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Nanoindentation: Nanoindentation tests were performed using Micro Materials Nanotest indenter that is equipped with a Berkovich diamond tip.
Wulff: Journal of Microelectronics Reliability Vol. 50 (2010), p. 1
Pharr: Journal of Materials Science and Engineering Vol.
Marumoa: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 191 (2007), p. 16
Persic: Journal of Material Science: Material Electronic (2009).

Hence, PL is very helpful in order to study quantum confinements of electrons in low-dimensional materials [18].
Collins, A theoretical model of the formation morphologies of porous silicon, Journal of Electronic Materials. 17 (1988) 533-541
Gosele, Porous silicon: quantum sponge structures grown via a self-adjusting etching process, Advanced Materials. 4 (1992) 114-116
Barsony, Porous silicon light-emitting diodes - mechanism in the operation, Optical Materials. 17 (2001) 111-116
Resto, Relation between electroluminescence and photoluminescence in porous silicon, Materials Science and Engineering: B. 72 (2000) 138-141

Materials and methods Materials: Chitosan (Mw=3,000, the degree of deacetylation DD=80%) from Haidebei biochemistry Co (China) was used for the preparation of graft copolymer.
Zhang: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A Vol.77A(2007), p.277 [4] F.G.
Albertsson: Journal of Applied Polymer Science Vol.74(2003), p.3186 [8].
Sanghi: Journal of Applied Polymer Science Vol.95(2005), p.820 [14] V.
Muramatsu: Journal of Applied Polymer Science Vol.81(2001), p.2151

Therefore, the efforts are increasingly focused on the composite materials by blending HAp with polymer materials.
George, et al: Nature materials Vol. 9 (2010), p.1004 [5] D.
Visan, et al: Materials Science and Engineering: B Vol. 169 (2010), p.151 [7] X.
Shuai, et al: Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics Vol. 51 (2013), p.742 [9] J.
Hu, et al: Journal of biomedical materials research Part A Vol. 99 (2011), p.327 [10] S.

The sol-gel method is complicated in operation and strict in materials dosage.
It provided a fast and simple way for preparing TiO2/ Na2Ti6O13 materials.
Sodium titanate cuboid as advanced anode material for sodium ion batteries, Journal of Power Sources. 305 (2016) 200-208
Rietveld refinement of sol-gel Na2Ti6O13 and its photocatalytic performance on the degradation of methylene blue, Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology. 47 (2008) 158-164
Research Progress on Nanosized Materials Synthesized by Detonation Method, Rare Metal Materials and Engineering. 36 (2007) 2069-2074.

Study of Bio-mineralization of BCP with Compensation of Calcium and Phosphate Ions Huade ZHENG a, Yingjun WANG b , Qiang MA c , Chengyun NINGd and Xiaofeng CHEN e Institute of Biomedical Materials Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, China, 510640 a hdzheng@scut.edu.cn, b imwangyj@scut.edu.cn, c adqma@scut.edu.cn, dimcyning@scut.edu.cn, e chenxf@scut.edu.cn Keywords: BCP, IMSE system, Ion compensation, Bio-mineralization Abstract.
Xiao: Materials Letters Vol. 60 (2006), P. 455 [4] H.P.
Li: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine Vol. 9 (1998), P. 723 [5] H.P.
Li: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine Vol. 13 (2002), P. 1271 [6] S.C.
Zhang: Science and Technology of Crystal growth (Science Press, Beijing 1997)

The main theoretical results were obtained by using approaches based on classical methods of calculating machine parts, theory of machines and mechanisms, tribology and triboengineering, kinetic theory of fracture of materials.
A work-piece is a gear wheel of 20 mm module, material – 40ХМ.
Thus, the use of modern tool materials allows implementing a fundamentally new technology for gear wheels milling by using a form-generating method [18 – 24].
Simultaneously with the change of tool materials and application of wear-resistant coatings, the design of modern hob cutters was also changed, so they had an extended working section length compared to standard cutters.
Egorov, Educational and methodical complex - a center of high-tech equipment with cnc and technological preparation of production, Scientific Journal Modern problems of science and education. 3 (2014)

To resolve damage to the knee joint, a replacement bone implant was needed with materials that match the characteristics of the human body.
Most implant materials were derived from biomaterials that have the essence of supporting medical applications.
Saini, Implant biomaterials: A comprehensive review, World Journal of Clinical Cases, 3 (2015) 1
Murr et al., Microstructure and mechanical behavior of Ti–6Al–4V produced by rapid-layer manufacturing, for biomedical applications, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 2, (2009) 20–32
Pityana, Microstructures, hardness and bioactivity of hydroxyapatite coatings deposited by direct laser melting process, Materials Science and Engineering. 43 (2014) 189–198

Major Materials of Concrete:Cement: The ordinary Portland cement of Lafarge 42.5.
When K is 0, materials of concrete will get back to mortar and pores while when it is 1, they become aggregate and discontinuous mortar.
As for materials of ordinary concrete, K has a certain range according to the composition of the concrete.
Experiment and Analysis of Concrete’s Thermal Conductivity[J]．Journal of Building Materials，2010，13(1)：17—23
Journal of University of Science and Technology of China，2002，22(4)：416—423．

As the main fastener material, it has the advantage of low density, high fatigue life, simple chemical compositions and low cost of semi-manufactured goods.
Experimental material and method The material used in this study is annealed TC4 alloy that has been heated at 760°C for 2h.
So the material with duplex structure not only has excellent room-temperature mechanical properties, but also has good creep, fatigue properties and thermal stability[7,8].
Acknowledgment This work is financially supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 2010ZE56016) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50964012).
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