals of the CIRP Vol. 53/1/2004 (2004), 207-210