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The growth morphology of the coatings displays dendrite, the grains are coarse and big.
From Fig3(a) of sample 2# with ultrasonic vibration assisted, it can be seen that the equiaxed grains are fine, Ti (C, N) reinforced phase particles more like cosh and polygonal structure, very small and distributing uniformly.
The grain is fine, distributing uniformly, improving the wear resistance of the cladding layer greatly.
The wettability of particles and fusant is enhanced, a large number of cosh like, polygonal structure Ti (C, N) reinforced phase particles distribute dispersively on the cladding layer

Majority of sphalerite (ZnS) exist in monomer (Fig.3) with a particle size of about 15 microns; the other sphalerite exist together with little grains of pyrite (Fig.4) Chalcopyrite mainly exists in monomer form with a particle size of about 0.015×0.075 (mm), which takes the shape of strips and fragments (Fig.5).
Besides these monomers there are also some fine-grained chalcopyrite combined with pyrite or coated by pyrite (Fig.6).
For the extraction of copper and zinc from low grade tailings, heap bioleaching is the most efficient process [3, 4], but heap bioleaching is commonly used to treat massive materials and not suitable for fine-grained tailings.
There are a number of systems can be used in the research for chalcopyrite leaching, among them chloride solution system is the most prospective media for commercial use [6, 7, 8].

It should also be noted that the grain size structure of materials involved in electrode coatings or composite cores of tubular wires is established in such a way that the extrusion of the coat on the rod or compacting the composite core during tubular wire drawing, it needs to be possible and feasible from a technical and economic point of view.
It is known [1] the performance improving method of brazed coated rods by introducing into them a number of activating precursors.
These particles are germs for the processes of germination, convalescence of crystalline grains.
The metallographic analysis revealed a biphasic structure with uniformly distributed constituents and crystalline grain boundaries, clearly defined, demonstrating the beneficial effect of micro-alloying.

The number of measurements for standards and each layer in laminate was set to 10.
Furthermore, the interesting result is that the high hardness of SiC grains can compensate porosity in A5SiC layers.
The transgranular fracture was probably caused by a higher compressive stress on the grain boundary of SiC generated due to the mismatch of thermal coefficients (CTE) between alumina (CTE = 8.8×10-6 °C-1) matrix and SiC (CTE = 4.4×10-6 °C-1) [5].
However, this negative porosity effect can be compensated to certain extent due to the higher hardness of SiC grains.

The cross-rolled sheet is truly tetragonal if a large number of very small rolling passes are used.
In this study, a velocity gradient of cross-rolling of material with random bcc grains was applied.
with (2) where Γ is the accumulated shear strain in the grain, and , , and () are the initial critical resolved shear stress (CRSS), the initial hardening rate, the asymptotic hardening rate and the back-extrapolated CRSS, respectively.
Once A, B and C are known, Rex texture is determined such that A, B and C in the deformed matrix are parallel to three <100> directions in Rexed grain, when the MYMDs are <100> in cubic system.

X-ray diffraction data using the asymmetric (10•3) peaks were also acquired; these data are used to evaluate the structural quality of a mosaic crystal; asymmetric peaks such as the (10•3) peak are used to measure the size and twist of the grains [2].
mm) Mean(uw) = 0.00941 0.00000 0.00167 0.00333 0.00500 0.00667 0.00833 0.01000 0.01167 0.01333 0.01500 -20 -10 0 10 20 X (mm) -20 -10 0 10 20 Y (mm) Mean(uw) = 0.00651 0.00000 0.00167 0.00333 0.00500 0.00667 0.00833 0.01000 0.01167 0.01333 0.01500 Peak Position After Polish FWHM After Polish -20 -10 0 10 20 X (mm) -20 -10 0 10 20 Y (mm) Mean(uw) = 29.06980 37.37000 37.37778 37.38556 37.39333 37.40111 37.40889 37.41667 37.42444 37.43222 37.44000 -20 -10 0 10 20 X (mm) -20 -10 0 10 20 Y (mm) Mean(uw) = 26.27506 37.37000 37.37778 37.38556 37.39333 37.40111 37.40889 37.41667 37.42444 37.43222 37.44000 FWHM Before Polish Peak Position Before Polish thought to be the result of localized distortions due to edge-type threading dislocations as well as larger-area deformations along low angle grain
boundaries that delineate misoriented grains in the wafers.[3] Thus, Wafer A has the smallest number of localized distortions in the crystal lattice.

Experimental program Experimental program was focused on number of factors in HPC and UHPFRC mix design.
Mentioned drawback is possible to eliminate by using of aggregates with spherical grain.
But due to coarser grains of aggregates is not possible to raise amount of fibers to infinity.
High amount of steel fibers increases final mechanical properties but requires higher portion of fine grains in mixture.

The gas molecules dissociate the lattice of the metal as atoms or ions to generate interstitial and dislocations at grain interface generally.
Acknowledgment This study is supported by the by the International Program Associate of RIKEN and Universitas Indonesia under research grant with contract number NKB-2800/UN2.RST/HKP.05.00/2020.
V Rao, “Effect of nanometric grain size on electronic- transport, magneto-transport and magnetic properties of La0.7Ba0.3MnO3 nanoparticles,” J.
Baaziz et al., “Effect of sintering temperature and grain size on the electrical transport properties of La 0 . 67 Sr 0 . 33 MnO 3 manganite,” Chem.

A simple way to increase the storage capacity is to reduce a volume of a grain size (V) required for storing a single bit in magnetic medium.
Practically, a magnetic grain is characterized by its uniaxial anisotropy coefficient (Ku), where the higher the Ku, the harder the change of medium magnetization.
In general, the magnetic grain is stable when the magnetic energy (KuV) is much greater than (e.g., ³ 60) the thermal energy (kBT) [2], where kB = 1.38´10-23 is a Boltzmann’s constant and T is a temperature in Kelvin.
The transition center and the transition parameter with 10% peak temperature variation. 120 [nm] Number of subtracks (N) 17 Table 2.

It is explained which way a welded zone integrity has to concentrate on a number of inconveniences resulting from the weld behaviour.
They can be made from the number of origins as for instance workshop production and mechanical loading.
The resultant welding residual stresses are macro – residual stresses which are also indicated to be residual stresses of the first kind that vary on a scale of the cross section a distance much larger than the grain size.