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UFG Al alloys are possible candidate materials for use in structural, automotive and aerospace applications due to a range of attractive properties such low density combined with high strength.
By utilizing both SPD and the pinning effects of fine particles, it is possible to generate a hybrid microstructure containing both high strength zones and more ductile zones by exploiting the properties of different Al alloys.
The effect of solute atoms might be a significant factor affecting the deformation microstructure since scandium has strong dislocation dragging capability that reduces mobility and generates additional dislocations to sustain deformation.
By controlling the relative thickness of the Al and Al(Sc) layers, as well as the annealing conditions, it is possible to generate a microstructure exhibiting a unique combination of mechanical properties [11].
By controlling both the relative thickness of the Al and Al(Sc) layers and annealing conditions, it is possible to generate a microstructure with a unique combination of mechanical properties such as high strength and reasonable ductility.

The photoluminescence properties show a strong green emission at 520.89 nm due to S vacancy.
Although the structure and most properties of ZnS are comparable to more popular and widely known ZnO, certain properties pertaining to ZnS are unique and advantageous.
With respect to field emission applications, it is also well known that the needle-shaped tips can significantly enhance the material field emission properties.
But few studies on the field emission properties of ZnS nanostructures has been reported [20,21], and it is still a question whether it is possible to make excellent field emitters out of various ZnS nanostructures by some facile routes.
The factor β is strongly affected by the nanostructure density, the emitter geometry (such as aspect ratios), its crystal structure, and vacuum gaps.

Concentration of the nitrogen substances also affected the visible light adsorption of the TiO2.
Comparison between WG400 and NF400 also implies that the additional ammonia salt did not affect the crystal structure of TiO2 in the grinding process.
Considering our results, these may indicate the grinding process in dry or wet was a crucial factor governing the crystal structure of the TiO2 prepared.
In the ammonia water system the solution pH was 14.0, therefore, the pH was not a crucial factor when nitrogen-doped TiO2 was prepared.
Photoelectrochemical and optical properties of nitrogen doped titanium dioxide films prepared by reactive DC magnetron sputtering[J].

The relationship between stress and permeability under tri-axial stress was analyzed on the rock mechanical experimental rig (GAW-2000).
The main control factor of permeability should be related to coal microfractures and coal compositions.
Due to the stresses of surrounding rocks, which vary with the process of coal mining/CBM exploitation, the permeability of coal reservoirs will be affected.
The main control factor of permeability should be related to coal microfractures and coal compositions.
Romm: Physical properties of fractured rocks, Nedra, Moscow (1966)

Bamboo mildew fungi feed on the material without cell wall, so it has minor hazards to the cell and also does not affect the strength of bamboo.
These photo-electrons and holes have superior redox capacity which can kill many bacteria and viruses, and they also are qualified by wide range of antibacterial spectrum, good heat resistance, excellent antibacterial effect and so on, which may significantly improve the anti-bacterium and anti-mold properties of material.
At the same time, they characterize the form and structure of TiO2 by using NMR, FESEM, XRD and EDAX, and focus on studying the influence of temperature on the morphology, the crystal form and the anti-bacterium and anti-mold properties of TiO2 film.
The future research direction of the anti-mold and anti-corrosion of bamboo timber will focus on the development of new, green, highly effectively and inexpensive mold preservatives, which mainly includes anti-mold and anti-corrosion effect, durability, cost, environmental protection, anti-loss, the influence on the physical and mechanical properties of plates and so on.
[9] Song Ye, Wu Yiqiang, Yu Yan, Effect of Titanium Dioxide on Color Stability and Mildewproof Properties of Bamboo [J].

The resulting effect on the structure is the development of cracking mechanisms on the arches which may affect the dynamic behaviour of the whole bridge.
Low compressive strength elements were chosen and a mortar with poor mechanical properties was used to bound them in order to reproduce the same materials of historical constructions.
The materials properties were assigned according to the results of the characterization tests carried out on some masonry samples prepared during the arch bridge model construction.
The results coming from the numerical simulations are affected by uncertainty factors, including: irregularities in the internal masonry texture, lack of material and empty volumes, difficult to detect, are often sources of uncertain mechanical properties.
Results about damping ratio confirm that a reliable estimate of dissipative properties requires the knowledge of excitation, at least in the range of usual experimental modal analysis techniques.

An ideal bone manufacturing system would deliver bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and provide adequate mechanical properties.
A recent study revealed that the scaffolds' mechanical properties can be modulated by adjusting their geometric arrangement without compromising porosity [11].
For the material properties of the scaffold struts, the properties of0020cortical bone were used.
Previous work shows, that mechanical properties may vary if the scaffold is loaded from different directions.
Simon, Fast setting calcium phosphate-chitosan scaffold: mechanical properties and biocompatibility, Biomaterials, vol. 26 (2005), 1337-1348

Therefore many studies on fatigue properties of high strength metals in long life region have been carried out [1-3].
However the effect of loading frequency on the fatigue properties is not fully clarified.
On the other hand, surface modifications of metals are also effective to improve the properties on wear, fatigue and so on.
Mechanical properties of the aged alloy were 0.2% proof stress of 1147 MPa, tensile strength of 1372 MPa and reduction of area of 38.1 %, respectively.
These mean that the base metal was not affected by nitriding and a crack propagates controlled by properties of the base metal, though the crack propagates at first in brittle manner in the nitrided alloy.

The differences between the dynamic and static behavior are due to the strain-rate dependence of material properties and the presence of inertial forces.
The main differences of the response of concrete structures under impact with respect to the quasi-static behavior are due to the strain-rate dependence of the material properties and the presence of inertial forces.
This DIF affects the pull-out strength of the interface as τf,max = 0.4fc0.5.
In this paper, the different parameters affecting the contribution of the fibers (orientation, embedment length, etc) are taking into account by assuming, on average, an embedded length 0.25lf on the shorter side (and 0.75lf on the longer side) and αf = 0.5.
Naaman, Properties of strain hardening ultra high performance fiber reinforced concrete under direct tensile loading.

The material properties used in the simulation are listed in Table 1.
In conclusion, the restorations in the smaller GH groups showed better biomechanical properties than that in larger GH groups.
Implant therapy in a surgical specialty clinic: an analysis of patients, indications, surgical procedures, risk factors, and early failures. 
DESIGN FACTORS OF LUMBAR PEDICLE SCREWS UNDER BENDING LOAD: A FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS. 
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. 71 (2017) 244-249.