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Online since: January 2019
Authors: Bei Gang Li, Xiao Hong Lin
The isothermal data conform to the Langmuir model with the maximum adsorption capacity of 714 mg/g at 298 K.
According to the negative values of Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°) and enthalpy change (ΔH°), reduction of Langmuir adsorption coefficient with the increase of temperature, the adsorption system from 298 K to 328 K is confirmed to be of spontaneous and exothermic nature.
Fig. 3 Effect of time and temperature on sorption Fig. 4 The molecular structure of Congo Red To better understand the mechanism of the adsorption process of CR onto La/MFA, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were widely used to analyze the experimental kinetic data.
Table 3 The fitting parameters for CR adsorption onto La/MFA T / K Langmuir model Freundlich model qmax KL R2 KF n R2 298 714 0.189 0.9999 452 14.7 0.5537 313 667 0.175 0.9999 421 14.6 0.6711 328 625 0.108 0.9994 378 13.8 0.7319 Fig. 7 The plot of RL verses c0 The equilibrium experimental data of direct dye CR adsorption on La/MFA were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the important parameters and correlation coefficients (R2) obtained from the fitting results are listed in Table 3.
According to the comparison of the correlation coefficients from two models, the equilibrium data follow the Langmuir model well (R2>0.999), but the fitting result for the Freundlich model is not ideal.
According to the negative values of Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°) and enthalpy change (ΔH°), reduction of Langmuir adsorption coefficient with the increase of temperature, the adsorption system from 298 K to 328 K is confirmed to be of spontaneous and exothermic nature.
Fig. 3 Effect of time and temperature on sorption Fig. 4 The molecular structure of Congo Red To better understand the mechanism of the adsorption process of CR onto La/MFA, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were widely used to analyze the experimental kinetic data.
Table 3 The fitting parameters for CR adsorption onto La/MFA T / K Langmuir model Freundlich model qmax KL R2 KF n R2 298 714 0.189 0.9999 452 14.7 0.5537 313 667 0.175 0.9999 421 14.6 0.6711 328 625 0.108 0.9994 378 13.8 0.7319 Fig. 7 The plot of RL verses c0 The equilibrium experimental data of direct dye CR adsorption on La/MFA were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the important parameters and correlation coefficients (R2) obtained from the fitting results are listed in Table 3.
According to the comparison of the correlation coefficients from two models, the equilibrium data follow the Langmuir model well (R2>0.999), but the fitting result for the Freundlich model is not ideal.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Ming Hui Wang, Bi Zeng, Yong Quan Yu
This paper carries out the simulation under various situations such as different navigation speed, sea conditions, encounter angle and ship parameter perturbation, to test the roll reduction and robustness of the roll controller designed.
Therefore, roll reduction is an important area of research.
The database stores parameters of the controller process, process output value, handled mediated data and other empirical parameters, such as classical domain sphere, extension domain sphere, characteristics mode classification.
From the figure we see that the roll reduction is approximately 46% for nonlinear model.
Rudder roll stabilization controller cannot limit it into the classical domain due to its limited roll reduction rate.
Therefore, roll reduction is an important area of research.
The database stores parameters of the controller process, process output value, handled mediated data and other empirical parameters, such as classical domain sphere, extension domain sphere, characteristics mode classification.
From the figure we see that the roll reduction is approximately 46% for nonlinear model.
Rudder roll stabilization controller cannot limit it into the classical domain due to its limited roll reduction rate.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Hai Jun Duan, Guang Min Wu, Dan Liu, John D. Mai, Jian Ming Chen
Image classification of remote sensing data is an important topic and long-term tasks in applications [1].
When it is 0.5, the classification accuracy reaches maximum with the best classification result for study area of Dali Erhai Lake basin using landsat TM data. (2) Bayesian MRF model have obvious advantages in classification for neighbourhood pixels so that it can separate Shadow class from Water class because the Shadow in mountain areas is very similar to Water in spectrum.
Thirdly, we apply Bayesian MRF model for classification in about 80 square kilometers area including Xiaguan town and part of Dali Erhai Lake in Yunnan province, South West of China using Landsat TM data, which is performed by ten different clique potential parameters from -0.5 to 5.
Bigger parameters show reductions of details in classification results, see Fig.2 (a) (b) and (c).
When it is 0.5, the classification accuracy reaches maximum with the best classification results for about 80 km2 study area in Dali Erhai Lake basin using landsat TM data. (2) Bayesian MRF model have more advantages in the classification for neighbourhood pixels so that it can separate shadow class from water class when the Shadow in forest land is very similar to Water in spectrum.
When it is 0.5, the classification accuracy reaches maximum with the best classification result for study area of Dali Erhai Lake basin using landsat TM data. (2) Bayesian MRF model have obvious advantages in classification for neighbourhood pixels so that it can separate Shadow class from Water class because the Shadow in mountain areas is very similar to Water in spectrum.
Thirdly, we apply Bayesian MRF model for classification in about 80 square kilometers area including Xiaguan town and part of Dali Erhai Lake in Yunnan province, South West of China using Landsat TM data, which is performed by ten different clique potential parameters from -0.5 to 5.
Bigger parameters show reductions of details in classification results, see Fig.2 (a) (b) and (c).
When it is 0.5, the classification accuracy reaches maximum with the best classification results for about 80 km2 study area in Dali Erhai Lake basin using landsat TM data. (2) Bayesian MRF model have more advantages in the classification for neighbourhood pixels so that it can separate shadow class from water class when the Shadow in forest land is very similar to Water in spectrum.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Hou Jun Lu, Hui Qiang Zhen, Wei Jian Mi
Fig. 3 System framework
The data access layer will collect the different devices’ operational data and give the maintenance logic layer the unified data.
The maintenance history module is used to record the equipment maintenance and analyze the data used to predict the faults.
The maintenance system proposed by this paper develops a monitoring program that can communicate with handling equipment’s electrical control system and collect the operational status data of equipment timely by remote PC and enterprise LAN storing and analysis the data.
Fig. 5 Logic diagram of real-time status monitoring module Data Access Component.
In order to form the unified valid data, this paper designed data access component to collect the different data source’s data, meanwhile gives the relatively standardized format of information sharing.
The maintenance history module is used to record the equipment maintenance and analyze the data used to predict the faults.
The maintenance system proposed by this paper develops a monitoring program that can communicate with handling equipment’s electrical control system and collect the operational status data of equipment timely by remote PC and enterprise LAN storing and analysis the data.
Fig. 5 Logic diagram of real-time status monitoring module Data Access Component.
In order to form the unified valid data, this paper designed data access component to collect the different data source’s data, meanwhile gives the relatively standardized format of information sharing.
Research on Mechanism of the Displacement Error of Reverse Positioning and Clamping for Rotary Table
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Hui Yang, Xiao Geng Jiang, Bei Ying Liu
As the theoretical results continued to get close to the measured values, on the basis of the process above can we conclude the influencing factors and the possibility to reduce the error, thus develop a new approach for the reduction of the reverse positioning error.
1.
By comparing the modelling result with experimental data, the source of the error factor was gained. 2.
Data was measured by a Mitutoyo ID-C 513-424A Digital electronic micrometer and imported to the Yokogawa DLM 2000 oscilloscope.
Data was used to compare with the simulation result along time, the simulation could forecast the experiment results.
Conclusion Compared the simulating and experimental results, we conclude that FEA is a reasonable method in evaluation of the reverse positioning process, and able to offer data close to experimental result.
By comparing the modelling result with experimental data, the source of the error factor was gained. 2.
Data was measured by a Mitutoyo ID-C 513-424A Digital electronic micrometer and imported to the Yokogawa DLM 2000 oscilloscope.
Data was used to compare with the simulation result along time, the simulation could forecast the experiment results.
Conclusion Compared the simulating and experimental results, we conclude that FEA is a reasonable method in evaluation of the reverse positioning process, and able to offer data close to experimental result.
Online since: January 2006
Authors: Gai Fei Peng, Sammy Yin Nin Chan, Qi Ming Song, Quan Xin Yi
Proper evaluation of fire resistance of concrete needs more experimental data obtained under
various cooling regimes such as water spraying or water quenching.
Baker [6], using the previous reported data.
The reduction in residual strength was 5 % to 15 %, bigger than that in hot strength.
Proper evaluation of fire resistance of concrete needs more experimental data obtained under various cooling regimes such as water spraying or water quenching.
Proper evaluation of fire resistance of concrete needs more experimental data obtained under various cooling regimes such as water spraying or water quenching.
Baker [6], using the previous reported data.
The reduction in residual strength was 5 % to 15 %, bigger than that in hot strength.
Proper evaluation of fire resistance of concrete needs more experimental data obtained under various cooling regimes such as water spraying or water quenching.
Proper evaluation of fire resistance of concrete needs more experimental data obtained under various cooling regimes such as water spraying or water quenching.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Hai Yan Wang, Jian Xin Zhang
If the sample data properties are not independent, forecast precision will been affected badly and internal instability will appear.
Experiment environment Experimental data.
The data were acquired from dyeing textiles pictures under daylight lamp.
This experiment was on the based on the data set that was obtained randomly from the total samples.
Further it eliminates the possibility of reduction in accuracy as the sample sized increases.
Experiment environment Experimental data.
The data were acquired from dyeing textiles pictures under daylight lamp.
This experiment was on the based on the data set that was obtained randomly from the total samples.
Further it eliminates the possibility of reduction in accuracy as the sample sized increases.
Online since: January 2015
Authors: Yun Bin Li, Xiao Xia Luo, Jun Hui Xu, Lei Wei
aEmail:18802767286@163.com, bEmail: liyunwenwu@163.com
Keywords: Unmanned aerial vehicle; Maritime cruise; Risk evaluation; Selection optimization
Abstract: Since the maritime traffic accidents and oil spill risk problem is getting increasingly serious, on the base of the maritime and oil spill accidents historical data analysis, the risk source in the Bohai Sea is discretized into finite cell.
And then, on the basis of Bohai sea’s information and data in navigation environment, routes, vessel traffic or so, the navigation risk factors are identified and classified [1].
After plugged the data of oil spill accidental pollution in the Bohai sea between 2005 and 2013, the system will calculate the risk index of each small square area through regional pollution accident risk index calculation method.
The cost-effectiveness analysis on the Bohai sea emergency base is mainly with the help of the quantitative analysis method so that the benefit and risk reduction are turned into measurable indicators.
Based on the data above, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the site selection problem.
And then, on the basis of Bohai sea’s information and data in navigation environment, routes, vessel traffic or so, the navigation risk factors are identified and classified [1].
After plugged the data of oil spill accidental pollution in the Bohai sea between 2005 and 2013, the system will calculate the risk index of each small square area through regional pollution accident risk index calculation method.
The cost-effectiveness analysis on the Bohai sea emergency base is mainly with the help of the quantitative analysis method so that the benefit and risk reduction are turned into measurable indicators.
Based on the data above, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the site selection problem.
Online since: March 2016
Authors: Qing Li, Jin Xia Song, Wei Peng Ren, Qiang Huang, Xin Guang Guan, Hao Chen
When aging treatments continued the regularization of γ' resulted in the improvement of stress-rupture life and the reduction of tensile elongation.
Each measured value is the average of at least 3 data obtained from 3 specimens.
When the cooling gas pressure raises further and cooling manner changes from static cooling to forced cooling, improvement of high temperature stress-rupture property and reduction of room temperature elongation ratio with increasing cooling rate take place.
By comparison of data in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, it is easy to find that room temperature tensile strength and high temperature stress-rupture life of flat specimens are lower than those of cylindrical specimens.
As a result, the improvement of stress-rupture life and reduction of elongation ratio after aging treatment are predictable.
Each measured value is the average of at least 3 data obtained from 3 specimens.
When the cooling gas pressure raises further and cooling manner changes from static cooling to forced cooling, improvement of high temperature stress-rupture property and reduction of room temperature elongation ratio with increasing cooling rate take place.
By comparison of data in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, it is easy to find that room temperature tensile strength and high temperature stress-rupture life of flat specimens are lower than those of cylindrical specimens.
As a result, the improvement of stress-rupture life and reduction of elongation ratio after aging treatment are predictable.
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Sang Leen Yun, Seog Ku Kim, Sung Won Kang, Pill Jae Kwak, Jae Hwan Ahn, Hyo Jin Ban
To determine the process efficiency of the filter device, a multiparameter water quality analyzer and a data transmission system were established, which showed the efficient process even at a large distance, as well as the good operational status of the filter device.
The following results were obtained: 1) The pelletized fibrous filter in a high-rate filtering device was shown to be very effective in removing TSS due to its irregular internal structure. 2) The efficiency of the filtering device was 7.16 and 97.9% for TSS, 11.5 and 53.1% for CODMn, 21.7% for T-N, and 31.6% for T-P. 3) The increase in the amount of the influent to be processed in a high-rate filtering device is proportional to the reduction of the process efficiency.
The following results were obtained: 1) The pelletized fibrous filter in a high-rate filtering device was shown to be very effective in removing TSS due to its irregular internal structure. 2) The efficiency of the filtering device was 7.16 and 97.9% for TSS, 11.5 and 53.1% for CODMn, 21.7% for T-N, and 31.6% for T-P. 3) The increase in the amount of the influent to be processed in a high-rate filtering device is proportional to the reduction of the process efficiency.