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Introduction The discoveries of fullerene, carbon nanotubes and spherical carbon shells in the recent years have stimulated intense interest in carbon structure, which open a new challenging field in the solid state physics, chemistry and materials science due to their potential applications [1-3].
Compared with HCS, HCHs can provide high surface area at reduced volume and their hemispherical structure with hollow shell results in the improvement in the mass transfer.
To our knowledge, submicrometer-sized HCHs as a new carbon structure were synthesized for the first time in the magnesium carbonate-metallic Li system.
The TEM results showed that the S045 sample consisted of the hollow carbon structures with diameters from 216 to 406 nm.
The ED patterns indicated the crystallinity of hollow carbon structures became better in the order of 450 oC, 500 oC and 550 oC.

Layered construction (Monolithic structure) is the key way to realize this form.
Fig.2 shows the SEM micrographs of the interfacial structures of ZMT3/ZMT1/NZC and ZMT3/HH2/NZC composites, and it can be concluded that in the co-fired of ZMT3/ZMT1/NZC two kinds of interface (ZMT3/ZMT1 and ZMT3/ZMT1) compact structure, no crack and crack phenomenon.
In the co-fired of ZMT3/HH2/NZC, two kinds of interface (ZMT3/HH2 and HH2/NZC) also show compact structure, no crack and crack phenomenon.
Temperature, species of diffusion ions, composition and crystal structure of the diffusion media materials have an important impact on the diffusion coefficient [13,14,15].
Zhang: Solid State Inorganic Chemistry (Wuhan University Press, China 2005)

The phase, with a disordered fcc structure, is a soft magnetic phase.
The phase is an ordered fct structure with Pt at the (½ ½ ½) sites and Co at the (000) sites.
As-prepared CoPt nanoparticles are characterized by disordered fcc structure with crystallites size about 3-4 nm.
The formation of ordered fct structure under the annealing of the CoPt particles should lead to the change of cubic magnetic anisotropy (typical for disordered fcc structure) by uniaxial magnetic anisotropy.
This may be connected with the features of fct structure formation.

In order to fit the requirement, the cation radius for the fluorite structure should be 0.095 nm.
The bigger cation may make the fluorite structure looser.
If some small cations like Sn 4+ are introduced into the looser structure, it would make the structure more stable.
The most stable rutile structure requires its cation radius being 0.053nm.
R.Egring: Handbook on the physics and chemistry of rare earths, vol. 3, Non metallic compounds.

Marqueza School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Mapua University, Muralla St., Manila, Philippines, 1002 amenandro.marquez@gmail.com Keywords: Zinc oxide, phthalocyanine, polyaniline, self-assembly, optical, electrical.
Infrared spectrum of the assembled layer showed peaks centered at 1589cm-1and 1504 cm-1, confirmed the presence of quinoid and benzenoid structures of PAni, while peaks centered at ~1165cm-1and ~775cm-1 provided evidence for the presence of TSCuPc species.
Even so, the diffraction peaks in XRD patterns of ZnO nanorods and ZnO/(TSCuPc-PAni) multilayer have been indexed as hexagonally wurtzite structure.
Even so, the diffraction peaks in XRD patterns of ZnO nanorods and ZnO/(TSCuPc-PAni) multilayer have been indexed as hexagonally wurtzite structure which are still consistent with the standard values for ZnO (JCPDS 36-1451).
Salaneck, "Layer-by-Layer Deposition of Copper Phthalocyanine from Aqueous Solution:Molecular Orientation, Ordering Parameters, and Electronic Structure," J.

Since the first report for the free standing graphene published in 2004, it becomes a hot research topic in the field of chemistry, materials science and physics [8-11].
The phase structures of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using Cu/Kα radiation (λ=1.54056Å).
The structures of pure Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 and Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3/graphene powders were further characterized by TEM.
Fig. 4(b) revealed the pure Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 powder consisted of large quantities of plate-like structures with about 200 nm in length.
Zhou, et al, Electronic structure and thermoelectric properties of Bi2Te3 crystals and graphene-doped Bi2Te3, Thin solid films. 518 (2010) e57-e60

Caoc Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China a zhangchunhong97@hit.edu.cn, b zhangzq@hit.edu.cn, ccaohl@hit.edu.cn Keywords: hybrid sizing, sol-gel technique, modification in situ, carbon fiber, composites Abstract.
A novel epoxy/SiO2 hybrid sizing for carbon fiber surface was prepared through sol-gel technique, the structure of the sizing were analyzed, and the effects of the sizing on mechanical properties of carbon fiber composites were also investigated.
The fracture surface morphology of epoxy sizing film is obviously single-phase structure, while epoxy/SiO2 hybrid sizing film exhibits good double-phases structure.
The epoxy/SiO2 hybrid sizing film exhibited good double-phases structure with nanoscale particles

Effect of Noble Metal Nanoparticles in SERRS Measurements of Water-Soluble Porphyrins Pavlína ANDRÝSKOVÁ1,a, Karolína Machalová ŠIŠKOVÁ1, Ariana FARGAŠOVÁ1 and Radek ZBOŘIL1 1Dept. of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic apavlina.andryskova@upol.cz Keywords: Ag nanoparticles, Ag colloid, porphyrins, surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy Abstract.
The comparison of different systems gives insight into the option of suitability of using of nanoparticles with various surface ions in the production of different spectral forms of chosen porphyrins in dependence on their structures.
Figure. 2: Structure of TMPyP (left) and TTMAPP (right).
TCPP and TSPP) without coating of the nanoparticles surface is observable after several hours or even days in dependence on porphyrin structure, aggregation usually does not occur. [12] Metallation markers of TMPyP [9,11,13] are localized at 390, 1015 and 1340 cm-1.
The same measurement was used also for the second cationic porphyrin TTMAPP [3,9]  (structure in Figure. 2), which has metallation markers in 382, 1340 and 1540 cm-1, and these markers are depicted in Figure 4A in Agbh.

XRD showed that a layered rock salt structure with a R3m space group was formed by calcination at 750 °C for 10 h.
The theoretical capacity of spinel LiMn2O4 is much lower than that of layered structures such as LiCoO2 and LiNiO2.
The crystal phases of calcined powders resulted in a layered rock salt structure with a R3m space group.
The crystal phase of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 resulted in a layered rock salt structure with a R3m space group.
Hirai, Chemistry Express, 7 (1992), p. 193

The outcome is a polymeric structure with properties comparable to materials based on cement.
Figure 1: Sieving method As activators, a potassium water glass with a silicate molar ratio 1.7 (marked as DVS2), a sodium water glass with a silicate molar ratio 1.5 (NaVS1.5), DESIL AL (a colloidal solution with the addition of aluminum, whose framework is very similar to zeolitic structures and is identified by the producer as a geopolymeric binder) and powdered anhydrous sodium metasilicate (marked as MKS) were used in the experiment.
The development of values indicates that the processes in the structure that occur in alkali activated systems differently depend on the environment even after 28 days after production.
Van Deventer: Geopolymers: structure, processing, properties and industrial applications.
Davidovits: Geopolymer: chemistry and applications. 3rd ed.