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The main body is a circuit board, which simultaneously fulfills mechanical connect and electric connect.
Due to symmetrical layout of three flexible legs and their consistent drive signal, tensional vibration of the legs will not affect movement of the robot.
Therefore, first order and second order vibration mode are main factors affecting the vibration of the structure.
Assume (4) Combing with equation (3)，the solution of equation (2) can be solved as (5) To make static properties of double pendulum model same with actual structure, following complemental condition is added (Fig.3): double pendulum model and the sub-structure have the same equivalent stiffness, which is the same displacement d will be produced when the same force F is applied at the end.
According to small deformation theory for the sheet, and combining structure characteristics of piezoelectric bimorph, following basic hypothesis is proposed: (i) The bonding between piezoelectric substrate and metal substrate is strong enough, which allow ignoring the effect of adhesive on mechanical properties of dual piezoelectric film.

Other factors affecting efficiency of inhibitor are temperature, flow rate and water/gas ratio.
The corrosion rate is significantly affected by the shape/flow regime and flow velocity [10,11].
In choosing an inhibitor, factors that must be considered are whether the inhibitor is toxic, the price and availability of the inhibitor and its ability to reduce the rate of corrosion.
They work by forming a protective layer on the metal surface or interfere the electrochemical properties to prevent corrosion process.
PVA, with its crosslinked structure, offers a highly adaptable method for creating and modifying polymers, thereby enhancing properties such as mechanical, thermal, and chemical stability.

The concentration of sericine protein was altered in CA polymeric solution that imparts variable properties to fabricated membrane samples.
Cellulose is a colorless and odorless polymer but possesses excellent characteristics like, fine mechanical strength, superior biocompatibility and hydrophilicity, high absorption potential and relatively better thermal resistance [8].
Hu, “Smart” Materials Based on Cellulose: A Review of the Preparations, Properties, and Applications, Materials. 6 (2013) 738-781
Ulbricht, Factors affecting the sieving behavior of anti-fouling thin-layer cross-linked hydrogel polyethersulfone composite ultrafiltration membrane, J.
Zhao, Controlled synthesis of Ag nanoparticles with different morphologies and their antibacterial properties, Mater. 

The Effect of Mean Stress and Thermo-mechanical Induced Stress on Micro-crack Initiation: An Analysis based on Experiments and DD Simulation Results C.F.
These experiments help in investigating the role of two distinct factors on micro-crack initiation: i- the role of the thermo-mechanical induced stress state, ii- the role of a positive uni-axial mean stress.
It is therefore assumed that temperature does not affect the interpretation of the results.
Surface grains are represented by appropriate properties of the boundaries [1].
Micro-cracks preferentially initiate in grains having a surface normal close to the <110> directions, where the thermo-mechanical induced stress state is equi-biaxial.

Contrarily, the chip thickness is decreased to meet the requirements of IC package and improve the heat radiation properties of the chip.
But, the Eq.(2) is only a theoretical calculating formula of the MRR in the wafer rotation grinding, some factors affecting MRR, such as the grit size and the rotational speed of the cup grinding wheel, etc., are not expressed in Eq.(2).
This paper will study the influence of main factors on the MRR in the experiment in the following sections.
Other Factors.
(4) Abrasive size is one of the most important factors of the MRR of rotation grinding for large-scale wafer.

Influence of Aluminum Nanoparticles Additives on Tribological Properties of Base Oil Vu Nguyen-Anh Le1,a, Jau-Wen Lin1,b* 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences 415 Jiangong Rd., Sanmin District.
The performance factors, such as COF, wear rate, thermal transfer onto the disc surface, as well as lubricant admixture, were evaluated in order to achieve an average value for the three trials conducted.
Wu, Tribological properties of oleic acid-modified graphene as lubricant oil additives, J.
Rohatgi, Effect of In-situ Processing Parameters on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Self-Lubricating Hybrid Aluminum Nanocomposites, Tribol.
Kalam, Tribological Properties and Lubricant Mechanism of Nanoparticle in Engine Oil, Procedia.

Kim 1,d,∗ 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Chunchun-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Kyonggi-do 440-746, Korea a yschang7@skku.edu, bfaithkim99@skku.edu, cboong33@skku.edu, dyjkim50@skku.edu Keywords: Alternative Fatigue Life Evaluation, Motor Operated Valve, Stress Classification Line, Structural Stress Approach, Structural Stress Concentration Factor Abstract: In ASME Sec.
III 'design by code' approach is based on two dimensional finite element analyses incorporating a plastic strain correction factor (SCF), Ke, as optional.
Also, distributed thrust forces induced from internal pressure multiplied by the MOV effective area were acted end of the model for mechanical stress analyses and the outside part of model was treated as adiabatic for thermal stress analyses.
For analyses, the corresponding temperature dependent material properties [8] such as Young's modulus (E), thermal conductivity (K), specific heat (Cp) and thermal expansion coefficient (α) were chosen as well as the constant density (ρ) of 7850 kg/m 3, Poisson's ratio (ν) of 0.3 and assumed heat transfer coefficient (h) of 98.5 W/m 2 ℃.
As a result, most of SCLs satisfied the criteria except for SCL2 and SCL3 which affected by restricted geometries.

Seamless pipes manufactured from the above grades possess the required properties, but they also have a number of limitations: the surface of finished products is of low quality as a result of a peritectic reaction during crystallization; besides, pipe performance is not high enough.
A detailed analysis of various factors which affect the performance of low carbon steel grades is performed in [2, 3].
Junoven, Effects of Non-metallic Inclusions on Fatigue Properties of Calcium Treated Steels, Helsinki University of Technology, Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Science in Technology, 2004
Poluhina, Effect of heat treatment on the mechanical properties of 08G2MB type steels with an ultradispersed structure, Manufacture of rolled metal products. 2 (2017) 20-25
Vinograd, Inclusions in steel and its properties, Metallurgy, Moscow, 1963, p. 252.

There is growing evidence that strontium influences bone remodeling by affecting both bone resorption and formation [2].
Several studies [1, 3] indicate that strontium can affect the activity of cells in vitro, acting directly on osteoclasts to inhibit bone resorption.
When coated with a layer similar to the natural mineral of bone, an orthopaedic metallic implant can not only exhibit adequate mechanical properties to be used as bone replacement but also can conduct bone formation and thereby, firmly integrate to bone.
The selection of these biomolecules could range from growth factors [13] to those therapeutic agents [14] used in the treatment of bone related diseases.
The effect on the coating properties like the morphology, chemistry and crystallinity was then evaluated.

These are all important factors for assuring the coating layer oxidation and corrosion resistance.
Introduction Owing to its outstanding properties of oxidation and corrosion resistance at both ambient and elevated temperatures, as determined by the ability to form compact, very adherent, Al-rich oxide scales, NiAl is widely applied to high oxidation and corrosion resistant coatings realization.
In sum, NiAl coating is a very cost effective mean to assure the oxidation and corrosion resistance of the surface while mechanical properties of the underlying substrate are maintained.
However, it is difficult to apply it due to the above-mentioned Al2O3 scale formed at high melting point and low diffusivity which may affect the coating adherence to the substrate.