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Online since: November 2012
Authors: Ming Gu, Shi Zhao Shen, Fang Hui Li, Fan Meng
Practical design method of the snow load for the low rise roof structures
Fan Meng1,a,Fanghui Li1,b, Ming Gu 2,c , and Shizhao Shen3,d
1School of Architectural Engineering, Heilongjiang University, China
2State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, China
3 School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, China
a790693001@qq.com , bfhli_2000@163.com, cminggu@tongji.edu.cn, dszshen@hit.edu.cn
Keywords: design method; snow load; load code; low rise roof structures
Abstract.
The data gathered here indicates that buildings may be at risk of failure due to large or uneven snow loads, and that his susceptibility is particularly apparent in certain types of building construction, as well as those structures that are poorly maintained or designed.
——basic snow depth (m) on the ground, is defined as the annual maximum value for the whole season with a return period of 100 years, and is estimated from meteorological data of the ground snow depth observed for a certain period. —— equivalent unit weight for ground snow, .
The environmental coefficient, basic snow depth on the ground and equivalent unit weight for ground snow is influence on the value of the snow load on the ground. 2.5 The Chinese Load code (GB50009-2001) The distribution factor of snow and ground basic snow load is given directly by meteorological statistic data in Chinese Load Code (GB50009-2001).
The data gathered here indicates that buildings may be at risk of failure due to large or uneven snow loads, and that his susceptibility is particularly apparent in certain types of building construction, as well as those structures that are poorly maintained or designed.
——basic snow depth (m) on the ground, is defined as the annual maximum value for the whole season with a return period of 100 years, and is estimated from meteorological data of the ground snow depth observed for a certain period. —— equivalent unit weight for ground snow, .
The environmental coefficient, basic snow depth on the ground and equivalent unit weight for ground snow is influence on the value of the snow load on the ground. 2.5 The Chinese Load code (GB50009-2001) The distribution factor of snow and ground basic snow load is given directly by meteorological statistic data in Chinese Load Code (GB50009-2001).
Online since: May 2016
Authors: Lei Zhang, Peng Lin Li, Song Ling Tian, Wang Tai Yong, Ying Tian
Besides the product should meet the requirements about functional implementation, cost reduction, assemble and disassemble conveniences etc. there is a more important property a product should be monitored and controlled is its environmental impact.
Many companies and manufactory process researches also achieved many valuable data and experiences in the energy related practice process researches
And the different technical phrases have to be connected with the uniform data relationships expect for that of simple collaboration.
Fig.5 EFM application2: energy saving technological parameters optimization design Conclusions Take good use collaborative design network information and data science technology in energy footprint mapping frame methodology.
Many companies and manufactory process researches also achieved many valuable data and experiences in the energy related practice process researches
And the different technical phrases have to be connected with the uniform data relationships expect for that of simple collaboration.
Fig.5 EFM application2: energy saving technological parameters optimization design Conclusions Take good use collaborative design network information and data science technology in energy footprint mapping frame methodology.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: De Xiang Zhang, Zi Qin Chen, Da Ling Yuan
The speech signal is decomposed using EMD into the data adaptive bases up to the level of fundamental oscillations [3].
We can separate from the rest of the data by: (5) Note that the residue still contains some useful information.
Under certain statistical assumptions, soft thresholding can result in slightly greater noise reduction [4].
The noised experiment data is the pure speech signal in Figure 1 corrupted by white noise and SNR=7.5dB.
We can separate from the rest of the data by: (5) Note that the residue still contains some useful information.
Under certain statistical assumptions, soft thresholding can result in slightly greater noise reduction [4].
The noised experiment data is the pure speech signal in Figure 1 corrupted by white noise and SNR=7.5dB.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Le Le Zhang, Shuang Zhao
Data is clocked into the 32–bit shift register on each rising edge of CLK.
The data is clocked in MSB first.
Data is transferred from the shift register to one of six latches on the rising edge of LE.
A Study on Phase-Noise Reduction Method in Phase–Locked Loop Systems.
The data is clocked in MSB first.
Data is transferred from the shift register to one of six latches on the rising edge of LE.
A Study on Phase-Noise Reduction Method in Phase–Locked Loop Systems.
Online since: October 2018
Authors: Sanaa S. Abd Elmomen
The reduction of manganese oxide is accomplished by direct reduction with carbon causing higher coke consumption.
In this research, daily average data from the Egyptian blast furnace No.3 collected over the period from July to August 2015 are used. 2.
Calculated data are compared with the respective practical results in Fig.6.
This shows satisfactory agreement between the calculated and the measured data of manganese distribution and the possibility of using this model in the control system of the blast furnace.
Acknowledgement The author wishes to thank the Egyptian Iron and Steel Company (EISCO) for providing the BF data.
In this research, daily average data from the Egyptian blast furnace No.3 collected over the period from July to August 2015 are used. 2.
Calculated data are compared with the respective practical results in Fig.6.
This shows satisfactory agreement between the calculated and the measured data of manganese distribution and the possibility of using this model in the control system of the blast furnace.
Acknowledgement The author wishes to thank the Egyptian Iron and Steel Company (EISCO) for providing the BF data.
Online since: September 2018
Authors: Ilya P. Mikhnev, Natalia A. Salnikova, M.B. Lempert
According to modern data, the effect of ionizing radiation on a living organism can manifest itself in the long term.
Research methods included: analysis of known scientific and technical results; standard methods for studying the properties of building materials and gamma-spectrometric analysis of the effective specific activity of NRN; dosimetric and radiometric methods for determining dose loads, and processing of experimental data using mathematical statistics.
It includes data from gamma spectrometric measurements, which give a complete description of the radioactivity of building materials.
Thus, it became possible to manage the reduction of radiation characteristics in the region.
Table 3 presents the data characterizing the average annual effective equivalent dose (EED) of irradiation of the population of Russia due to background irradiation.
Research methods included: analysis of known scientific and technical results; standard methods for studying the properties of building materials and gamma-spectrometric analysis of the effective specific activity of NRN; dosimetric and radiometric methods for determining dose loads, and processing of experimental data using mathematical statistics.
It includes data from gamma spectrometric measurements, which give a complete description of the radioactivity of building materials.
Thus, it became possible to manage the reduction of radiation characteristics in the region.
Table 3 presents the data characterizing the average annual effective equivalent dose (EED) of irradiation of the population of Russia due to background irradiation.
Online since: August 2007
Authors: Yoshio Ukyo, Akihiko Suda, Kae Yamamura, Akira Morikawa, Yasutaka Nagai, Hideo Sobukawa, Hirofumi Shinjo
Data of Fig.3 and 4 have similar
appearance in the composition range from 0 to 90 mol% ZrO2.
Data of pure ZrO2 in Fig. 4 shows mixed state of tetragonal and monoclinic phase.
But, data of Fig.3 shows almost tetragonal phase only.
The mechanism of the large OSC is speculated as uniform dispersion of CeO2 and ZrO2 in the material from the XRD data.
And, it is confirmed by EDS data of FE-TEM.
Data of pure ZrO2 in Fig. 4 shows mixed state of tetragonal and monoclinic phase.
But, data of Fig.3 shows almost tetragonal phase only.
The mechanism of the large OSC is speculated as uniform dispersion of CeO2 and ZrO2 in the material from the XRD data.
And, it is confirmed by EDS data of FE-TEM.
Online since: July 2016
Authors: Alexander Scheuermann, Jesinthan Ketheeswaran, Somayeh Behraftar
Image Analysis can be used in conjunction with numerical modelling to validate computational data with results from experiments and is often inexpensive and easy to utilize.
The compressive load and extension was recorded by a data logger from which the characteristics of the samples are listed (Table 1).
The image analysis software utilized is ImageJ, a public domain Java image processing program able to serve many functions such as editing, analyzing, calibrating and processing image data [12, 13, 14].
The result of the ImageJ® analysis is exported to MATLAB® where a script extracts the data and plots the trajectories.
A MATLAB® script was then used to export the data and plot the trajectories.
The compressive load and extension was recorded by a data logger from which the characteristics of the samples are listed (Table 1).
The image analysis software utilized is ImageJ, a public domain Java image processing program able to serve many functions such as editing, analyzing, calibrating and processing image data [12, 13, 14].
The result of the ImageJ® analysis is exported to MATLAB® where a script extracts the data and plots the trajectories.
A MATLAB® script was then used to export the data and plot the trajectories.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi Ashnani, Haslenda Hashim, Elham Hasani, Anwar Johari
Literature review results and the data available on Malaysian oil industry were used in the analyses.
The aim of life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) is to shed more light on the LCI data.
To obtain the indicators of the environmental impact categories, the inventory data are multiplied by characterization factors (CF) (Eq.1) FI=i(jEj or Rj×CFi , jNFiWFi) By weighting, the different effects (e.g. global warming or energy depletion) are evaluated based on the order of potential harm to environment caused by them.
Moreover, the comparative LCA of palm oil biodiesel production(1627.748kg Co2eq/ton)along with combustion (760 kgCO2eq/ton)[15] and extraction and combustion a tonne of fossil diesel (4,224 kgCO2eq)[19]shows 43.5%reduction of emission of GHG.
Suzuki, Reduction of methane released from palm oil mill lagoon in Malaysia and its countermeasures, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change.8 (2003)237-52
The aim of life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) is to shed more light on the LCI data.
To obtain the indicators of the environmental impact categories, the inventory data are multiplied by characterization factors (CF) (Eq.1) FI=i(jEj or Rj×CFi , jNFiWFi) By weighting, the different effects (e.g. global warming or energy depletion) are evaluated based on the order of potential harm to environment caused by them.
Moreover, the comparative LCA of palm oil biodiesel production(1627.748kg Co2eq/ton)along with combustion (760 kgCO2eq/ton)[15] and extraction and combustion a tonne of fossil diesel (4,224 kgCO2eq)[19]shows 43.5%reduction of emission of GHG.
Suzuki, Reduction of methane released from palm oil mill lagoon in Malaysia and its countermeasures, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change.8 (2003)237-52
Online since: June 2020
Authors: Viktors Vibornijs, Laila Dubova, Olga Mutere, Nauris Cielava, Alina Rimkus, Ina Alsina, Natalya Strunnikova, Oleg Kassien
Fließbach et al. [12] reported reduction in activities of soil enzymes in soil with high heavy metal availability in added SS.
Another data [13] demonstrated that microbial biomass and enzyme activities decreased with increasing heavy-metal pollution.
Obtained data was processed using single or two-factor ANOVA analysis.
Values within data marked by different letters have statistically significant differences.
The data obtained on 2nd of September (45th day of vegetation) shows that plants that have the fastest growth have a significant nitrogen deficiency (SSP+NPK).
Another data [13] demonstrated that microbial biomass and enzyme activities decreased with increasing heavy-metal pollution.
Obtained data was processed using single or two-factor ANOVA analysis.
Values within data marked by different letters have statistically significant differences.
The data obtained on 2nd of September (45th day of vegetation) shows that plants that have the fastest growth have a significant nitrogen deficiency (SSP+NPK).