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A large number of reports have shown, however, that under identical conditions, zirconia may suffer even higher wear than alumina, thus placing it in the position of a material with a much more limited range of applications than might be expected.
(a) 2.5N (b) 2.5N (c) 10N (d) 15N Fig.3 The optical microscopes of ZrO2 under different loads Although ZrO2 ceramics had high melting points, the ceramics grains could still melt.
All these factors resulted in very high temperatures on the rubbing surfaces, especially on the rubbing ceramic surface, which caused the ceramics grains to melt. [4-5] (a) 2.5N (b) 5N (c) 10N (d) 15N Fig.4 The optical microscopes of M50 under different loads Conclusions Wear tests were conducted on ZrO2 ceramic ball with M50 bearing steel.

The standard crystallographic data for the CdS and ZnS compounds were taken from JCPDS (card numbers 41-1049, 36-1450 respectively).
It has been observed that the grain size of the CdxZn1-xS films increases with increasing cadmium content, attains maximum around 12 nm when x=1.
SEM is a promising technique for the topography study of samples as it provides valuable information regarding the growth mechanism, shape and size of particles or grains.

These features do not only depend on chemical composition, but are highly influenced by the lattice and the grain structure.
Data of austenitic steel samples Table 1 Quasi-dislocation density [1/m2] Number of the sample Annealed Formed 1 2,13E+13 8,79E+13 2 3,54E+13 3,05E+14 Fig. 1 Dislocation-density in annealed and caliber rolled austenitic steel Based on Table 1. and Fig. 1, it can be determined that the values given by the software are such as expected: in the caliber-rolled sample there is a higher value of dislocation density.
Pantleon, Microstructure of individual grains in cold-rolled aluminium from orientation inhomogeneities resolved by electron backscattering diffraction, Materials Science and Engineering A 494 (2008) 21–27 [2] W.

In addition, the factors affect wear resistance of the material also include the production process and the heat treatment process, for example, casting coarse grain abrasion is less than fine grain.
Therefore, in tribology design process, on the one hand the lubricating medium and materials of kinematic pair need to be fully taken into account; on the other hand, a number of variable factors that can not be ignored.

Aggregate gradation Aggregate grading decision between the mineral aggregate particles embedded in the size of the extrusion force and mixture compaction degree, directly influence the high temperature stability of asphalt mixture.Research shows that in the optimum asphalt content, grain type asphalt concrete rutting minimum, fine particle type, coarse grain type rut is the largest.Westtrack ring test also draws similar conclusions.Simply increase the mineral aggregate size, therefore, is not necessarily can improve mixture high temperature stability, the key is to form a good embedded skeleton structure, and maintain a certain compactness.Screen hole pass rate is generally recognized as important influencing factors of asphalt mixture structure form[4].
Table 9 The mix different RCC times rutting test results Mixture type RCC / time Void fraction/% Dynamic stabilityDS/（time.mm-1) SUP-19 24 4.75 1964 18 5.24 1500 12 7.12 602 AC-20 24 4.51 1758 18 5.16 1401 12 7.21 596 SAC-19 24 4.43 2126 18 4.89 1326 12 5.78 665 For different RCC times (respectively provided the RCC 24 times, 18 times, 12 times) of the rut specimen, with the gradual reduction of the number of times of compacted mixture is difficult to compaction, the porosity is increased significantly, and the dynamic stability significantly reduced.

The higher temperature, the packing of Pd grains was higher.
The Pd grain sizes were between 3–4µm for annealing at 550ºC.
Acknowledgement This work was financially supported by the research funding of Prince of Songkla University, project number: SCI560410S.

Factors that Influence the Obtaining of Spherical Particle The fabrication of the spherical particle powders as opposite and detrimental to that of nonspherical particle powders is influenced by a large number of factors.
An illustration of the efficiency of the two methods mentioned before on the change in the shape factor and on the some of the properties of a grain-size fraction of Cu90Sn10 powder, whose particle size ranges between 200 and 315 µm can be seen in Table 2 [14].
The influence of the shape-based separation of particles and of their spheroidization in a plasma atomization of a 200-315 µm Cu90Sn10 powder grain-size fraction.

The high quality of SHS ferroaluminum is caused by a number of characteristic of their formation: 1.
This fact, together with the accelerated cooling regime causes the alloy with a high crystallization supercooling, promoting refinement of the grain structure of the metal matrix.
Conditions for the SHS process predetermine the possibility of the formation of fine nano-sized particles of nitrides, carbides and carbonitrides, which contribute to strong grain refinement (Figure 2) and improvement of the performance of melted alloy.

Those of piezoelectric ceramics, such as Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 (hereafter PZT) and modified PZT, are smaller due to the grain boundary in the ceramic.
The number of driving layers was 11, and each layer had a thickness of 36 µm.
Since there were few pores between the grains, the ceramic-electrode interfaces did not have delaminations.

The particle size of anatase phase and mass fraction of rutile phase decreases because of the Sn4+-doping, restrains the increase of grain size and rutile phase develop.The change of crystal parameters becomes great in the Sn4+-doping samples compared with pure TiO2 implied crystal matrix that could be expanded.
However, the substitution of Sn4+ into the matrix of TiO2 will affect the coordination number and distort the matrix.
The presence of Sn4+-doped in TiO2 can inhibit the phase transformation from anatase to rutile and suppress the growth of TiO2 grains, which resulted in increase in the photoactivity.