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Afterwards, material properties of St 52 steel were set up in the program.
In the study, C2A-06-062LW-350 strain gage which has 2.125 ± %0.5 gage factor at 240C and produced by Vishay Micro-Measurement was used.
When the crane dead load and test load (21280 kg) affected to the structure, stresses increased normally.
Safety factor (n), which is the ratio of the yield point of the material to maximum stresses on structure, must be minimum 1.30.
Higher safety factors also means for special requested designs entails extra efforts and materials.

There are many factors that affect DF, such as the friction between blank and tools, the lubrication conditions, the tool geometry, the punch–die clearance, and the blank-holding force (BHF).
Among these factors, BHF plays a key role.
The mechanical parameters of these materials have been determined by tensile tests using a Zwick/Roell machine, model Z150.
Table 1 shows the mechanical properties obtained from the tensile tests [11].
Table 1 Mechanical properties of the materials Material Rp0.2 [MPa] Rm[MPa] E[GPa] r [-] n [-] K[MPa] AA6016-T4 158.070 264.809 64.880 0,552 0.239 479.714 DC04 196.241 309.210 170.920 1.954 0.209 526.759 Experimental equipment.

Measuring points p Measurement of properties Hardness.
When material properties depend much on positions in a material or it is difficult to make test specimens from a material or component, an instrumented indentation test described in ISO 14577-1 and 14577-2 can be used to measure material properties.
In this study, yield strengths, tensile strengths and work hardening exponents of base materials, heat affected zones and weld metals are measured using a similar method.
The fracture initiation location was in agreement with the weld toe with the greatest stress intensity factor, tK in case of annealed AAY specimens.
From the tK values and weld bead shape data, stress notch factors, fK were calculated by the Neuber and Peterson formulae [7].

However, the thin film coating under vacuum atmosphere was interested, has been considerable interest in understanding the structural and mechanical properties of transition metallic nitrides as various technological applications in industry and engineering.
Furthermore, it is well known that most properties of these binary nitride TiN thin films are influenced by deposition parameters such as sputtering pressure, gases flow rate, deposition time and target-substrate distance directly certain factors effect to crystalline structure and micro-structure.
Chaochao, Tribological properties of the Ti-Al-N thin films with different components fabricated by double-targeted co-sputtering, Appl.
Pischow, J. de Rijk, Structural, optical and mechanical properties of coloured TiNxOy thin films, Thin Solid Films. 447–448 (2004) 449-454
Mielczarski, Properties of titanium nitride films prepared by direct current magnetron sputtering, Mat.

Cutting parameters are the important factors that significantly influence surface roughness of the machined parts.
Seven levels were selected for each of the four factors.
The steel is widely used for pressure die casting, extrusion and hot forging because of its excellent comprehensive mechanical properties such as good red hardness and roughness.
The nominal chemical composition and material properties of AISI H13 steel are given in Table 3 and 4, respectively.
(3) where, η is the value of S/N ratio (unit: dB), yi is the value of surface roughness for the experiment in each factor/level combination (unit: μm), n is the number of combined noise factors.

The outer layers of the sandwich plate are different homogeneous and isotropic material properties for ceramic and metal.
Whereas the core is FGM layer, material properties vary continuously from one interface to the other in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions.
So, the thermal load can be critical factor at high velocities environment.
In their analysis the material properties were assumed to be temperature-independent and temperature - dependent.
Kitipornchai: Thermal Post-buckling of Laminated Plates Comprising Functionally Graded Materials with Temperature-defendant Properties, J.

The State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400050, China 2.Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chonqing401331,CHN a. zuoshilun@126.com, b.jxwang@cqu.edu.cn, c.litaifuemail@126.com Keywords: soft-sensor, radial basis function ,artificial neural network, support vector regression, continuous casting process Abstract.
The soft-sensor based on the SVR model possesses a number of attractive properties, such as a strong statistical basis, convergence to the unique global minimum and, an improved generalization performance by the approximated function.
Fig.1 Schematic representation of the continuous casting process The key of the continuous casting process is to control thickness of the slices, but factors affecting the thickness are very complex, these factors includes not only aspects of the geometric structure, but also aspects of the casting process.
(2) Whereis a kernel function, is the cale factor
Table 1 Trail process conditions The first experiment The second experiment Ambient temperature(ºC) 8±0.5 16±0.5 Water press(Mpa) 0.28±0.02 0.34±0.02 Water flow(L/min) 100±5 100±5 Temperature of molten lead(ºC) 360±5 365±5 Speed of the cylinder(r/min) 500～950 550～1100 Table 2 Statistic for the measured variables Measurement range Accuracy Sampling time(min) Ambient temperature(ºC) 0～100 ±0.5 30 Water press(Mpa) 0～0.6 ±0.02 5 Water flow(L/min) 0～200 ±5 5 Speed of the cylinder (r/min) 100～1500 ±1 5 Temperature of molten lead(ºC) 100～500 ±1 5 Through above analysis, although many parameters affect the slices thickness, but less process parameters can be controlled, and to achieve automatic control of process parameters are mainly casting speed.

The purpose is, through analysis and comparisons of her joints speed and angle changes at start, finding out factors for improving personal achievements and help to improve and update techniques of our province short track speed skating athletes.
In short track speed skating actions, two main factors decide the starting speed.
The time used by each step the shorter, the stride frequency is smaller, and the large gap between tested athlete and our country and world excellent athletes will certainly affect starting speed.
Another factor affecting speed is step length which is mainly decided by athletes’ height and hip-joint flexibility, and larger step length will help the athletes to get larger forward acceleration.
Research and Analysis of individual skaters elbow, knee, and ankle extensor and flexor muscles mechanical properties [J].

The extent of the corrosion processes can be predicted, when the affecting parameters and the mechanisms of the processes are known.
On the other hand significant reduction of coatings lifetime still occurs due to several factors: - improper structural design, - defects in coatings, - specific corrosion stress.
The mechanical stress was supposed to be a dominant reason of premature breaking of conductor.
There is necessary to verify these models in respect to structure designs, specific microclimates, corrosion mechanisms and other factors influencing the corrosion stress.
Lanik, Corrosion behaviour of weathering steels in the Czech republic, proceedings of 2nd International conference Corrosion and Material Protection, ISBN 978-80-903933-6-3, 19-22 April 2010, Prague [4] K.Kreislova, D.Knotkova, T.Kubatik, J.Had, P.Sajdl, Properties and protective ability of long-term exposed weathering steel constructions in the Czech Republic, proceeding of EUROCORR 2010, 13-17.9.2010, Moskva [5] D.Knotkova, J.Vlckova, Atmospheric Corrosion of Bolted Lap Joints Made of Weathering Steels, Atmospheric Corrosion, ASTM 1239, W.

The location and climate thus are crucial factors in selecting appropriate design strategies for sustainable facades.
Climate is affected, in varying degrees, by latitude, terrain, and altitude, as well as by nearby mountain ranges or bodies water.
Thermal mass It is generally believed that thermal mass should be integrated with night-time ventilation (natural/mechanical) to utilize the full energy-saving potential.
This strategies and technical guidelines for designing environmentally sensitive, energy - efficiency and smart envelope are based on scientific principles (such as climate-specific approaches for minimizing energy consumption, thermal behavior of different facade systems, materials and their properties) and also control of physical environment factors (heat, light, sounds) that improve occupant comfort (thermal, visual, acoustic, and air quality).
In: a) Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States b) School of Architecture, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, United States [5] H.